2022年考研英语范文阅读模拟试题.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 考研英语范文阅读模拟试题及答案解析 一It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After si x months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australias Northern Territory became the first legal authority in th e world to allow doctors to take the lives of in

2、curably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 1 0. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the groups on-line servi ce

3、, Death NET. Says Hofsess: We posted bulletins all day long, becaus e of course this isnt just something that happened in Australia. It s world history. The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its

4、 moral and practical implications. Some have breathed si ghs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and t he Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Aust ralia-where an aging population, l

5、ife-extending technology and changi ng community attitudes have all played their part-other states are go ing to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling

6、. Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can reques t death-probably by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffe ring. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a cooling off period of seven days, the patient can sign a cer tificate of request. Af

7、ter 48 hours the wish for death can be met. Fo r Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung ca ncer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with li ving without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death f rom his breathing condition. Im not afraid

8、of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how Id go, because Ive watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing a t their masks, he says. 51. From the second paragraph we learn that _. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - es （A）the

9、objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countri（B）physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia （C）changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty pas sage of the law （D）it takes time to realize the significance of the laws passa ge 52. When the author says that observe

10、rs are waiting for the domin oes to start falling, he means _. （A）observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the fut ure of euthanasia （B）similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries （C）observers are waiting to see the result of the game of domin oes （D）the e

11、ffect-taking process of the passed bill may finally com e to a stop 53. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will _. （A）face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia （B）experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient （C）have an intense fear of terrible suffering （D）undergo a cooling off period of s

12、even days 54. The authors attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of _. （A）opposition （B）suspicion （C）approval （D）indifference 答案及试题解析名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 51. （D）意为：懂得该法获批准的意义尚需要时间；其次段第一句是该段的主题句, 该句意为： 其（即这一立法的） 整体含义（import ）可能需要一段时间才为人完全懂得（sink in）；其实,该段的其次句

13、是对第一句更详细的阐释,该句可译为：北部地方州（此处NT是 Northern Territory 的缩略形式,指澳大利亚中北部地区）晚期病人权益法的批准使医生和普通人都在思索其道义与实践方面的含义；观点；本段下文提到了支持和反对该法的两种A意为：在（除澳大利亚以外的） 其他国家, 对安乐死的反对看法缓慢而至；这一点该段没有提到； 实际上, 听到该法批准后, 远在美国和加拿大的人也很快 作出了反应；B意为：在安乐死这一问题上,医生和一般人观点相同；正像该段第三句所 指出的,对于该法的批准,看法分歧很大；有些人松了口气,而有些人- 包括教堂、保卫生命权益组织与澳大利亚医学会 准过于仓促；- 对该法

14、进行猛烈的抨击,认为它的批C意为：技术（条件）的变化应对该法的仓促批准负主要责任；该段第五句 意为：在澳大利亚,其他州也将考虑通过制定同样的一项法律来解决安乐死问题,而促成这一形势的是澳大利亚老化的人口、生命连续技术、 正在变化的社会态度等因素；可见,这与 C所表达的内容不一样；52. （B）意为：美国、加拿大及其他国家也可能批准类似法律；其次段最终一句指出, 在美国和加拿大死之权益运动正在集结力气,观望者正在等待多米诺骨牌开头倾倒； 多米诺骨牌是一种西洋骨牌嬉戏；嬉戏中将很多长方形的骨牌直立排列成行, 碰倒第一张时, 其余骨牌将依次纷纷倒下； 用于比喻时,这种嬉戏指一系列的连锁反应,即：牵一

15、发而动全身；这里喻指：澳大利亚的形势会波及北美等国家,引起类似的做法；A意为：观看者对安乐死的将来持观望态度；依据对B的分析,观看者等待的是是否美、 加等国会在对安乐死的态度方面步澳之后尘,通过类似立法, 而并非是指他们对安乐死态度暖昧、莫衷一是；C意为：观看者正等待看多米诺嬉戏的结果；这种说明未免太拘泥于字面的意思；D意为：所批准的法案的影响或许会最终停止；与原文不符；53. （A）意为：死时表现出安乐死的安静特点；这实际上是说他将采纳安乐死的方式离开人世；第三段提到, 住在达尔文市（位于北部地方州） 的尼克森患肺癌, 对他来说, 答应安乐死的法案的批准意味名师归纳总结 - - - - -

16、- -第 3 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 着他可以心情安静地生活, 而无需惧怕将要遭受的死亡的磨练：由死时所产生的 呼吸困难所带来的痛楚磨练；他说：从思想熟悉上讲,我并不怕死,但是,我怕 的是如何死去,由于我曾亲眼目睹过医院的病人死时由缺氧而挣扎并抓挠氧气罩 的情形；从以上的分析可以看出, 尼克森先生知道自己已患绝症并依法为自己选 择安乐死的方式辞别人世；B意为：经受肺癌病人所要遭受的痛楚；C意为：对痛楚的磨练极度惧怕；不对,相反,尼克森将会安静死去；D意为：将经受 7 天的安静阶段； 第三段指出, 依据北部地区新通过的法律,要求安乐死的病人必需具备以下条

17、件：1）该病人必需由两名医生诊断为晚期病人； 2）安静考虑 7 天后,病人签署一个申请证书；3）48 小时后再给病人实行安乐死；可见,这里所说的安静 7 天是让病人（及其家庭）安静、仔细地考虑一下是否挑选采纳安乐死这一形式；54. （C）意为；赞同；这是一篇新闻体文章, 在新闻体文章中, 写作者往往通过引用相关者的观点来终止争论, 并将自己的态度通过引用间接地表述出来；本文以尼克森的话终止了对安乐死的争论, 而尼克森是安乐死的支持者；另外,文章的大部分文字陈述了对安乐死法案的褒扬态度, 而反对态度却一带而过； 从这两方面来看, 作者对安乐死持赞同态度；A意为：反对；B意为：怀疑；D意为：不关怀

18、；翻译句子1、Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterl y attacked the bill land the haste of its passage. But the tide is un likely to turn back. 参考译文 一些机构最终松了一口气,但是其他一些机构,包括教堂,倡 导生命之权的团体和澳大利亚医学协会,尖锐地抨击这个法案, 指责法案的通过

19、过于匆忙；但是大势已定,不行逆转； 结构剖析 第一句话中, 有用逗号松散连接的两个表示对比的句子：Some have breathed others bitterly attacked ,其中 others 之后是介词词 组： including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medic名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - al Association 对 others 进行进一步的说明； its passage 中的 its 指代前面提到的 the

20、 bill；其次句使用了被动语态,与第一句是转折关系； 阅读重点 tide 本意是潮水、潮汐的意思,这里的引申含义是趋势、 趋向；turn the tide 使形式转变、 转变局面； bill 这里是法案的意思； 另外要懂得some 和 others 的对比关系；2、In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider makin

21、g a similar law to deal with euthanasia. 参考译文 在澳大利亚 - 人口老龄化,延长寿命的技术和变化着的社会态度,这些因素都在发挥作用- 其他的州也会考虑制定相像的关于安乐死的法律； 结构剖析 这个句子的主体结构是 other states are going to consider ；句首的 In Australia 是介词词组表示地点状语, 后面 where 引导定语从句 where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have

22、 all played their part a 的详细情形；,进一步说明 Australi 阅读重点 留意破折号中说各种因素都发挥了作用,是指对其它州考虑制定关于安乐死的法律这件事而言的；另外留意 consider 的用法, consider 后面一般接 V-ing 的形式或 that 引导的宾语从句；补充难句翻译1、After six months of arguing and final 16hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australias Northern Territory became the first legal authority

23、in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. 参考译文 经过了六个月的争辩以及最终16 个小时猛烈的议会辩论, 澳大利亚北部地区成了世界上第一个答应医生终止期望死去的绝症病人生命的立法 当局； 结构剖析 句子的主体结构是 Australias Northern Territory becamethe first legal authority ；句首是表示时间的介词词组作状语：after s；ix months of arguing and final 16

24、hours of hot parliamentary debates后面的动词不定式 to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die 相当于定语从句 which allows doctors to ,修 饰 legal authority；who 引导定语从句 who wish to die 修饰前面的 patie nts ；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 阅读重点 懂得句子的关键在于剔除庞杂的修饰成分,抓住

25、句子的主干；2、After a cooling off period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be me t. 参考译文 在七天的冷静期之后,病人可以签署一张申请证书；再等 48 小时之后,他要求死去的愿望就可以实现了； 结构剖析 两个句子都是简洁句； 第一句中前面是介词词组作时间状语：After a cooling off period of seven days；其次句使用了被动语态； 阅读重点 cooling of

26、f 这里是指给病人充分的考虑时间以做出冷静的决定；meet 这里是满意的意思,可以和 demand、need、requirement 等和 wish 类似的词连用；语言点详解1. take vote 表决投票,表；选票,选票数；v. 投票,表决 大纲词汇 vote n. 经典例句 They finally took a vote on the mater. 2. legal authority 合法当局合法 大纲词汇 legal a.法律的,法定的； 合法的, 正值的 a legal act 行为3. incurably 不行救药地 大纲词汇 cure v.（of ）治愈,医治；矫正,订正；

27、n. 治愈,痊愈；良药,疗法 衍生词汇 curable a. 可医治的 incurable a. 无法治愈的,不行订正的incurably ad. 无法治愈地,不行救药地 经典例句 He was incurably stubborn on this matter. 4. convincing 令人信服的 大纲词汇 convince v. 衍生词汇 convincing a.（of ）使信服,使确信 令人信服的,有说服力的名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 经典例句 His explanation is very co

28、nvincing. 5. flash on 闪映 大纲词汇 flash v.发闪光,闪亮；出现； n. 闪光 经典例句 The news flashed on the television. 6. pick up 得到 大纲词汇 pick up 捡起,拣起；增加,改进；（偶然）得到；（车船）中途搭（人）,中途带（货）；获得,学会 经典例句 Their message was picked up by the enemy and decoded. 7. executive director 执行总监 大纲词汇 executive a.执行的,实施的； n. 总经理,董事,行政负责人8. send

29、 it on 连续发送 大纲词汇 send n. 送,寄；派遣,打发 经典例句 She asked me to send the message on to other friends. 9. on-line service 网上服务10. all day long 成天 经典例句 He works on the question all day long to find the right answer. 11. import 含义 大纲词汇 import v. 资,主旨,含义进口,输人； n. 进口,输人； pl. 进口商品,进口物 经典例句 Hardly anyone caught th

30、e full import of the incident. 名师归纳总结 12. take a while 需要一段时间第 7 页,共 34 页 大纲词汇 while n.一段时间,一会儿- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 经典例句 It takes a while for him to calm down. 13. sink in 被懂得 大纲词汇 sink v.（使）下沉,下落； n. 水池,水槽 扩充词汇 sink in 被懂得 经典例句 Eventually the news sank in. 14. physician 内科医生内科医生意指；

31、含 意思,示意 经典例句 physician n.15. implication 牵连含义,示意 imply v. 大纲词汇 implication n. 扩充词义 implication n.牵连；涉及；亲密关系 经典例句 The news regulation has grave implication for unemploy ment. 16. haste 匆忙匆忙,急速；草率； v. 赶快,匆忙 in haste 匆忙地, 大纲词汇 haste n.草率地匆忙的 衍生词汇 hasty a. 经典例句 Many people were surprised at the haste of

32、 his marriag e. 17. passage 通过 大纲词汇 passage n.通过,经过；通路；走廊；（一）段落,（一）节 经典例句 The opposition party tried to secure the passage of th e law. 18. turn back 折回 扩充词汇 turn back 折回,返回；转变做法 经典例句 There is no turning back once you have signed the cont ract. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -

33、- 19. play ones part 起作用 大纲词汇 play a part（in ）起作用 经典例句 Ambition played its part in his success. 20. euthanasia 安乐死21. dominoes 多米诺骨牌（多米诺现象指一个倒下后引起连锁反应而全部倒下）22. injection 注射 大纲词汇 inject v. 注射,注人 衍生词汇 injection n. 注射 经典例句 The doctor prescribed an injection of penicillin for his fever. 23. put an end t

34、o 使 终止 扩充词汇 put an end to 使终止,毁掉 经典例句 The accident put an end to her happy life. 24. diagnose 诊断 大纲词汇 diagnose v. 诊断 经典例句 He was diagnosed lung cancer a few days age. 25. terminally 致命地 大纲词汇 terminal a. 衍生词汇 terminally ad.终点站；终端,接线端；运算机终端 致命地,晚期地；终点地 经典例句 He was terminally ill. 26. cool off 使冷静下来 大纲

35、词汇 cool a. 凉的,凉快的；冷静的,冷静的,冷淡的；v. （使）冷却,（使）冷静名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 扩充词汇 cool off 使冷静下来 经典例句 You should give him sometime to cool off his anger. 27. certificate 证明书 大纲词汇 certificate n. 证（明）书28. get on with 连续 扩充词汇 get on with 连续 经典例句 We get on with the meeting after

36、his disruption. 29. haunting 萦绕于心的 扩充词汇 haunt v. 常去；使苦恼, 困扰；布满 haunting a. 萦绕于心的,使人担心的 经典例句 Mans future is a haunting question to him. 30. terrifying 令人惧怕的 大纲词汇 terrify v. 使可怕,使惊吓 衍生词汇 terrifying a. 令人可怕的 经典例句 The terrifying scene shocked everyone. 31. point of view 观点 大纲词汇 viewpoint n. 观点32. fight

37、for 为 而斗争 大纲词汇 fight v./n.打（仗）；搏斗,斗争,战役 经典例句 He died in fighting for freedom. 名师归纳总结 33. claw at 抓,挠爪,脚爪第 10 页,共 34 页 大纲词汇 claw n. 扩充词义 claw v.抓,挠- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 经典例句 The emotional stress of those years still claws at her. 34. objection to 反对 大纲词汇 object v.（to ）反对 objection n.（

38、to ）反对,异议 经典例句 I have no objection to your proposal. 全文翻译凌晨 3：45 进行了最终表决；经过6 个月争辩和最终 16 个小时的国会猛烈辩论,澳大利亚北部地区 （澳北州） 成为世界上第一个答应医生依据绝症病人个 人意愿来终止其生命的合法当局；这一法案是以令人信服的 15 票对 10 票通过；几乎同时, 该消息就显现在互联网上； 身处地球另一端的加拿大死亡权益执行主 席约翰？霍夫塞斯在收到该消息后便通过协会的在线服务死亡之网发了公告；他 说：我们成天都在发布公告, 由于这件事的意义不在于它是在澳大利亚发生的事 情,而是由于这是世界历史的一件

39、大事；要充分懂得这一法案的深刻意义可能需要一段时间；澳北州晚期病人权益法使得无论是内科医生仍是一般市民都同样地力图从道义和实际意义两方面来对 待这一问题；一些人如释重负,另一些人,包括教会,生命权益组织以及澳大利亚医学会成员都对这一决议及其仓促的通过进行了猛烈的抨击；但这一潮流已无 法逆转；在澳大利亚, 人口老龄化, 延长寿命技术和公众态度的变化都发挥着各 自的作用；其他州也将考虑制定类似的法律来处理安乐死问题；在美国和加拿大,死亡权益运动正在积蓄力气；观看家们正在等待多米诺骨牌产生的效应；依据澳北州所通过的这项新法案,成年病人可以要求安乐死- 可能是通过注射致死药剂或服用致死药片- 来终止痛

40、楚；但此前病人必需由两名医生诊断其确实已病入膏肓,然后再经过 7 天的冷静摸索期,方可签署一份申请证明；48 小时后,才可以满意其安乐死的愿望；对于居住于达尔文现年 54 岁的肺癌患者利 奥德？尼克森来说, 这个法律意味着他可以安静地生活下去而无须成天惧怕即将来临的苦难：因呼吸困难而在煎熬中痛楚地死去；从思想上说,我并不行怕死,但我怕的是怎样死, 由于我在医院看到过病人在缺氧时苦苦挣扎,用手抓他们的 面罩时的情形；他说；A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how frien dly, courteous, an

41、d helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exce ptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi d rivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet

42、 it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a tra veler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness an名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - d loneliness were common problems of the

43、 families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sourc es of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, of ten had no

44、where to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable i mpulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of dai ly life: if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him, the re was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especial