2022年高考英语复习资料高中英语重点词语辨析之介词汇总.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载高考英语复习资料：高中英语重点词语辨析之介词汇总在高考中我们常常会遇到一些意义相像的英语单词,你知道他们的正确用法吗？今日小编就给大家总结一些这些词语,期望对大家有所帮忙；1above / over / on / up above ：在 之上；指某物高过于另一物,与below 相对；例如：例： The water came above our knees.（水深及膝之上；）over ：在 之上；指某物在另一物的正上方, 互不接触,与 under 相对；例如：例： The lamp hangs over the table.

2、on ：在 之上；指某物在另一物的上面,并相互接触；例如：例： The lamp stands on the table. up ：在 之上；指由低向高；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例： As they went up the mountain, they had to stop from time to time. 2across / over / through across ：横过；指在同一平面上或成十字交叉穿过；例如：例： He was leading the blind m

3、an across the street. 街；）through ：穿过；指从物体中间或空间穿过；例如：（他带着那个盲人过例：They walked through street after street, searching for a suitable dress. （他们走街串巷,想找一件合适的礼服；）over ：越过；指跨过障碍物；例如：例： The thief climbed over the wall and ran away. 3after / behind / at the back of 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - -

4、 - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载after ：在 以后（表示时间）；在 后面（表示地点,通常指次序的先后）；例如：例： Two days after his arrival, I called on him. 例： They went out of the hall one after another. 例： After you ！请！（您先走！）behind ：在 后面；表示地点,指主体外部的后面,相对于in front of而言；它有时也表示时间,指针对某一规定时刻而迟了的意思；例如：例： There is a river behind our school. 例： The

5、train was behind time. （火车晚点了；）at the back of：在 后部；表示地点,指主体内部的后部, 相对于 in the front of 而言；例如：例： There is a playground at the back of our school. 4after / in 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载after ：在 以后（当其后接一段时间或过去某一时刻时,应使用过去时态；当其后接将来某一特定时刻时,应使用将来时态）；间,以现在为起点,表示将来）；例如

6、：例： He will be back in two hours. 例： He will be back after two oclock. 例： He was back after two hours. 例： He was back two hours later / after. 5among / between in ：在 以后（后接一段时among ：在 之间；一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物中；例如：例： The Yangtze is among the longest rivers in the world. between ：在 之间；一般指在两者之间或三者以上的每两者之间；例如

7、：例： I dropped it somewhere between my house and the station. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例： The tables in this restaurant are so close together that there is little room between them for people to move. （这餐馆的桌子排得太密了,桌子与桌子之间几乎没有空间让人们移动；）6by turns / in turn / tak

8、e turns by turns的意思是“ 轮番地,交替地,忽而 忽而 ” ,强调重复；in turn的意思是“ 依次相继地” ,强调按次序,仍有“ 转而,反过来” 之意；表示“ 轮流地” 时, take turns跟 by turns同义,但二者的语法意义不同；例如：例： We had a swing by turns. （我们轮番荡秋千；）例： She went hot and cold by turns. （她一会儿发热,一会儿发冷；）例： The children got on the train in turn. （孩子们依次上了火车；）例： Interest rates were

9、cut and, in turn, share prices rose. （利率被调低了,而反过来,股票价格却上扬了；）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例： Dan and I usually take turns to cook / in cooking. 7except / but / besides / including / included except ：除 外,没有；指同类人、事、物的比较；另外,其搭配 except for指不同类的人、事、物比较,except that,exc

10、ept when 后接从句；例如：例：All the articles were well written except Anns. （同类物相比,即安的作文写得不好；）例： Ann s article was well written except for some spelling mistakes. （不同类物相比,即只不过有些拼写错；）例 809 ：Ann is a good student except that she is sometimes careless. （跟从句,即只不过有时马虎；）例： The old lady often takes a walk except wh

11、en it is raining. （跟从句,即下雨时不漫步；）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载but ：除 外,没有；与 except 同义,但只用于 who ,all ,no one ,nobody ,nothing ,everyone或 everything等代词后；例如：例： Who but Carl would do that.（除了卡尔,谁仍情愿做那件事？）例： They had no choice but to give in. （他们只好屈服；）例：He does everyt

12、hing but cook. （他什么都行, 就是不会做饭； 此处的 but前面有行为动词 do ,其后的动词应不带 to ；）besides ：作介词,意为“ 除 外,仍有” ；作副词,意为“ 况且,再说” ；例如：例： All the students went besides their teachers. 例： Its getting dark; besides, its going to rain. including / included：包括；留意它们不是介词,including是动词 include的 ing 形式, included 就是形容词；例如：例： All the s

13、tudents went, including Li Hua / Li Hua included. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载（后者是独立主格,相当于 and Li Hua was included；）8for the first time / the first time / the time for the first time: 在句中作状语； the first time和 the time在句中起着连词的作用；如：例： They were invited to the pala

14、ce ball for the first time in their life. 例： It was for the first time that he made such a mistake. （强调句型）例： It is the first time that he has made such a mistake. 例： The first time I met him, he was feeding his sheep. （此处语法意义上可以用the last time 或 the next time替换 例： The time the bell rang, all the pupi

15、ls rushed out. 此处语法意义上可以用as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, 名师归纳总结 instantly, immediately等替换；仍可以用 Hardly when, Scarcely when, 第 8 页,共 11 页No sooner . than等倒装结构来表达；如：- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例： Hardly had the bell rang when all the pupils rushed out. （铃声一响,全部的同学都冲

16、了出去；）9in all / at all / after all / above all / for all / first of all in all ：总计 =in total；at all ：根本,全然（用于加强语气）； after all ：究竟；above all ：首要（相当于 the most important of all all ：第一；例如：）；for all ：尽管；first of 例： First of all, I d like to share the good news with you. For all the difficulties, we ve ma

17、naged to finish forty items in all. But we still have to work harder, and above all, we shall value every possible minute. After all, we have only ten days to go. We have no time to waste at all. （第一,我想和大家一起共享好消息： 尽管存在种种困难, 我们仍是设法完成了总共四十个项目；然而,我们仍得更加努力,最重要是要珍爱每分每秒,究竟我们的期限只剩十天,我们的时间实在铺张不起啊！）10 in the

18、 end / at the end of / by the end of in the end：最终,最终；指时间,相当于at last 或 finally ；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例： He waited and waited, but gave up in the end. at the end of：在 末了,在 末端；指时间或地点；例如：例： At the end of the party, they added another program. 例： You ll f

19、ind the post-office at the end of the street. by the end of：在 终止时,到 末为止；常用完成时态；例如：例： We had learnt 24 units by the end of last term. 例： We will have learnt 24 units by the end of this term. 11 in the past / in the past three years in the past ：过去（用过去时）； in the past three years 成时）；例如：近三年（用现在完名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例：Our town was poor in the past, but great changes have taken place in the town in the past / last three years. 了翻天覆地的变化；）（我们的镇过去穷,可是近三年发生名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 11 页