七选五阅读解题技巧.ppt

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1、七选五阅读解题技巧七选五阅读解题技巧高考大纲要求试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）讲究内容的统一性讲究段落的连贯性讲究段内的关联性讲究句句衔接的自然性7选5阅读填空语篇特点分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键。分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落。另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语段层次。段落

2、 语段篇章结构类题解题技巧通读整篇文章，理清文章结构和中心；根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略。如果问题设在段首：总分 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。如果问题设在段尾：分总通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。_ Every day,when she comes back home

3、 from work,she sets about doing housework,sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture,and putting everything in order.She seems to be busy all the time.Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself,but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us.A.She enjoys

4、 listening to class music.B.She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.C.My mother is hardworking and never wastes money.D.As a mother,she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.总分结构语义链：每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有关的东西。细节类题型解题技巧1同词复现语言粘连衔接手段32同义/反义45具体/笼统语义场同源词复现（同一词根，不同词性）Everybody get

5、s stressed from time to time.71 Some ways of dealing with stress-like screaming or hitting someone-dont solve much.But other ways,like talking to someone you trust,can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.C.Different people feel stress in different ways.Kids health:Four steps

6、for fighting stress同词复现近义暗示 On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._ Those disadvantages include expense,time away

7、from ones school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.同词复现反义暗示6句式照应语言粘连衔接手段7替代（人称、指示代词等的替代）Talk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives.72 They might ha

8、ve had similar problems,such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.F.And dont forget about your friends.Kids health:Four steps for fighting stress句式照应人称替代That happens in the 1980s.And,most recently,she says many kinds of people have joined the movement._ They represent many races,regi

9、ons and political beliefs.A.They are mainly rich peopleB.Parents choose homeschooling for several reasons.C.Most often,their parents are their teachers.D.She says these include rich people and poor people.句式照应人称替代近义暗示The logical connections逻辑衔接：语段的语际关系并列 递进概括 归纳顺序 因果解释 例证转折 对比并列或顺序and,or;First(ly),s

10、econd(ly),third(ly),;first,then/next,;in the first place,in the second place;for one thing,for another thing,;to begin with,then/next,after that,finally/last,last but not least 等。等。递进关系too,either,neither,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,whats more,in addition,as well,to make matters worse,w

11、orse still,likewise,similarly,notbut,not onlybut also等。等。解释说明in fact/as a matter of fact/actually,in other words/that is to say 等。等。转折对比but,however,yet,although/while/though,or/otherwise,on the contrary,instead,nevertheless,still,unfortunately,despite,in spite of,at any rate,in any case,in contrast/

12、comparison,by contrast/comparison,conversely 等等因果关系so/therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result(of),so/suchthat,so that等。等。in short,in brief,in summary,generally speaking,in general,to conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,to sum up概括归纳1.Your suggestion is thoughtful._,it is

13、practical._,it is a good suggestion.2.The village used to be very poor._,it has changed a lot since 1978.3.Red is attractive.Many restaurants,_,have red furniture or walls.4.I didnt go to the party with them._,I went to help an old lady with her housework.5.As a popular saying goes,“Time is money.”_

14、,time is more precious than money.Fill in logical connections between sentencesIn a wordHoweverthereforeInstead Moreover/BesidesIn fact 主旨大意把握好 读懂选项更重要关键信息相匹配 核查排除不可少 速读全文，理清文章结构，了解大意知主题。抓住段落大意，理清句际关系（意义、衔接）。浏览七个选项，抓住各中关键词，注意衔接手段及上下文构成的逻辑关系，结合排除法初步确定选项（形意结合，瞻前顾后，先易后难）。代入选项，复核层次划分有无错误，语义是否连贯。分析干扰项，确定

15、排除理由（依据主旨、衔接和关键词）。解题步骤与技巧u主旨概括句要么过于宽泛、要么以偏概全、或偏离主题；u 过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；u 注释性句子与上文脱节等。干扰项特点Muzak举例子、列数字、做比较说明文 文章体裁：说明对象：说明方法：【2010-北京卷】任务型阅读The next time you go into a bank,a store,or a supermarket,stop and listen.What do you hear?_71_ Its similar to the music you listen to,but its not exactly the sa

16、me.Thats because this music was especially designed to relax you,or to give you extra energy.Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing,but you react to the music anyway.C.Music is playing in the background.同词复现同一语义场指示替代【2011新新课标课标全国卷全国卷七七选选五五】Quiet background music used to be called eleva

17、tor(电电梯梯)music because we often heard it in elevators.But lately we hear it in more and more places,and it has a new name Muzak.About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday.The music plays for 15 minutes at a time,with short pauses in between.It is always more lively between ten

18、 and eleven in the morning,and between three and four in the afternoon,when people are more tired._72_ B.The music gives them extra energy.同词复现人称替代反义暗示If you listen to Muzak carefully,you will probably recognize the many of the songs.Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as

19、Muzak,but others are happy when their songs are chosen.Why?_73_ F.They get as much as$4 million a year if their songs are used.人称替代同词复现因果暗示近义暗示Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel.It has been proven that

20、Muzak does what it is designed to do.Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background._74_ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.句式照应_75_ They say its boring to hear the same songs all t

21、he time.But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places.They say it helps them relax and feel calm.One way or another,Muzak affects everyone.Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!A.Some people dont like Muzak.人称替代反义暗示因果暗示Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp【2011-辽宁

22、卷】任务型阅读【2011辽辽宁卷宁卷七七选选五五】Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful,but as we are aging,we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing.71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.F.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid th

23、ose moments.转折关系具体/笼统近义暗示1.72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease(早早老老性性痴痴呆呆症症),according to a recent study.73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.Theres evide

24、nce that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better.In other words,keep your brain looking forward.2.Go for a walk.3.Learn something new.A.Focus on the future.句式照应同一语义场1.72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events

25、 had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease(早早老老性性痴痴呆呆症症),according to a recent study.73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to

26、 do better.In other words,keep your brain looking forward.E.But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.同词复现因果关系2.Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose(葡葡萄萄糖糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose d

27、own to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.74 G.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.近义暗示解释说明3.Learn something new.Take a Spanish class online,join a drawing club,or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimula

28、tion(刺刺激激)limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time.75 Or go dancing with your friends.C.It should be something like learning gardening.并列/选择笼统/具体解释说明无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布结束结束