it的用法及强调句型精心整理.doc

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1、it的用法及强调句型it的用法一、it作指示代词 【完成句子】用one，ones，it，that，those填空 (1) I cant find my watch. You havent found _？ If you want to buy a new _， I suggest you buy _ made in China. (2) Weve got a big cup and two small _. (3) The weight of an elephant is much greater than _ of a tiger. (4) The books on the first sh

2、elf are easier than _ on the second shelf. (5) The boy told his story and _ of the girl upstairs. 【答案】 (1) it; one; one (2) ones(3) that (4) those / the ones (5) that / the one【结论1】 指代上文提过的事物时，it指的是同名同物，相当于the名词； one指的是同名异物，表示单数可数名词相当于a 名词；a / an形容词one等于a / an形容词名词；复数形式用ones； that后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可

3、数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the名词； 复数名词用those，相当于the ones。 【例句观察】 Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it It must be Leo. He said hed come to see me. 【结论2】it指代人时，常指小孩或身份不明的人。【例句观察】Its too quiet in the room. Everyone just keeps silent. 【结论2】it可用以指代环境或情况。 (6) What time is it now Its half past seven. (7) It is sp

4、ring now and its warm these days. 【结论3】 it可用以指代时间、季节、天气或距离。【注意】 it指代时间时，有如下一些句型： (1) It is time for sth. (for sb.)to do sth. / that从句(should do / did, 必须用虚拟语气) 例： Its time for lunch. Its time for us to clean the house. Its time that we should clean the house. Its time that we cleaned the house. (2)

5、It is / has been some time since从句 (从句用一般过去时)It is 10 years since I graduated from college. (3) It / This/That is the first / second time that从句(必须使用现在完成时)这是某人第次做了某事。 It / This/That was the first / second time that从句(必须使用过去完成时) 例：It is the second time that she has visited the Great Wall. This was th

6、e first time that I had come late to school. (4) It was 时间点 when 从句 例： It was evening when we got home. It was evening in which we got home. (5) It was / will be some time before 从句例：过了5年他们才从北大毕业。 It was five years before they finally graduated from Beijing University. 不久，我们就要从我们学校毕业了。 It wont be lo

7、ng before we graduate from our school. 二、it作形式主语1. 代替主语从句 It is clear ( obvious， true， possible certain.) that . “清楚显然，真的，肯定. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that . that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气should + 动词原形，should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It

8、is said (reported， learned.) that . 据说据报道，据悉“。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. . It is suggested ( ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that . 主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气should + 动词原形，should 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令 It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It is a pity

9、( a shame . ) that . that后的从句一般用虚拟语气should + 动词原形，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然。没有这种意义时，那么不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing should happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that. 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that h

10、e met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来It doesnt matter if/whether they are old. It occurs to/strikes sb.that-clause 某人突然想到It suddenly occurred to/struck me that I hadnt seen Peter all day. 我突然想到，我一整天都没看见彼得。 How did it come about that从句意为“怎么发生的？How did it

11、 come about that he knew where we wereHow did it come about that so many people were attacked2.替代不定式 . It takes sb. . to do sth. 做要花费某人 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. . It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， c

12、ruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. . It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如： It is impor

13、tant for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party It is up to sb. to do sth.“应由某人负责或“是某人的职责。Its up to you to decide whether to take the job or not. 接不承受这份工作由你自己定。3.作形式主语替代ing形式 It is no good (use )/useless doing sth. /Its no pleasure doing sth. /Its a waste of

14、 time doing sth. /It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth. It is worthwhile spending/to spend much time on it. 在这件事上花时间是值得的。It is no good learning English without writing English. Its useless trying to argue with Shylock. 【结论】代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正主语。为平衡句子，通常把不定式作主语改为it 作形式主语。 三、it作形式宾语【例句观察】 They found

15、it difficult that they would finish their work in two days She feels it hard to get in touch with her old friend. Mobile phones make it possible for us to keep in touch anywhere. I have made it a rule to get up early. We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. .【结论1】it 作形式宾语常用构造有：代替由不定式、

16、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语。常见构造有：主语 think / consider / find / feel / make / believe / regard itadj. / n. (for sb.)to do. /that从句【例句观察】I consider it no good chatting with strangers through the Internet.【结论2】主语 think / consider / find / feel it no good / use doing sth. 【例句观察】I hate it when people speak with their

17、 mouths full.【结论3】主语hate / dislike / love / like it when从句，表对某一情况的喜好或厌恶。【例句观察】I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.【结论4】主语appreciate it if从句【例句观察】 You must see to it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab. You can depend upon it that we wont give up. I answer for it t

18、hat she is an honest girl. 【结论5】主语see to / answer for it that从句(确保) 主语depend on it that从句(指望，确信)四、带it的一些固定词组 1(Youve / Ive) got it. 懂了，明白了 2. Forget it. 算了吧，别在意，没关系。 3. take it easy 别着急，慢慢来；别过于紧张 4. make it 办得到，做成功 5. make it 时间把定在(某时) 6. It / That (all) depends. 那要看情况而定。 7. It cant be helped. 没有方法。

19、 / 这是不可防止的。8. It is hard to say. 情况很难说。 9. It comes to nothing. 没有什么结果。10. Dont mention it. 不用谢。11. Thats it. 对了；正是。12. catch it(口语)被责骂； 受处分13. Believe it or not. 信不信由你。14. It doesnt matter. 没有关系； 不要紧；15. When it comes to (doing) sth.当谈到； 当涉及16. Keep it up. 再接再厉。强调句型一、强调句型的根本用法 1强调句构造：It is / was 被强

20、调局部that 句子的其余局部。 2句型解读：(1) it是引导词，强调的内容可以是句子的主语、宾语、状语。如果被强调的局部是人且为主语时，that 可用who代替，其他情况一律用that。(2) 验证强调句的方法： 去掉It is / wasthat 构造后，可以把被强调的局部与句子其余局部复原为一个完整的句子。二、强调句型的考点【例句观察】 (1) It was Edison who invented the lamp. (2) It is Edison who invents the lamp. 【结论1】注意时态的一致性。原句中用的是过去的某种时态， 用it wasthat；原句中用的

21、是现在或将来的某种时态，用it isthat 【例句观察】It is I that am your English teacher. 【结论2】当被强调的局部是主语时，注意保持主谓一致。【例句观察】He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. (对画线局部进展强调) It wasnt until he finished his homework that he went to bed. (强调句) 【结论3】not until 构造用于强调句中，not 要提前到until之前，放在be动词后。即：It wasnt until that 句

22、子的其余局部。【例句观察】Was it not until he finished his homework that he went to bed【结论4】强调句的一般疑问句形式：Is / Was it 被强调局部 that句子的其余局部。When was it that he went to bed【结论5】强调句的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词 is / was it that 句子的其余局部。【例句观察】I really dont know when it was that he went to bed. 【结论6】含有强调句型的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，注意用陈述语序。【疑难】It is in the city where he was born that he works. 他工作的地方是他出生的那个城市。【疑难剖析】强调句中的被强调局部含有一个定语从句，要注意区别、分析。 It is / was 被强调局部定语从句that (who)句子的其余局部