专四语法专题复习:限定词解读培训课件.ppt
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1、专四语法专题复习:限定词解读疑疑问问限限定定词词(Interrogative Determiner):what,which,whose不不定定限限定定词词(Indefinite Determiner):no,some,any,each,every,enough,either,neither,all,both,half,several,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,other,another基数词基数词(CardinalNumeral)和)和序数词序数词(OrdinalNumber)倍倍数数词词(Multiplicative Numeral)和和分分数数词词(Fracti
2、onalNumeral)量量词词(Quantifier):alotof,lotsof,plentyof,agreat tgood good deal deal ofof,a a largelargesmall small amountamountquantity quantity ofof,a a greatgreatlargelargegood number ofgood number of等。等。限定词与三类名词的搭配关系限定词与三类名词的搭配关系 限定词与限定词的搭配关系限定词与限定词的搭配关系 若干限定词用法比较若干限定词用法比较(1)能与三类名词搭配的限定词)能与三类名词搭配的限定词
3、 有有些些限限定定词词如如the,some,any,no,other,whose以以及及my,your等等物物主主限限定定词词和和名名词词属属格格(Johns,myfriends)等等能能与与三三类类名词搭配。例如:名词搭配。例如:thebookthebooksthemoneymybookmybooksmymoneymyfriendsbookmyfriendsboodsmyfriendsmoneyanybookanybooksanymoneysomebooksomebookssomemoneynobooknobooksnomoneytheotherbooktheotherbookstheoth
4、ermoneywhosebookwhosebookswhosemoney(2)只能与名词单数搭配的限定词)只能与名词单数搭配的限定词 有有些些限限定定词词如如a(n),one,another,each,every,either,neither,manya,sucha等只能与等只能与单数名词单数名词搭配。例如:搭配。例如:eachworkereverystudenteitherbookneithersentenceanappleonecopyanotherbookmanyabooksuchabook(3)只能与复数名词搭配的限定词)只能与复数名词搭配的限定词 有有些些限限定定词词如如both,t
5、wo,three,anothertwothree,many,(a)few,several,these,those,a(great)numberof等等只只能能与与复复数名词搭配。例如:数名词搭配。例如:bothworkers(a)fewwordsseveralstudentsthesethosebooksanumberofessaystwothreevisitorsmanystudentsanothertwostudents(4)只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词)只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词 有有些些限限定定词词如如a(little)bitof,alargeamountof,agreatdealo
6、f,(a)little,much,less,(the)least等等只只能能与与不不可可数数名名词词搭配。搭配。abitofwateralargeamountofmoneymuchnoise(a)littlespacelessoil(the)leastoil(5)能与单、复数名词搭配的限定词)能与单、复数名词搭配的限定词有有些些限限定定词词如如thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenext等等既既可可与单数名词搭配,也可与复数名词搭配。例如:与单数名词搭配,也可与复数名词搭配。例如:thefirstrosethefirstrosesthelastmanthelastmen
7、thenextmeetingthenextmeetings(6)能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词)能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词有些限定词如有些限定词如this,that等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。例如:例如:thisthatjobthisthatwork(7)能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词)能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 还有些限定词如还有些限定词如alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,more,most,such,other等可与复数名词和不可数名词搭配。例如:等可与复数名词和不可数名词搭配。例如:alotof
8、booksalotofmoneylotsofchickenslotsoffoodplentyofchairsplentyofwaterenoughcopiesenoughcoalmorearticlesmoretimemostpeoplemostworksuchmensuchbreadothermenotherbread 这这一一类类限限定定词词也也可可以以包包括括lessless和和(the)(the)leastleast。如如前前所所述述,lessless和和leastleast通通常常只只与与不不可可数数名名词词搭搭配配,但但在在现现代代英英语语的的非非正正式式语语体体中中,间或也可与复
9、数名词搭配。例如:间或也可与复数名词搭配。例如:Less and less peoplecanaffordtogoabroadfortheirholidays.PoliticalprogrammesonTVattractthe least viewers.EXERCISES 1.Whyistheretraffic on the streets in February than in May?traffic on the streets in February than in May?A.less B.fewer C.few D.little2.On account of the typhoon
10、2.On account of the typhoon shipment will arrive this week.shipment will arrive this week.A.neither B.all C.both D.these3.Have you got 3.Have you got copies to go round?copies to go round?A.the other B.enough C.a little D.much 4.There4.Theres s water in the bottle.water in the bottle.A.few B.a numbe
11、r of C.plenty of D.any5.There is 5.There is iron in this mine than in that one.iron in this mine than in that one.A.much B.a great deal of C.less D.a lot of6.He wrote 6.He wrote essays on Victorian novels in his class.essays on Victorian novels in his class.A.the next B.the most C.the other D.the mo
12、re7.He has published 7.He has published short stories in English.short stories in English.A.a great amount of B.a number of C.another D.many a 8.We had 8.We had rainfalls last summer.rainfalls last summer.A.too much B.little C.a little D.only several9.9.care would have prevented the accident.care wo
13、uld have prevented the accident.A.Much B.Little C.A little D.A few10.The students spent 10.The students spent their time working in the fields.their time working in the fields.A.both B.most C.more D.halfAABCCBBDCD 在在名名词词词词组组中中心心词词之之前前如如果果有有两两个个或或两两个个以以上上限限定定词词出出现现时时,就就会会产产生生限限定定词词的的先先后后顺顺序序问问题题。按按其其
14、不不同同的的搭搭配位置,限定词可分为:配位置,限定词可分为:(1 1)中位、前位、后位限定词)中位、前位、后位限定词 按按照照限限定定词词和和限限定定词词之之间间的的不不同同搭搭配配位位置置,限限定定词词可可分分为为中中位位限限定定词词(CentralDeterminer)、前前位位限限定定词词(Predeterminer)和和后位限定词(后位限定词(Postdeterminer)。)。中位限定词中位限定词1、定冠词和不定冠词:a(n),the,zero;2、物主限定词(物主代词和s属格名词):my,your,Marys,myfriends3、指示限定词:this,that,these,tho
15、se4、不定数量词(some,few,no,any,every,each,either,neither,enough);5、疑问限定词和关系限定词:what(ever),which(ever),whoseb)前位限定词前位限定词包括包括all,both,half;double,twice,threetimes等;等;one-third,two-fifths等;等;what,such(a/an)(跨类限定词)。跨类限定词)。c)后位限定词后位限定词包括包括one,two,three等;等;first,second,third等;等;next,last,other,another等;等;many,
16、much,(a)few,(a)little,fewer,(the)fewest,less,(the)least,more,most;several等;等;plentyof,alotof,lotsof,agreat/large/goodnumberof,agreat/gooddealof,alarge/smallamountof;such等。等。(2)(2)三类限定词搭搭配关系三类限定词搭搭配关系 如如果果一一个个名名词词词词组组带带有有上上述述三三类类限限定定词词,其其搭搭配配关关系系总总是是按按照照“前位前位中位中位后位后位”的顺序排列。例如:的顺序排列。例如:allall thethe f
17、our four teachers teachers allall youryour three three booksbooks 前前 中中 后后 前前 中中 后后 allall thesethese lastlast fewfew days days 前前 中中 后后 后后 如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按上述顺序。例如:如果只有上述两类限定词,其搭配关系仍按上述顺序。例如:half hishalf his lecture lecture thosethose lastlast fewfew months months 前前 中中 中中 后后 后后 severalseveral hu
18、ndredhundred guests guests allall otherother students students 后后 后后 前前 后后 such asuch a misfortune misfortune somesome such such alloyalloy 前前 中中 中中 后后 有有上上述述诸诸例例可可以以看看出出,中中位位限限定定词词和和前前位位限限定定词词之之间间是是相相互互排排斥斥的的,即即一一个个名名词词中中心心词词之之前前不不可可并并用用两两个个中中位位限限定定词词或或两两个个前前位位限限定定词词。所所以以,“我我的的那那本本书书”不不是是my my that
19、 that bookbook而而是是that that book book of of minemine,因因为为my my 和和that that 同同是是中中位位限限定定词词,不不可可并并列列。但但后后位位限限定词的使用却不受此限制。例如:定词的使用却不受此限制。例如:hishis lastlast twotwo books books thethe first twofirst two chapters chapters 中中 后后 后后 中中 后后 后后 twotwo moremore sheets sheets 后后 后后 个别限定词有跨类现象,如个别限定词有跨类现象,如such既属
20、于前位限定既属于前位限定词,又可归入后位限定词。由于它只是在词,又可归入后位限定词。由于它只是在sucha.和和suchan这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其他限定词(他限定词(some,any,no,all,few,another,other,many,one,two等)搭配时,等)搭配时,such则是后位则是后位限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如somesuch,anysuch,nosuch,fewsuch,onesuch等,因等,因此把它归入后位限定词。此把它归入后位限定词。EXERCISESChoose
21、 an appropriate combination of determiners to fill in each blank:1.Hediditintimeittookme.A.theone-thirdB.halfaC.thedoubleD.one-thirdthe2.Isawboysatthecinema.A.thebothB.manyaC.boththeD.theseveral3.candidatesaregirls.A.HalftheB.ThehalfC.TheirhalfD.Halfa4.friendsusuallyspeakhighlyofhim.A.HissomeB.Hisma
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