2022年小学英语语法复习.docx

《2022年小学英语语法复习.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年小学英语语法复习.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学校英语语法复习学校英语语法复习要点 1一、名词复数规章1一般情形下,直接加-s,如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加 -es,如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以 “ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以 “ f或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -e

2、s,如： knife-knives 5不规章名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ;child-children; foot-feet,; tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特点、状态；如：2.表示常常性或习惯性的动作；如：The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的

3、；I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床；3.表示客观现实；如：The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转；一般现在时的构成 1. be 动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩；2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 +其它 ；如：We study English. 我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数he, she,it时,要在动词后加-s 或-es；如： Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜爱汉语；一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化；否定句：主语 + be + not +其它；如

4、： He is not a worker. 他不是工人；一般疑问句： Be +主语 +其它；如： -Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如：Where is my bike. 2.行为动词的变化；否定句：主语 + dont doesnt +动词原形 +其它 ；如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 doesnt构成否定句；如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do Does + 主语 +动词原形 +其它；如：- Do you often play fo

5、otball. - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用- Does she go to work by bike. does构成一般疑问句；如：- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特别疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句；如：How does your father go to work. 动词 +s 的变化规章名师归纳总结 1一般情形下,直接加-s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 第 1 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2以 s. x. sh. c

6、h. o 结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以 “ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： study-studies 学校英语语法复习要点 2三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作；2现在进行时的确定句基本结构为 be+ 动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not ；4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首；5现在进行时的特别疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 主语 + 动词 in

7、g. 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 动词 ing. 动词加 ing 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加 ing,如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing ,如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing,如： run-running, stop-stopping 四、将来时理论及练习一、概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事；句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, nex t dayweek, month, year ,soon,

8、 the day after tomorrow（后天）等；二、基本结构： be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在 be 动词（ am, is, are ）l 后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont；例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be 或 will 提到句首, some 改为 any, and 改为 or,第一二人称互换；例如： We are going to go on

9、an outing this weekend. weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this 五、对划线部分提问；一般情形,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情形；1. 问人； Who 例如： I m going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么； What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this

10、afternoon. 3. 问什么时候； When. 例如： She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed. 六、同义句： be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow 学校英语语法复习要点 3 五、一般过去时（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过 去时也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作感谢；2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：名师归纳总结 am

11、 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was ；（ was not=wasnt ）was 或 were 后加第 2 页,共 9 页are 在一般过去时中变为were ；（ were not=weren t）带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样,即否定句在not ,一般疑问句把was 或 were 调到句首；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn 动词原形,如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加 did ,句子中的动词过

12、去式变回原形；如： Did Jim go home yesterday. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +did+ 主语 + 动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday. 疑问词当主语时：疑问词 + 动词过去式？如： Who went to home yesterday. 动词过去式变化规章：1一般在动词末尾加-ed ,如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d,如： taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed ,如：stop-stopped 4以 “辅音字母 +y ” 结尾的,变

13、5不规章动词过去式：y 为 i, 再加 -ed,如： study-studied am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-s

14、wam, sit-sat 学校英语语法复习要点 4六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词 than；比较级前面可以用 more, a little 来修饰表示程度；than 后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）；2形容词加 er 的规章：一般在词尾加 er ；以字母 e 结尾,加 r ；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 er ；以 “辅音字母 +y” 结尾,先把 y 变 i,再加 er ；3不规章形容词比较级： good-better, beautiful-more be

15、autiful 二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区分 有 be 用形,有形用 be；有动用副,有副用动 在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或 be 动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规章基本与形容词比较级相同不规章变化：well-better, far-farther 学校英语语法复习要点5七、 There be 句型与 have, has 的区分1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在 there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用 is ; 主语是复数, be 动词用 are ; 如有几件物品,be 动词依据最 * 近 be 动词的那个名词打

16、算；3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加 not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首；表示某人4、there be 句型与 havehas 的区分： there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；havehas 拥有某物；名师归纳总结 5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用：some 用于确定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句；第 3 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用：and 用于确定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句；7、针对数量提问的特别疑问句的基本结构

17、是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不行数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特别疑问句的基本结构是：What s + 介词短语？学校英语语法复习要点 6八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区分：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于 than 之后）,宾格一般位于动词或介词之后；2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区分：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性就单独使用,后面不带名词；一般疑问句 ：是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必需用“yes” ,或“no” 来回答；如： Are you a stud

18、ent. Yes, I am / No, I m not. Is she a doctor. Yes, she is. / No, she isn t. Does he work in a hospital. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn t. Are there four fans in our classroom. Yes, there are. / No, there aren t. 特别疑问句 ：以特别疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子；此类句子应当问什么就答什

19、么,不能用“What is this. It s a computer. What does he do. He s a doctor. Where are you going. I m going to Beijing. yes 、no” 来回答；如：Who played football with you yesterday afternoon. Mike. Which season do you like best. Summer. When do you usually get up. I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this. It

20、s Amy s. Why do you like spring best. Because I can plant trees. How are you. I m fine. / I m happy. 如： how many（多其中 how 又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特别疑问词组用来提问,少数量 ）, how much（多少 钱 ）, how tall（多高） , how long（多长） , how big（多大） , how heavy（多重）例句： How many pencils do you have. I have three pencils. How many girls c

21、an you see. I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom. There are 51. 小结： how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,How many + 名词复数+ do you have. 你有多少 ？How many + 名词复数+ can you see. 你能观察多少 ？How many + 名词复数+ are there . 有多少 ？四会单词和句子 四年级上册Unit 4 名师归纳总结 home room school classroom door chai

22、r bed desk 第 4 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - window Unit 5 bread egg milk water rice beef chicken fish Unit 6 sister brother father mother farmer driver nurse doctor 四年级下册board Unit 1 light teachers desk picture floor computer fans wall This is my computer. That is your computer. Is t

23、his a teachers desk. Yes, it is. Unit 2 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten music math Chinese English P.E. What time is it. It s two o clock. Its 9:45. It s time for math class. Unit 3 red blue yellow green white skirt shirt jacket dress Is this your T-shirt. No, it s not. What colour

24、is it. It s white. Unit 4 jeans pants socks shoes sunny warm cold snowy It s warm today. Let s play football. It s cool. Is it cold ？Unit 5 big small long short nice apple banana pear watermelon How much is it. It s ten yuan. How much are they. They re three yuan. Unit 6 cat rabbit pig duck dog elev

25、en twelve fifteen thirteen twenty Are they ducks. No, they aren t. How many horses are there. Twelve. 五年级上册unit 1 young funny tall strong kind old short thin smart active strict quiet Who s your English teacher. Mr Carter. Whats he like. Hes tall and strong. Is she quite. No, she isn t. She s very a

26、ctive. Is she strict. Yes, she is, but she s very kind. Unit 2 名师归纳总结 Monday Mon. Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed. Thursday Thu. Friday Fri. 第 5 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Saturday Sat. Sunday Sun. day have do homework watch TV read books What day is it today. It s Wednesday. What do yo

27、u have on Thursday. We have English, math and science on Thursdays. What do you do on Saturdays. I watch TV on Saturdays. Unit 3 eggplant fish green beans tofu potato tomato fruit lunch grape tasty sweet sour fresh salty favourtie What do you have for lunch on Mondays. We have tomatoes, tofu and fis

28、h. Whats your favourite fruit. I like apples. They re sweet. I like fruit. But I don t like grapes. They re sour. Unit 4 cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom make do the dishes use a computer the bed set the table wash the clothes What can you do. I can sweep the floor.

29、 I can cook the meals. I can water the flowers. Can you make the bed. No, I can t. Can you use a computer. Yes, I can. Unit 5 curtain trash bin closet mirror end table bedroom kitchen bathroom living room clothes near over behind in on under There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living

30、 room. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet. The trash bin is behind the door. Unit 6 mountain river flower grass lake forest path park house bridge tree road building any Is there a forest in the park. Yes, there is. Is there a rive

31、r. No, there isn t. 五年级下册Unit 1 do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class play sports eat dinner get up climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking usually often sometimes When do you eat dinner. I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. When do you get up. I usual

32、ly get up at 12:00 at noon. What do you do on the weekend. Usually I watch TV and go shopping. 名师归纳总结 Sometimes I visit my grandparents. What about you. 第 6 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking. Unit 2 spring summer fall winter season which best s

33、wim fly kites sleep skate make a snowman plant trees why because Which season do you like best. I like winter best. Summer is good, but fall is my favourite season. Why do you like summer. Because I can swim in the lake. Why do you like winter. Because I can sleep a long time. Unit 3 January Jan. Fe

34、bruary Feb. March Mar. April Apr. May June July August Aug. September Sept. October Oct. November Nov. December Dec. birthday uncle her date When is your birthday. Its in May. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill s birthday is in June, too. Is her birthday in June. Yes. Whats the date. June 9 th . Uni

35、t 4 draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room mom grandpa study write a letter write an e-mail Hi, John. This is Zhang Peng. What are you doing. I m doing the dishes. I m reading a book. Grandpa is writing a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cookin

36、g dinner in the kitchen. Hes writing an e-mail in the study. Unit 5 fly jump walk run swim kangaroo sleep climb fight swing drink water What is it doing. Its eating bananas. What is she doing. She s jumping. What are they doing. They re swimming. They re climbing trees. Unit 6 take pictures watch in

37、sects pick up leaves do an experiment catch butterflies count insects collect leaves write a report play chess have a picnic honey Are you eating lunch. No, we aren t. Are they eating the honey. Yes, they are. Is he playing chess. Yes, he is. Is she counting insects. No, she isn t. 六年级上册Unit 1 名师归纳总

38、结 on foot by bike by bus by train by plane by ship 第 7 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - go to school traffic light traffic rule stop wait get to How do you go to school, Sarah. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike. How can I get to Zhongshan Park. Unit 2 You can go by t

39、he No.15 bus. library post office hospital cinema bookstore where please next to turn right turn left go straight then Where is the cinema, please. Its on the left. Unit 3 It s next to the hospital. Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. next week this morning this afternoon this evening comic b

40、ook post card newspaper buy What are you going to do on the weekend. I m going to visit my grandparents this weekend. Where are you going this afternoon. I m going to the bookstore. What are you going to buy. Unit 4 I am going to buy a comic book. hobby ride a bike dive play the violin make kites co

41、llect stamps live teaches watches goes does doesn t=does not Whats your hobby. I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too. Does she teach English. No, she doesn t. Does she teach you math. Yes, she does. Unit 5 singer writer actor actress artist TV reporter engineer accountant policem

42、an cleaner salesperson work What does your mother do. She is a TV reporter. Where does she work. She works in a school. How does she go to work. She goes to work by bus. Unit 6 rain cloud sun stream come from seed soil sprout plant should then Where does the rain come from. It comes from the clouds.

43、 How do you do that. What should you do then. 人称和数名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 主格宾格形容词性名词性反身代词物主代词物主代词名师归纳总结 第一单数I me my mine myself 第 9 页,共 9 页（我）（我的）（我自己）人称复数we us our ours ourselves （我们）（我们的）（我们自己）其次单数you you your yours yourself （你）（你的）（你自己）人称复数you you your yours yourselves （你们）（你们的）（你们自己）第三单数he him his hi