完型填空试题主要特点.ppt

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1、完型填空试题主要特点 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望完型填空试题主要特点完型填空试题主要特点：1.1.通常从一篇通常从一篇250250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空空2020个，首句不挖空；个，首句不挖空；2.2.考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景文化背景;3.3.干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四

2、个选项的词干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。作用。为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多多?1.1.没有严格遵循答题步骤没有严格遵循答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-1815-18分钟分钟.切

3、记切记:一定要用一定要用2-32-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.2.2.不注意积累答题技巧不注意积累答题技巧:a.a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b.b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.跳过空格，通读全文，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意把握大意再读全文，反复检查再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，瞻前顾后，先易后难，

4、个个击破个个击破 完形填空的解题步骤完形填空的解题步骤把握整体把握整体具体分析具体分析 考纲解读考纲解读 完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用来测完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。具体表现在以试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。具体表现在以下几个方面：下几个方面：(1)词语辨析能力词语辨析能力(2)语法结构分析能力语法结构分析能力(3)语篇理解能力语篇理解能力(4)逻辑推理能力逻辑推理能力(5)文化背景透析能力文化背景透析能力(6)作者意图剖析能力作者意图剖析能力(7)生活常识综合运用能力生活常识综合运用能力词汇题词汇题

5、高考完形高考完形填空考什么？填空考什么？篇章结构篇章结构句际关系句际关系完型填空考查内容完型填空考查内容语篇信息语篇信息词汇手段词汇手段语法手段语法手段逻辑手段逻辑手段复复现现同同现现替替代代省省略略顺顺序序关关系系并并列列关关系系分分指指关关系系转转折折关关系系解解释释关关系系因因果果关关系系语篇结构（语境理解）语篇结构（语境理解）语语法法项项目目Problemsolvingstrategies上下文语境上下文语境（context)常识背景常识背景（commonsense）习惯搭配习惯搭配（phrases&idioms）词义辨析词义辨析（comparison）语法分析语法分析（grammar

6、analysis)逻辑分析逻辑分析(logicalanalysis)排除法排除法（exclusivemethod）灵活的解题技巧灵活的解题技巧专题一专题一 记叙文型完形填空记叙文型完形填空专题一记叙文型完形填空专题一记叙文型完形填空专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读 1了解文章的结构形式了解文章的结构形式通通常常为为了了叙叙述述方方便便，作作者者会会按按时时间间先先后后顺顺序序或或空空间间顺顺序序等等方方式式来来安安排排情情节节和和内内容容。其其优优点点是是条条理理清清楚楚，层层次次分分明明。读读者者也也较较容容易易理理解解和和接接受受。但但是是有有时时为为了了突突出出某某个个情情节节或或为为了了

7、增增加加阅阅读读趣趣味味，或或为为了了其其他他目目的的，作作者者可可能能会会采采用用插插叙叙，甚甚至至倒倒叙叙的的写写作作手手法法。弄弄清清了了文文章章篇篇章章信信息息的的分分布布情情况况，有有助助于于抓抓住住文章的主线，理清文章的脉络。文章的主线，理清文章的脉络。专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读2知晓文章所记叙的几大要素知晓文章所记叙的几大要素为为了了使使读读者者清清楚楚地地了了解解一一件件事事的的起起因因、经经过过和和结结局局，作作者者就就有有必必要要在在记记叙叙文文中中将将事事件件、人人物物、时时间间、地地点点、原原因因和和结结果果等等要要素素讲讲清清楚楚。这这六六个个要要素素是是记记叙叙

8、文文的的基基本本组组成成部部分分，一一般般不不能能缺缺少。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。少。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读3弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第第一一人人称称和和第第三三人人称称。用用第第一一人人称称就就是是从从“参参与与者者”的的角角度度进进行行记记叙叙，读读者者可可从从字字里里行行间间感感受受到到作作者者亲亲切切的的态态度度和和深深厚厚的的感感情情。用用第第三三人人称称就就是是以以“观观察察者者”的的身身份份展展

9、开开叙叙述述，作作者者的的语语气气客客观观，与与读读者者保保持持着着一一定定的的距距离离，读读者者的的注注意意力力更更多多集集中中在在故故事事本本身身。了了解解了了作作者者的的写写作作角角度度有有助助于于我我们们走走进进作作者者的的思维，深入理解文章的意义。思维，深入理解文章的意义。（08江西）江西）The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets.About thirty metres away,a boat pulled

10、 alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea.“Hey,look!”exclaimed Rahim.“Those two men are 37 heavy rocks.I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological 38 .”“you dont 39 a crane(起起重机重机)to unload less than a dozen rocks,do you?”smiled Joshua.“But those men dont 40 to have muscl

11、es at all,”said Michael,rather surprised.Joshua smiled.“They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they 42 .See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his 43 .36.A.through B.across C.down D.up37.A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.uncovering 38.A.way B.revolution

12、 C.process D.era39.A.ask B.expect C.attempt D.hope40.A.happen B.fail C.have D.seem41.A.ambitious B.experienced C.potential D.energetic 42.A.take B.fetch C.carry D.bring43.A.shoulder B.back C.chest D.arms原词重现原词重现语境语境理解理解词义词义用法用法排除法排除法语境语境-词词义义词义辨析词义辨析常识常识 Some of the rocks weight is set 44 his head,s

13、ome on the right hand and some on the left hand.His body isnt bent.His legs are well 45 .”“Youre right,Josh.He may have a small build.46 he certainly well knows his job.Dear me!And to think we have been studying 47 !”Rahim thought about all that was happening.Suddenly,he said,“Technology wont 48 the

14、 human being completely,it appears.”“I dont think it will.”49 Joshua.“You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large,multi-purpose tractors,but you 50 use that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes,will you?”44.A.on B.against C.toward D.under 45.A.supported B.grasped C.pl

15、aced D.strengthened 46.A.but B.however C.so D.therefore 47.A.chemistry B.physics C.biology D.psychology 48.A.control B.affect C.remove D.replace49.A.agreed B.proposed C.refused D.denied50.A.cant B.mustnt C.wont D.neednt常识常识 词义词义词义辨析词义辨析转折关系转折关系语境理解语境理解词义词义语境语境语境语境原词重现原词重现 “You can get a computer to

16、51 multiple-choice assessments,but you cannot get the computer to produce of assess essays,can you?”asked Michael.“Well,the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as 52 as ever-thats domestic technology for you!”said Rahim.“One day,perhaps,there wont be anybody 53 who can carry a large rock th

17、e way those men do.Its not going to be a very 54 world,Im afraid.”Sighed Michael.“Youre too much of a pessimist(悲观主义者悲观主义者)，Mike.”Said Joshua.“55 will always be other things that will make the world exciting.”51.A.point out B.take out C.hand out D.print out 52.A.dirty B.clean C.old D.new 53.A.caught

18、 B.arranged C.left D.convinced 54.A.exciting B.mysterious C.technological D.modern 55.A.That B.This C.They D.There常识常识常识常识-语语境境词义词义-句型句型原原词词重重现现固定句型固定句型解题方法：解题方法：总的原则：总的原则：“先完意，后完形先完意，后完形”。八字方针：八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。上下求索，瞻前顾后。三步曲：三步曲：读读填填读读 (08江苏江苏)Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Sc

19、otland.In an interview,she recalled how she became a percussion soloist(打击乐器打击乐器独奏演员独奏演员)in spite of her disability.“Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician.I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight.The older I

20、got,the more my passion(酷爱酷爱)for music grew.But I also began to gradually lose my 38 .Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve,I was completely deaf.But my love for music never 40 me.”“My 41 was to become a percussion soloist,even though there were none at that time.To pe

21、rform,I 42 to hear music differently from others.36.A.conditions B.opinions C.actions D.recommendations37.A.enjoying B.choosing C.taking D.giving38.A.sight B.hearing C.touch D.taste39.A.evidence B.result C.excuse D.cause40.A.left B.excited C.accompanied D.disappointed41.A.purposeB.decision C.promise

22、 D.goal42.A.turned B.learned C.used D.ought I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note(音音调高低调高低)by the vibrations(振动振动)I feel through my body and through my 44 .My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have.”“I was 46 to be assessed as a musician,not as a d

23、eaf musician,and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London.No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission.Based on my performance,43.A.tell B.see C.Hear D.smell44.A.carefulness B.movement C.imagination D.experience45.A.sense B.effort C.feelingD.idea46.A.dis

24、satisfied B.astonished C.determinedD.discouraged47.A.done B.acceptedC.advised D.admitted48.A.supportedB.followed C.requiredD.opposed I was 49 admitted and went on to 50 with the academys highest honours.”“After that,I established myself as the first full-time solo percussionist.I 51 and arranged a l

25、ot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists.”“I have been a soloist for over ten years.53 the doctor thought I was totally deaf,it didnt 54 that my passion couldnt be realized.I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others.Follow your p

26、assion;follow your heart.They will lead you to the place you want to go.”49.A.usually B.finally C.possibly D.hopefully50.A.study B.research C.graduate D.progress51.A.wrote B.translated C.copied D.read52.A.enough B.some C.many D.few53.A.However B.Although C.When D.Since54.A.mean B.seem C.conclude D.say55.A.directed B.guided C.taught D.limitedAnswers:36.B 37.C 38.B 39.D 40.A 41.D 42.B 43.A 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.A 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A 52.D 53.B 54.A 55.D