不定式做宾语补足语及练习.doc

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1、不定式作宾语补足语的类型 动词不定式既有动词的性质，又有名词的性质。它没有人称与数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等：动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式的句子构造中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(以下句子中划线局部作宾语补足语) 一、许多动词可跟一个宾语 + to do构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否认形式为“动词+宾语+not to do。例如：do sb/sth to do sth My boss told me to type out two letters. 分析：句中“

2、My boss做主语，“told作谓语，“me作宾语，划线局部作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 They forbade her to leave the country.Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do的构造，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，t

3、ell，want，warn等。二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：I consider him to be the best candidate.分析：句中“I做主语，“consider作谓语，“him作宾语，划线局部作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be的构造，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。三、有些动词(感官动词与使

4、动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：He saw her enter the room.分析：句中“He做主语，“saw作谓语，“her作宾语，划线局部作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。She wont let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do的构造，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look a

5、t.注意:这类句子变为被动构造时，不定式前加to。请看以下句子，句中划线局部作宾语补足语。例如：A child was seen to enter the building.She was often he3在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat这类动词有：make,let,have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。Whatwouldyouhave

6、medo你要我做什么？Shemadehimgiveupsmoking.她让他戒了烟。Lethimdowhateverhewishestodo.他想干什么就让他干吧。ard to sing this song.四、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动构造中要加to。例如：Ill help you(to) push the cart.分析：句中“I做主语，“will help作谓语，“you作宾语，划线局部作宾语补足语。上句的被动语态为：Youll be helped to push the cart.五、有些“动词+介词的构造后也可跟不定式构成句子，句中的不定

7、式作宾语补足语。例如：He shouted to me to come over.分析：句中“He做主语，“shouted作谓语，“to为介词，“me作宾语，划线局部作宾语补足语。请看以下句子，句子的构造为“动词+介词+宾语+to do，划线局部为不定式，作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。I depend on you to do it.I am counting on you to help me through.高中范围内，适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do的构造，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. t

8、o do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do等。六、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生，就需要用完成形式：He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.分析：句中“He做主语，“was known作谓语，使用了被动语态。由句意可知，“为国际奥委会工作发生在前，“大家知道发生在后。故不定式局部用完成形式，在句中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。They are believed to have discussed the problem.七、作宾语

9、补足语的不定式，表示一个正在进展的动作时需用进展形式：He is believed to be living in Mexico.分析：句中“He做主语，“isbelieved作谓语，使用了被动语态。由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况，故用不定式的进展形式，句中划线局部作宾语补足语。请看以下句子。Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.He is thought to be hiding in the woods.间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进展时。例如：She is said to have been d

10、oing this work for twenty years.八、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式：he didnt want her son to be taken away.分析：句中“She做主语，“didnt want作谓语，“her son作宾语，由于“her son与“take away之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，句中划线局部作宾语补足语。请看以下句子。Id like this room to be redecorated.He didnt wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.练习： 1.They knew her very

11、 well. They had seen her _ up from childhood.(1988全国) A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow2. The teacher asked us _ so much noise.(2003北京) A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 3. My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京) A. for me taking B. m

12、e taking C. for me to take D. me to take 4.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海) A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 5.-Is Bob still performing？-Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has b

13、ecome an official.(2005江苏) A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 6.The mother felt herself _ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海)A. grow B. grown C. to grow D. to have grown 7.Energy drinks are not allowed _ in Australia but are br

14、ought in from New Zealand.(2006上海) A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making答案：1.A 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 编辑：赵露52.-Theresaholeinyourbag.-Iknow,Imgoingtohaveit_.A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended3.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_,todayhewasmade_byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB

15、.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry4.Theywouldnotallowhim_acrosstheenemyline.A.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing5.Ifoundthedoor_whenIgothome.A.openedB.closeC.unlockingD.open6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoD.donotto7.Icouldntdomyhome

16、workwithallthatnoise_.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled9.Iadvised_atonce.A.himtostartingB.himtostartC.tostartingD.tostart10.WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill_.A.beatB.t

17、obebeatingC.beatingD.wasbeating11.Youhadbettergetadoctor_yourbadtooth.A.pulloutB.topulloutC.pulledoutD.pullingout12.Hemanagedtomakehimselfwithhis_English.A.understand;breakingB.understand;brokenB.C.understood;breakingD.understood;broken13.Thedoctoraskedhimnottoleavehiswound_.A.exposeB.exposedC.toexp

18、oseD.exposing14.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.A.installB.toinstallC.tobeinstalledD.installed615.Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute_.A.beingsettledB.tobesettledC.hadsettledD.assettled16.Youwillseethisproduct_whereveryougo.A.tobeadvertisedB.a

19、dvertisedC.advertiseD.advertising17.Hisremarksleftme_abouthisrealpurpose.A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering18.WhenIcaughthim_meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.A.cheatingB.cheatC.tocheatD.tobecheating19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_,todayhewasmade_byhislittlesist

20、er.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry20.Didyouintendus_thenewmethodA.usingB.touseC.usingD.areusing21.Theteacherencouragedus_goodcompositions.A.WritingB.writtenC.towriteD.iswriting22.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto23.Mrs.Brow

21、nwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_wentwrongagain.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired24.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled25.Withtrees,flowersandgrass_everywhere,mynativetownhadtakenonanewlook.A.pla

22、ntingB.plantedC.toplantD.tobeplanted26.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking727.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade_tothepublicuntillastThursday.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.tobeknown28.Icanmakeyou_whatIsay,butyoucantmakeyourself_inEnglish.A.understand;understandB.unders

23、tand,understoodCtounderstand,understandD.understand;tobeunderstood29.Hefoundthem_atatable_.A.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechess30.Johnrushedoutinahurry,_thedoor_.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockedD.toleave;unlocking31.Wearepleasedtoseethepr

24、oblem_soquickly.A.settledB.settlingC.besettledD.havingbeensettled32.Icouldfeelthewind_onmyfacefromanopenwindow.A.toblowB.blowingC.tobeblowingD.blown33._productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through34._everything_,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.A.As,buyingB.Fo

25、r,tobuyC.With,boughtD.Because,tobuy35.Dontleavethewater_whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津2004)A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun36.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting37.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildrensactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_.(重庆2

26、004)A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry38.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.(北京2003)A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake39.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered_clear8warningsbeforefiringanyshots.(上海2003)A.toissueB.beingissuedC.tohaveissuedD.tobeissued40.Goodmorning.CanIhelpyouIdl

27、iketohavethispackage_,Madame.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed41.Fatherwillnot_ustousehisrecorders.A.haveB.letC.agreeD.allow42.Johnwasmade_thetruckforaweekaspunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing43.Themissingboyswerelastseen_neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay44.Pauld

28、oesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning45.Seeingthesun_abovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.A.toriseB.toraiseC.risingD.raising46.Iwasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions_.AbeenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown47.Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodafterth

29、eoperation.A.toeattoB.eatingnotC.nottoeatDnoteating48.Thespeakerraisedhervoicebutstillcouldntmakeherself_.A.hearB.hearingC.tohearD.heard49.IfyougotoXian,youllfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly_.A.supposingB.tosupposeC.supposedD.suppose50.Itssocoldtoday,wemustkeepthefire_.A.toburnB.burnin

30、gC.burnD.burnt51.Themotherwasasked_letherchildren_TVeveryevening;A.notto;watchB.notto;towatchC.not;watchD.not;watching52.Theydidntobserveher_inandgoupstairs.A.comeB.cameC.tocomeD.coming53.Howaboutthetwoofus_awalkdownthegarden(MET9317)9A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking54.Ihavehadmybike,andImgoingtoh

31、avesomebodymyradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing55.theroom,thenursefoundthetaperecorder.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen56.Couldyoushowmethemobilephoneyoudlike_A.tohaverepairedB.repairingi

32、tC.havingitrepairedD.torepairit57.IhaveoftenheardtheABCSong,butIhaveneverheardAliceit.A.tobesung;tosingB.beingsung;sangC.sung;singD.sang;singing58.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed59.-Haveyouhadanyone_yournewly-boughtflat-Notyet.Iamgoingtog

33、etJohn_adesignforitfirst.A.todecorate;makeB.todecorate;tomakeC.decorate;makeD.decorate;tomake60.-“Didyouhaveanydifficultyintodayshomework-“No,infactIfound_.A.itveryeasytodoB.itveryeasydoneC.veryeasyfordoingD.veryeasytodoitKeys:1-5CCAAD6-10AACBC11-15BDBAD16-20CDAAB21-25CACAB26-30CBBCA31-35ABCCB36-40DADAD41-45DAABC46-50BCDCB51-55AACCB56-60ACCDA第 16 页