2022年高考英语短文改错考点分类解析.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高考英语短文改错考点解析:冠词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用,有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零 冠词的用法区分(包括 a 与 an 的区分);其中,涉及最多的是,当一个单数可数名词表示泛 指时,其前漏用不定冠词;另外,冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点;二、真题单句归纳(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. 开头)(全国卷)(a 改为 an,因 hour 读音以元音(2) I decided to climb the tree to
2、see where we were. (the 改为 a,因此处并非特指,而是泛指)(全国卷)(2) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. (去掉 the,因这里的 books 表泛指,不表特指)(全国卷)(3) Good health is persons most valuable possession. (persons 前加 a,这里的 a 表泛指) (全国卷)(4) Modern people know more about the health , have better f
3、ood, and live in clearer surroundings. (去掉the,因 health 表泛指)(全国卷)a,因这里的public (5) There is public library in every town in Britain. ( public library 前加library 是单数可数名词表泛指,故在其前用a) (全国卷)(6) Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. (a 改为 the,因从含义上看,此处的 winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的)(全国卷)(7) Today
4、I visited the Smiths my first visit to a American family. (a 改为 an,因American 的读音以元音开头)(全国卷)(8) Each player must obey captain , who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠词 the,captain 为特指)(全国卷)(9) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. (the 改为 one,one 与下一行的 another 构成 “一个 另
5、一个 ” ) (全国卷)(10) I ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. (wonderful 前加 a,该表达与 have a good time 类似,其中的 a 不行省)(北京春季卷)(11) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (去掉 a, catch sight of 是习语,意为 “观察、瞥见 ”) (全国卷)名师归纳总结 (12) For example, when I was a child ,
6、the rain was a mystery(秘密);(去掉the,第 1 页,共 38 页rain 在此泛指)(北京春季卷)- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - (13) We may be one family and live under a same roof. ( a 改为 the,因 same 前应用定冠词)(全国卷)(14) As everyone knows , it s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在famous 前加 a,留意mountain 是单数可数名词
7、)(全国卷)(15) My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (my diary 改为“ 写日记 ” ) (全国卷)a diary,keep a diary 意为(16) When I was boy , the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前 加 a,因 boy 为可数名词)(江苏卷)(16) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. (a 改为 the,因这不是
8、泛指的周末,而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)(17) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加 a,指人的一生是 a lifetime ) (浙江卷)(18) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加 the,因这是特指 的一场火灾)(福建卷)(19) As we all le
9、ft home at early age , (early 前加 an,at an early age 意为 “ 在年幼时 ” )(天津卷)(20) My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. (cooker 改为 cook,比较: cook=炊事员, cooker=炊具)(江苏卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital. (2) It wa
10、s such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much. (3) It was raining hard , so I had to borrow a umbrella. (4) My friend Mary comes from an European country. (5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer. (6) In small village like this , everybody knows everybody else. (7) Only f
11、ew of the children can read such books. (8) For long time neither of us spoke to each other. (9) Look , a girl in blue is my cousin. (10) Look ! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful. (11) She asked whether we came from a same city. (12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year roun
12、d. 名师归纳总结 (13) You dont know what wonderful time weve had.第 2 页,共 38 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - (14) People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes. (15) Soon the plane was out of the sight.(16) Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978. (17) In the w
13、ord , he is a good student and all of us like him. (18) You say you took the book without his permission. In the other words, you stole it. 参考答案(1) nurse 前加 a,因 nurse 为可数名词;(2) such 后加 a,dinner 受形容词修饰时,其前通常要加不定冠词;(3) a 改为 an,因 umbrella 的读音以元音开头;(4) an 改为 a,因 European 的读音不是以元音开头;(5) physics 前加 a,因 te
14、acher 为可数名词;(6) small 前加 a,因 village 为可数名词,在句中表泛指;(7) few 前加 a,因其前有 only 修饰,即习惯上说 only a few. (8) long 前加 a,a long time 意为 “ 很长一段时间 ”;(9) a 改为 the,此处为特指用法;(10) 其次个 A 改为 The,特指前面已提到的事物;(11) a 改为 the,因 same 前习惯上用定冠词,不用不定冠词;(12) 去掉 the,在此 snow 为泛指用法;(13) wonderful 前加 a,因have a wonderful time 为习惯表达;(14)
15、 去掉 the,因 make fun of 为习语,意为 “取笑 ”;(15) 去掉 the,因 out of sight 为习语,意为 “看不见 ” ;(16) 去掉 the,因 take place 为习语,意为 “发生 ”;(17) the 改为 a,因 in a word 为习语,意为 “总之 ” 、“ 一句话 ”;(18) 去掉 the,因 in other words 为习语,意为 “换句话说 ”高考英语短文改错考点解析:介词一、考点规律分析短文改错对介词的考查主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语 时漏加介词、可直接用作状语的副词短语前误加介词、介词与其他词的
16、常用搭配、常用介词的 基本用法、习语中的介词用法等;二、真题单句归纳名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 38 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - (1) Bill insisted in staying near the car. (in 改为on, insist on 为固定搭配)(全国卷)(2) Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men. (at 改为 of,catch sight of 是习语,意为 “观察 ” ) (全国卷)(3) When I have free time I go a long
17、walk. (go 后加 for,go for a walk 是习语)(全国卷)(4) When they came down the police were angry to them. ( to 改为 with ,要表示对某人 愤怒,英语习惯上用 be angry with sb ) (全国卷)(5) Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. (去掉for ,因其前的get 是及物动词)(全国卷)(6) and some books, for exam
18、ple, books for history , science, cooking and gardening are also popular. ( books for 改为 books on,此处的on 意为 “关于 ”) (全国卷)(7) I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting. (去掉 about 或将 about 改为 that,因动词 knew 后可直接跟宾语从句,无需用介词)(全国卷)(8) It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway sta
19、tion. (for 改为 of,留意句型 It s kind of sb to do sth ) (全国卷)(9) In fact , they are planning to visit China in next year. (去掉in,在由 next, this, last 等构成的时间短语中,一般可直接用作时间状语,无需加in, on, at 这样的介词)(全国卷)(10) We practise for three times every week. (去掉 词) (全国卷)for ,在表示频率的名词前通常不加介(11) We must keep in mind that we p
20、lay for the team instead ourselves. (instead 后加 of,instead of 为复合介词,在此表示“而不是 ”) (全国卷)(12) Unfortunately , there are too many people among my family. (among 改为 in ,in my family 意为 “ 在我家里 ” ) (全国卷)名师归纳总结 (13) I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing(a lot 后加第 4 页,共 38 页of
21、,因 a lot 不能直接修饰名词)(全国卷)(14) Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday party on Sunday. (on 改为for ,thanks for doing sth 意为 “因某事而感谢某人”) (北京春季卷)(15)So I m really sorry that I won t be able to come in this time. (去掉in,因 this time 可直接用作状语)(北京春季卷)(16) but we do not seem to get much time to talk abo
22、ut together. (去掉about,因 about 后没有接宾语,about 属余外)(全国卷)- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - (17) For instance, on one night he played strong and loud music till four oclock in the morning. (去掉 on,因 one night 可直接用作状语)(北京春季卷)(18) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow
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