2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案.docx

《2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案.docx（42页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案（江南博哥）材料题根据以下材料，回答1-20题Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resoundingyes！1helping you feel close and2to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a3of health benefits to your body and mind.Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even he

2、lp you4getting sick this winter.In a recent study5over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs6the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being7to the virus.People

3、 who perceived greater social support were less likely to come8with a cold, and there searchers9that the stress-reducing effects of hugging10about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.11among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less seve

4、re12. Hugging protects people who are under stress from the13risk for colds thats usually14with stress, notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging is a marker of intimacy and helps15the feeling that others are there to help16difficulty.Some experts17the stress-reducing,health

5、-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called the bonding hormone18it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstre

6、am.But some of it19in the brain,where it20mood, behavior and physiology.1单选题第1题选择是_.A.UnlikeB.BesidesC.DespiteD.Throughout正确答案：B参考解析：根据本句句内逻辑关系，后半句“it turns out that hugs”说明拥抱还有其他积极的作用。因前半句的逻辑关系应该为“除此以外”，结合选项，Besides“除此之外”最为合适，故选B。2单选题第2题选择是_.A.connectedB.restrictedC.equalD.inferior正确答案：A参考解析：根据句子前后

7、结构“helping you feel close and_”，我们可以判断，由于空格处与前面内容通过and连接，说明我们要选择一个单词与feel close同义，并且要与后面介词to连用。分析四个选项含义，A项有“关联的”含义最为符合，故选A。3单选题第3题选择是_.A.choiceB.viewC.lessonD.host正确答案：D参考解析：此题为固定搭配。空格所在部分后为复数形式(health benefits)，因此空格处在语法上必须能够接复数，选项中符合要求的只有host，“a host of”表示大量的，故选D。其他选项搭配不合理。4单选题第4题选择是_.A.recallB.for

8、getC.avoidD.keep正确答案：C参考解析：根据题干信息“a warm embrace might even help you_getting sick this winter”中，出现“even”，表示“甚至”，说明此句话与上一句话存在递进的逻辑关系。上一句话的语义表示“拥抱可以给身心带来大量的好处”。因此，这句话也应该表示拥抱的好处。根据四个选项含义，avoid“避免”，forget“忘记”，recall“回忆”，keep“保持”。可知C项“避免”最符合文意，即避免生病，故选C。5单选题第5题选择是_.A.collectingB.involvingC.guidingD.affec

9、ting正确答案：B参考解析：本题考查现在分词作后置定语，需要选择一个现在分词修饰前面的“study”。因此结合四个选项，collecting“收集”，affecting“影响”，guiding“引导”，involving“涉及，加入”。根据句子含义，应该表达“关于涉及400人的研究”，故选B。6单选题第6题选择是_.A.ofB.inC.atD.on正确答案：D参考解析：本题为固定搭配。根据“examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_ the participants susceptibil

10、ity”可知是考查固定搭配“examined the effectson sth”。因此正确答案为A。7单选题第7题选择是_.A.devotedB.exposedC.lostD.attracted正确答案：B参考解析：根据“common cold after being_ to the virus”(通常感冒是在_细菌之后发生的)，再结合选项含义devoted“致力于”，attracted“吸引”，lost“丢失”，exposed“暴露于”。可知D项“暴露于细菌中”符合文意。因此正确答案为B。8单选题第8题选择是_.A.acrossB.alongC.downD.out正确答案：C参考解析：本题

11、为固定搭配。come along with“和一起，随同”，come across with“偿付”，come down with“得病，感染”，come out with“出版，提出”。结合语境，根据后面与cold“感冒”搭配，C项符合要求，表示“得感冒”。因此正确答案为c。9单选题第9题选择是_.A.calculatedB.deniedC.doubtedD.imagined正确答案：A参考解析：根据原文“the researchers_ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging_ about 32 percent of that benefic

12、ial effect”可知动作的主语是“研究人员”，连接后面的宾语从句“拥抱减小压力的作用”，并且有数据支撑。结合选项，imagined“想象”，denied“否认”，doubted“怀疑”，calculated“计算，推测”来看，宾语从句部分应为研究人员计算推测出的结果。因此A项符合要求。10单选题第10题选择是_.A.servedB.requiredC.restoredD.explained正确答案：D参考解析：根据文章内容，“the stress-reducing effects of hugging_about 32 percent of that beneficial effect”

13、本题同样考查研究人员得出的研究结果，因此结合选项，served“服务”，restored“存储”，explained“解释”，required“要求”，D项“解释”符合语境要求。因此正确答案为D。11单选题第11题选择是_.A.EvenB.StillC.RatherD.Thus正确答案：A参考解析：Thus“因此，表示因果关系”，Still“仍然，表示强调关系”，Rather“相反，表示对比关系”，Even“甚至，表示递进关系”。根据文章上下文逻辑，下文是对上文做进一步说明，因此选择表递进关系的词比较符合逻辑。因此正确答案为A。12单选题第12题选择是_.A.defeatsB.symptoms

14、C.testsD.errors正确答案：B参考解析：形容词与名词搭配问题。根据语境“the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe _”可知所选词要与severe构成合理搭配，再结合前文语境是关于对于拥抱实验的结果。因此，symptoms“症状”符合语境要求。正确答案为B。13单选题第13题选择是_.A.minimizedB.highlightedC.controlledD.increased正确答案：D参考解析：本题考查形容词。根据原文“Hugging prote

15、cts people who are under stress from the_ risk for colds thatS usually_with stress，”可知需要选择一个形容词来修饰risk。再结合常识“压力大的人患病风险相对较高”。在选项中，highlighted“突出的”，increased“增加的”，controlled“被控制的”，minimized“最小的”。对比选项含义，“增加的风险”更符合原文语境。因此正确答案为D。14单选题第14题选择是_.A.equippedB.associatedC.presentedD.compared正确答案：B参考解析：此题为固定搭配题

16、。A、B项不可以和with连接。associated可以和with连接，意为“与有关联”。compared和with连接表示“和相比”，不符合文章题意要求。因此正确答案为B。15单选题第15题选择是_.A.assessB.moderateC.generateD.record正确答案：C参考解析：此题考查动宾搭配。根据原文“Hugging is a marker of intimacy and helps_ the feeling”，需要选择一个动词能够和后文的“the feeling”搭配。assess“评估”，generate“产生”，moderate“缓和”，record“记录”。四个选项

17、中，只有B项符合要求，“generate the feeling”产生感觉。因此选C。16单选题第16题选择是_.A.in the face ofB.in the form ofC.in the way ofD.in the name of正确答案：A参考解析：此题为短语搭配题。分析选项含义，in the name of“以的名义”，in the form of“以的形式”，in the face of“面对”，in the way of“以的方式”。结合文章语境，“面对困难”搭配最合理。因此正确答案为A。17单选题第17题选择是_.A.transferB.commitC.attributeD

18、.return正确答案：C参考解析：此题为固定搭配题，即attribute sth to sth“把归功于”。因此正确答案为C。18单选题第18题选择是_.A.becauseB.unlessC.thoughD.until正确答案：A参考解析：此题考查逻辑关系。unless“除非”，because“因为”，though“虽然”，until“直到才”。结合原文语境，“often calledthe bonding hormone_ it promotes attachment in relationships，”意为“经常被称之为形成亲密关系的荷尔蒙,_它促进了关系的依赖。”从本句来看，前后文属于

19、因果逻辑关系。因此正确答案为A。19单选题第19题选择是_.A.emergesB.vanishesC.remainsD.decreases正确答案：C参考解析：本题考查动词辨析。remains“仍然”，emerges“出现”，vanishes“消失”，decreases“减少”。结合语境信息“But some of it_in the brain，”可知B、D项与文意相反。而A项只表示一种动作。c项表示它仍然在大脑里存在，最符合文章要求。因此正确答案为c。20单选题第20题选择是_.A.experiencesB.combinesC.justifiesD.influences正确答案：D参考解析

20、：本题考查动词辨析。experiences“经历”，combines“结合”，justifies“替某人辩护，证明合理”，influences“影响”。根据原文语境中的“where it_mood，behavior and physiology”可知能够搭配后面并列的三个宾语“情绪、行为和生理”，只有D项“影响”符合要求。因此正确答案为D。材料题根据以下材料，回答21-25题First two hours, now three hoursthis is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch

21、 a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provide

22、s another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Securi

23、ty Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons both fake and realpast airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices

24、, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicagos OHare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now r

25、ushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA c

26、ould take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on tra

27、velers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved.The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning, this pri

28、ce tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes wh

29、ile most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.21单选题The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to_.A.explain Americans tolerance of current security checks.B.stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.C.highlight the necessity

30、of upgrading major U.S.airports.D.emphasize the importance of privacy protection.正确答案：A参考解析：根据题干关键词The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804定位到第二段第二句。例证题中的例子为论据，所要找的答案为论点，而论点在论据之前，因而该题目的答案是第二段的第一句话。第二段首句说的是美国人愿意忍受长时间的安全检查以换取更多安全。正确答案A项的Americans tolerance是原文Americans are willing to tolerate的原词复现，current sec

31、urity checks是原文的timeconsuming security的同义转换。干扰项B的urgency to strengthen security worldwide，原文未提及worldwide，属于扩大范围；C项的major USairports属于具体信息的干扰；D项的privacy与原文无关，是常识性干扰。22单选题Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?A.New restrictions on carry-on bags.B.The declining efficiency o

32、f the TSA.C.An increase in the number of travelers.D.Frequent unexpected secret checks.正确答案：C参考解析：根据题干中的long waits at major airports定位到原文第三段的第二句，原文的resulted in与题干中的contributes to是同义转化，所以定位内容就是提升的安全措施以及航空旅游的增加。正确答案C项的An increase in the number of travelers是原文a rise in airline travel的同义替换。干扰项A的carry on

33、 bags是在第四段的最后一句出现的，非定位句内容；干扰项B的TSA efficiency也出现在第四段；D项的unexpected secret checks未提及。23单选题The word expedited (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to_.A.quieter.B.cheaper.C.wider.D.faster.正确答案：D参考解析：根据题干，定位到第五段第三句，“Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes”

34、，结合下一句中的saving time for everyone involved，即可以节省时间的安检，与选项对应就是选项faster(更快)。干扰项A“更安静”，B项“更便宜”，C项“更广泛”，属于常识性干扰。24单选题One problem with the PreCheck program is_.A.a dramatic reduction of its scale.B.its wrongly-directed implementation.C.the governments reluctance to back it.D.an unreasonable price for enro

35、llment.正确答案：D参考解析：具体细节题。根据题干关键词problem with the PreCheck program定位到文章倒数第二段的第三句话“this price tag has been the PreChecks fatal flaw”可知，本句中的代词this指代本段第二句话，即乘客必须每五年缴纳85美元才能进行背景调查。D项中的an unreasonable price for enrollment说明了第六段中指出的问题“预检计划标价过高”，符合文意。干扰项A“其规模的急剧下滑”未提及，B项“其错误的执行”属于过度推理，C项“政府不愿意支持”是对原文的曲解。25单选

36、题Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Less Screening for More SafetyB.PreCheck- a Belated SolutionC.Getting Stuck in Security LinesD.Underused PreCheck Lanes正确答案：C参考解析：主旨题。第一段介绍事实背景，提出问题“机场安检越来越费时”；第二段首句指出了美国人对于安全检查方面的态度，并在下文提及了所出现的问题造成的影响。正确答案C“安检流程线陷入困境”是对原文的总结概括。干扰项A的Scre

37、ening是原文的具体细节，B项和D项的PreCheck是原文最后三段的内容。材料题根据以下材料，回答26-30题The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers, wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaiis last reigning monarch, in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have

38、erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanitys view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMTs planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heave

39、ns.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the worlds most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Keas peak rises above the bulk of our planets dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing n

40、ew.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence asdisrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger tel

41、escopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Keas fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance toda

42、y.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaiis shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna K

43、ea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true

44、ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescopes visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed a

45、t the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26单选题Queen Liliuokalanis remark in Paragraph 1 indicates_.A.her conservative view on the historical role

46、of astronomy.B.the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.C.the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.D.her appreciation of star watchers feats in her time.正确答案：B参考解析：具体细节题。根据题干中的关键词Queen Liliuokalanis的remark定位到第一段的第一句，第一段的第二句话提到观星者是在夏威夷社会中最受尊重的成员之一。正确答案B的the importance of a

47、stronomy是原文Star watchers were among the most esteemed members的总结概括，in ancient Hawaiian society是原文的原词出现。干扰项A的historical role属于原文信息的曲解，C项的regrettable decline未提及，属于过度推理，D项不是in her time，而是她评论古代的观星者。27单选题Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to_.A.its geographical features.B.its protective surroundings.C.its religious implications.D.its