2022年高考英语专题特殊句式.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载3 年高考 2 年模拟 1 年原创精品系列专题 13 特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）【考点定位】 2022 考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点 pk】名师考点透析强调句、倒装句和省略句强调句考点 l 强调句结构及其中的 who 和 that It was after the wan was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again 正是在战争终止后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到讨论工作中去；It was in front of the ba

2、nk that the old lady was robbed那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的；It is when he got back that he knew what had happened 生的情形；他回来后才知道所发It was the goats eyes that he had seen in the darkness他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛；特殊提示 强调句中的主谓一样性：当强调主语时,其后的谓语动词 应与主语一样,即人称和数要一样；如：It is my mother who cooks every day每天煮饭的是我妈妈；名师归纳总结 It is he wh

3、o is wrong是他错了；第 1 页,共 29 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 考点二强调状语部分学习好资料欢迎下载It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语； 强调时间 d better make a mark 最好在你有It was where you have questions that you疑问的地方做个记号； 强调地点 t come to the party她没来参与聚n was because

4、 she was ill that she didn会是由于她病了；强调缘由 It is as the Party tells us that we must do 强调方式 我们必需做的就是听从党的支配；It is as long as you promise to be back before 8： 00 that you can go out只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去；强调条件 直到下车我才意识到这一It wasn t until I got off the bus that I realized it点； 强调句 Not until I got 0fjf the bus did

5、 I realize it 直到下车我才意识到这一点； 倒装句 考点 3 强调句的疑问句名师归纳总结 1一般疑问句；结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分 +that/who+ 句子其他成分 .如：. 第 2 页,共 29 页Was it during the AntiJapanese War that he died.他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗2特殊疑问句；结构为：特殊疑问词what/Who/when/Why/ Where/How+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分 .如：- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载Why i

6、s it that smoking is not allowed here.为什么这儿不答应吸烟 . 考点 4 强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析2定语从句的引导词 即关系代词和关系副词 在从句的使用过程中较为丰富,如 who,that ,which ,whose,when,where,why 等,与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和 that ,强调人时,用who 或 that ,强调其他时,只用that ,且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系；如：It was 2022 when she graduated from the senio

7、r high schoo1那是 2022 年,她高中毕业的时候； 定语从句 It is three years since he joined the army自他参军以来已有三年了；It is many years since he smoked他没有吸烟已有好多年了；2It is/willnotbe+ 时间段 +before 从句；表示” 要过多久 不久 才 ” , before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时；如：It won t be long before you reach your goal你离胜利不远了；3It Was+时间段 +before 从句；表示” 过了多久才 ” ；be

8、fore 从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时；如：It was four hours before he finished the work, 考点 5 谓语动词的强调过了四小时他才完成工作；名师归纳总结 强调句“It is/was that ” 一般不强调谓语动词,假如要强调谓语,用助动词do,第 3 页,共 29 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载家里的does 或 did ；如： The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1确设法让他上技术学校；倒装句考点 1 全部

9、倒装Now comes your turn. 该你了exist3当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词 be,come,sit ,live ,stand ,lie ,等时,常用全部倒装；如：On the ground lay an old man,who was dying 地上躺着一位老人,奄奄一息；4such 作表语,置于句首,表示“ 这样的人 / 事物；上述的人 / 事物” ； be 动词须与后面的主语保持一样；如：Such is their decision他们的打算就是这样；考点 2 部分倒装只把助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词提到主语前面,叫部分倒装；主要有：情形加以确定,它的主

10、语与上文的主语相同,so 相当于 indeed ,certainly；如：Mary h as learned by heart 200 words, and SO have I 玛丽已经记住了200 个单词,我也是这样；名师归纳总结 一 The girls study hard这些女孩学习刻苦；第 4 页,共 29 页一 so they do她们的确如此；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载3在以 never ,seldom ,not only ,rarely 开头的句中用部分倒装；如：, scarcely ,in no way 等否

11、定或半否定词Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery我想象不到会看到这样精妙的景色；6在 hardly when,no sooner than ,not until句型中,主句须部分倒装；如：Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow他一到,天就下起雪来了；7as 引导的让步状语从句结构为：形容词 / 名词 / 动词 +as+主语 +谓语；如：；8在省略了 if 的虚拟条件句中,were,had 或 should 置于句首；如：Were I in your position,1 would

12、not go我要是在你的位置上,我是不会去的；9however , no matter how引导的让步状语从句；如：However hard he worked,he couldn t solve the problem不管多努力,他就是解决不了那个问题；省略句 考点 省略句的几个考察要点 考点省略句的几个考查要点英语中,有时为了防止重复,往往省去一个词或一些成分,这种语法现象称为省略；主要考查点有：1简洁句的省略；名师归纳总结 祈使句省略主语you；某些句子结构省略谓语；部分问句同时省略主谓语；疑问句的答第 5 页,共 29 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - -

13、 - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载语省略；感叹句的省略；年龄和钟点的省略等；如：2比较结构的省略；在” the+ 比较级, the+ 比较级” 结构中,可以省略 中的省略；如：be；由 than 和 as 引导的比较句式The sooneryou do it, the betterit will be 你做得 越快, 结果就会 越好；The longer the wireis, the greater the resistanceis导线越长,电阻就越大；3主从复合句中的省略；1 宾语从句中,连词that 常省略,但当多个宾语从句并列时,只能省略第一个；如：If so=If it is so,

14、 you must go back and bring it here假如是这样的话,你必须回去把它拿来；Look out for cars whenyou arecrossing the street过街时当心车辆；3 定语从句的省略；作宾语的关系代词的省略或省略到用分词作定语；如：The carwhich/thathis father gave him as a birthday present was stolen他父亲作为生日礼物送给他的那辆汽车被盗了；4 在含有 were,had,should 的虚拟条件句中if的省略；在这种情形下如if省略,常将 were,had,should 等

15、提到句首,主谓部分倒装；如：名师归纳总结 Were I a bird,I could fly假如我是一只鸟,我就能飞；第 6 页,共 29 页4not ,so,neither,nor 的替代性省略；动词believe ,do,expect ,fear ,guess ,- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载so 或 not 来防止重复前面hope,say, suppose ,think等和 I m afraid后面可用替代词提到的内容； 表示确定意义时, 以上动词都可与 so 搭配；但表示否定意义时,hope 与 guess只用 I hop

16、e not 和 I guess not 的形式,而 think ,believe,suppo se 等词可有两种形式,即： I think not 和I don t think so；如：一 Do they mind you smoking there. 你在那儿抽烟,他们介意吗 . I don t think so/I think not我想不会；【三年高考】 10 、11、12、13 高考试题及其解析2022 年高考主谓一样1. Generally, students inner motivationwithhighexpectations fromothers_ essential to

17、their development. （江苏）A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案 A 解 析 ： 本 句 考 查 的 是 主 谓 一 致 , 句 子 的 主 语 是 students inner motivationwithhighexpectations fromothers 中的 motivation,所以谓语用单数形式；2.The university estimates that living expenses for international students _ around $8,450 a year, which _ a burden for som

18、e of them.（湖南）A. are ；is B. are ；are C. is ；are D. is；is 答案 A 解析：第一空的主语是living expenses ,为复数形式, 其次空的主语是around $8,450 a year为答案形式；所以答案选A；2022 年高考倒装句1“ Never for asecond,” theboysays, “that myfather wouldcometomyrescue.”（江苏）A. I doubted B. doI doubt C. I havedoubted D. didI doubt 答案 D 解析：此题考查的是倒装,否定词

19、never 前置倒装,所以答案选 D；2.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again. 江西 A. I will speak.B. will I speak. C. do I speak. D. I speak. 答案 B 解析：此题考查的是倒装,only 连接状语前置主句部分倒装,此题为带有 when引导的时间状语从句的复合句,从句使用一般现在时,主句应当用一般将来时,所以答案选 B；3.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _properly in th

20、is hospital. （新课标 II ）A. can be the patients B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D.treated can be the patients 答案 B 解析：此题考查的是倒装,only 连接状语前置主句部分倒装,所以答案选B；4.Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his 名师归纳总结 class. 湖南 第 7 页,共 29 页- - - - - - -精选学习资

21、料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载D. did it occur A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred 答案 D 解析：此题考查的是倒装,否定词not 前置倒装,所以答案选D；DBBD 2022 年高考省略句 31.Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandtoruins, thecitytookonanewlook. （江苏）A. reducing B. reducedC. beingreduced D. havingreduced 答案 C 解析：本句考查的是 a

22、fter doing 动名词结构, the city 和 reduce 之间是被动关系,所 的意思是沦为废墟；以选 being reduced.be reduced to ruins 2. It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we （重庆）A. hadn t B. havent C. didnt D. dont 答案 A 解析：此题考查的是省略；条件从句部分是与过去时态相反的虚拟语气,完整的结构是：if we hadn

23、t taken an umbrella.所以答案选hadnt. 2022 年高考强调句 1It was only after he had read the papers_Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete. （新课标 II ）A. when B. that C. which D. what 答案 B 解析：此题考查的是强调句式结构,被强调部分是only after he had read the papers,需要填的是连接词that. 2.It was with the hel

24、p of the local guidethe mountain climber was rescued. A. who B. that C. when D. how（重庆）答案 B 解析：此题考查的是强调句式结构,被强调部分是with the help of the local guide,需要填的是连接词that. 3.It was not until near the end of the lettershe mentioned her own plan. A. that B. where C. why D. when （天津）答案 A 解析：此题考查的是not.until.结构的强调句

25、式形式；其句式结构为：It is/was not until.that. 所以答案选Athat 2022年高考固定短语1.You cant judge a book by its cover, _.（2022 新课标 I ）A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying 答案 C 解析： as the old saying goes是固定短句,意思是“ 俗语说,古人云”2.David is_animal fur, so he wont

26、visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house. （2022 安徽） A. curious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D.food of 答案 B 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 29 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 解析： be allergic to学习好资料.欢迎下载是固定短句,意思是“ 对有过敏反应”3.If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel nee

27、ded._,they will learn to take care of themselves.（2022 安徽）A. On the contrary B. In a word C. That is to say D. Whats more 答案 D 解析： whats more 是固定短语,意思是“ 而且”,表示递进关系；4. China recently tightened its waters controls near the HuangyanIsland to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea. （2

28、022 福建）A. attacking B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked 答案 C 解析 :本句使用了固定词组prevent.from doing ,attack 和 boats 是被动关系,所以选C； CBDC 2022 高考英语试题1.2022 北京卷 31. _ at the door before you enter my room, please. A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock 2.2022天津卷 6.Only after Mary rea

29、d her composition the second time_ the spelling mistake.B. she noticed C. does she notice D. she has A. did she notice noticed 3. 2022 上海卷 29.Only with the greatest of luck _ to escape from the rising flood waters. A. managed she B. she man aged C. did she manage D. she did manage 【答案】 C 名师归纳总结 【解析】

30、 考查特殊句式； Only+ 状语位于句首, 句子要部分倒装；只是有了最好的运气,第 9 页,共 29 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载她才胜利逃脱了正在上涨的洪水的突击；4.2022上海卷 37. Was it by cutting down staff _ _she saved the firm. No, it was by improving work efficiency. A. when B. what C. how D. that 5.2022 重庆卷 31.Before you quit your job, _ho

31、w your family would feel about your decision. A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered 6.2022 重 庆 卷 32.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic_ Zheng He sailed to East Africa A. when B. that C. after D. since 【答案】 B 【解析】 考查强调句；分析题干可知此句为强调句,是对句子的状语“80 years bef

32、ore Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic” 进行强调的,应选B 项；【易错点拨】考生简洁错选A 项,误把此句当成是时间状语从句；7.2022 重庆卷 33.The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought. A. does he even given B. he even gives C. will he even give D. he will even given 【答案】 C 【解析】 考查倒装句；否定词 nor 放在句首时,后面用部分倒装

33、,排除后面的助动词也应用will,应选 C项；B、D项；再依据前面用的是将来时可知,名师归纳总结 8.2022湖南卷 30.It was not until I came here _I realized this place was 第 10 页,共 29 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. A. who B. that C. where D. before 9.2022 江 苏 卷 25.There is little do

34、ubt in your mi nd that he is innocent, _. A. is there B. isnt there C. is he D. isnt he 10.2022 江西卷 32. Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A. had she B. she had C. has she D. she has 【答案】 C 【解析】考查特殊句式；句首有关键词Never ,否定词提前到句首,句子部分倒装；排除 B,D；再依据句子时态,应用现在完成时,应选 C项；句意：她从来都没有看到

35、过谁打网球和 Robert 一样好的；11.2022 辽宁卷 32.Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he considered C. he considered D. did he consider 【答案】 D 【解析】 考查倒装句和时态；句意：直到他三年前从老师岗位上退休他才考虑出国去度假；“not until+ 状语从句” 置于句首时, 主句要用部分倒装结构；此选 D；“ 考虑” 发生在“ 退休” 之后,应当用一般

36、过去时,因【易错点拨】此题易误选 B；如描述的两个动作都发生在过去,只有当这两个动作有很明显的先后之分, 而且说话人强调这个先后的时间差时,先发生的动作才用过去完成时,表示“ 过去的过去” ； 但是, 假如先发生的动作用了一般过去时,般过去时,而不是过去完成时；那么后发生的动作也应当用一名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 29 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载12.2022 山东卷 31. I don t know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. _. I cant

37、 stand all this rain. C. So am I D. I hope A. I dont care B. Its hard to saynot 13.2022 四川卷 5.This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently. A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is 【答案】 C 【解析】考查特殊句式；nor 位于句首引起部分倒装,排除 B、D；再依据句意“ 这并不是（关于）我的故事,它也不是故事的全部；我的故事的结局不同；” 选代词 i

38、t ；故答案选 C；2022 高考英语试题1. （ 2022 重庆卷） I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, . A could he Bdidn t I C didn t you D could they 2. （ 2022 辽宁卷） a strange plant. Ive never seen it before. A Which B What C How D Whether 【答案】 B 名师归纳总结 【解析】 考查感叹句； 句意：多么古怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过； 此处为 “What+a/an第 12 页,共

39、29 页十 adj.+n +it is/was” 的省略结构,故B 项正确；3. （ 2022 江苏卷） It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. , we- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载d better take it to the garage immediately. A Otherwise B If not C But for that D If so d 4. （ 2022 新课标卷） Only when he reached the tea-hous

40、eit was the same place hebeen in last year. A he realized Bhe did realize Crealized he Ddid he realize 【答案】 D 【解析】此题考查的是以only 引导的状语从句引起的部分倒装,应把主句中动词的助动词提前至句首,所以选 D；5. （ 2022 湖南卷） It s not what we do once in a while _ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. A which B that C how D when 6. （ 202

41、2 全国 2 卷） Jane won t join us for dinner tonight and . A neither wont Tom B Tom wont either C. Tom will too D so will Tom 【答案】 B 【解析】考查特殊句式；句意：简不会来参与我们今晚的宴会,汤姆也不会来；此处是否定句,故使用 either,而 too 一般用于确定句中；此处也可以用 so 倒装的否定式,即 neither/nor will Tom留意 A 项中 neither 表否定意义,所以不能用 wont ；7. （ 2022 湖南卷） Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a decision. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 29 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A they reached 学习好资料欢迎下载D do they reach B did they reach C they reach 8. （ 2022 福建卷） -It s nice.Ne