2022年中考生物第一部分基础知识第五单元第一讲生物与环境组成生态系统检测复习 .pdf

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1、第 5 单元生物与环境第一讲生物与环境组成生态系统1(广东省)动物必须直接或间接地以绿色植物为食，因此在生态系统中被称为()A生产者 B 消费者 C 摄食者 D 分解者2(广东湛江)蚯蚓是腐食性动物，能将生态系统中的有机物变为无机物，供给绿色植物再利用。蚯蚓在生态系统中属于()A生产者 B 消费者 C 分解者 D 非生物因素3(广东广州)为了保护南极的生态环境，科学工作者不仅要把塑料等难以降解的垃圾带离南极，还要把粪便等生活垃圾带走，这是因为当地的自然环境中()A 生 产 者 过 多B 缺 少 生 产 者C 没 有 消 费 者D很少分解者4(广东阳江)被喻为“地球之肺”称号的生态系统是()A农

2、田生态系统 B 湿地生态系统 C 森林生态系统 D 海洋生态系统5(广东深圳)具有净化水源、蓄洪抗旱作用的生态系统是()A草原生态系统 B 森林生态系统 C 淡水生态系统 D 湿地生态系统6(广东汕头)下图是草原生态系统示意图，该生态系统共有几条食物链？()A4 B 5 C 6 D 7 7(广东广州)在食物链abcde 中，消费者是指()Aabcde B abcd C bcde D e 8(广东惠州)下图为草原生态系统中部分生物构成的食物网简图，下列说法正确的是()A蛇和鹰之间只构成捕食关系B图中最长的食物链是：草鼠鹰C构成完整的生态系统还缺少分解者D若该生态系统受到重金属汞的污染，体内积累汞

3、最多的是鹰9(广东省)在天然的草原生态系统中，狼由于某种疾病而大量死亡，下列最符合较长时间内鹿群数量变化的曲线是()A B C D 10(广东省)如果一个处于稳定状态的生态系统中的四种生物构成食物链的关系，在某一时间内它们的相对数量关系如下图所示。若乙的数量增加，在一段时间内会引起()A丙、丁的数量增加，甲的数量下降 B 甲、丁的数量增加，丙的数量下降C甲、丙的数量增加，丁的数量下降 D 甲、丙、丁的数量都增加11(广东潮州)一个池塘被农药污染，该有毒物质会通过食物链不断积累，在池塘中有一条食物链：浮游植物水蚤鱼鱼鹰，那么该食物链中体内农药含量最多的生物可能是()A浮游植物 B 水蚤 C 鱼

4、D 鱼鹰一、选择题1下列不属于生态系统的是()A 一 块 农 田B 一 条 河 流C 一 片 草 原D森林中的所有动植物2因电影铁道游击队而闻名全国的微山湖是江北最大的淡水湖，有“日出斗金”的美誉，下列描述中属于生态系统的是()A微山湖 B 微山湖的所有植物 C 微山湖的所有动物 D 微山湖的所有生物3(湖北天门)下列属于生产者与消费者关系的是()A小猫吃鱼 B 长颈鹿吃树叶 C 松鼠吃蘑菇 D 黄鼠狼吃鸡4被称为“绿色水库”的生态系统是()A海洋生态系统 B 草原生态系统C森林生态系统 D 湿地生态系统5韶关的北江河里有多种多样的生物，其中属于生产者的是()A鲫鱼 B 浮游动物 C 水藻 D

5、 淤泥6在地球各种各样的生态系统之中，被称为“地球之肾”的是()A农田生态系统 B 森林生态系统C湿地生态系统 D 湖泊生态系统7黄羊、跳鼠等善于奔跑的动物，一般生活的生态系统类型是()A草原生态系统 B 森林生态系统 C 湿地生态系统 D 海洋生态系统8(山东烟台)2 月 2 日是“世界湿地日”。我国目前有22 个国家级湿地公园，海阳市小孩儿口湿地公园是其中之一。以下不属于湿地生态系统特点的是()A湿地是在多水和过湿的环境条件下形成的 B 湿地具有净化水源、蓄洪抗旱的作用C湿地是生物多样性最丰富的生态系统 D 沼泽是最典型的湿地生态系统9在寒温带地区，每到冬季几乎所有的植物都会落叶，植物的光

6、合作用基本停止，但生活在那里的人们并不感到缺氧，原因是()A天气寒冷，人们都在室内活动B其他地区的植物释放的氧气可以流动到这里C由于寒冷，人们的呼吸作用下降D在夏季，植物释放了大量氧气，储存到冬季用(湖南株洲)下图分别表示甲、乙两个生态系统的食物网，据图回答第1013 题：文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G

7、4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文

8、档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK

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10、9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 H

11、X1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8

12、I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 Z

13、Q1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T110甲生态系统的食物网中属于生产者的是()A蛇 B 草 C 猫头鹰 D 鼠11若人类对两食物网中的鼠大量捕杀，则受到影响最严重的生态系统是()A甲生态系统 B 乙生态系统C甲、乙两生态系统受影响程度相同 D 无法判断12乙生态系统中猫头鹰和蛇的关系是()A捕食 B 竞争 C 捕食和寄生 D 捕食和竞争13乙生态系统中蛇的生命活动所需能量归根结底来源于()A鼠 B 草 C 兔 D 阳光14(山东菏泽)在一个相对稳定的草原生态系统中，狼这种动物的数量变化曲线最可能是()A B C D 15某生

14、态系统中，各种生物体内残留的有机汞情况如下表所示，那么该生态系统中最可能的食物链构成是()生物体A B C D E 有机汞浓度/(LL1)0.05 7 0.51 68 0.39 A.DBCEA DAECBD16(湖北咸宁)下图是农田生态系统中两条主要的食物链。如果有人大量捕捉青蛙，短时间内对生态系统造成的影响是()A有利于生态系统的平衡 B 水稻虫害严重C蛇的数量迅速增加 D 田鼠的数量迅速增加17下列生态系统中，自我调节能力最小的是()A森林生态系统 B 湿地生态系统C农田生态系统 D 海洋生态系统18(江西抚州)下列关于生态系统的叙述错误的是()A生态系统中的物质和能量是沿着食物链和食物网

15、流动的B生态系统一旦被破坏，可能引起严重后果C生态系统中生产者、消费者和分解者是相互依存的D生态系统的破坏都可以通过自我调节能力得以恢复19在下列生态系统中，自我调节能力最强的是()文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T

16、1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:

17、CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R

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19、 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2

20、F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4

21、 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R1

22、0G4I6T1A温带草原 B 热带雨林 C 北方针叶林 D 南方阔叶林20地球上所有生物共同的家园是()A生物圈 B 陆地生态系统 C 海洋生态系统 D 城市生态系统二、非选择题21(广东东莞)请据下图回答下列问题：(1)图一是某生态系统中三种生物数量的直方图，若甲、乙、丙构成一条食物链，则可以表示为 _。(2)从三种生物的数量来看，生产者是_。(3)甲、乙、丙的数量会不断地变化，但是在一般情况下，它们的数量和所占的比例是_的。(4)从乙和丙中分别取出细胞放在显微镜下观察，观察结果如图二和图三所示，其中表示乙的体细胞的是图_，表示丙的体细胞的是图_。若该食物链受农药DDT的污染，则积累DDT最

23、多的生物是_。22下图是某池塘生态系统的食物网简图，请据图回答：(1)若作为一个完整的池塘生态系统，除了图中所示的组成成分外，还应包括 _部分和 _者。(2)该生态系统中的生产者是_。(3)食物链是指在一个生态系统中的各种生物由于_ 关系而形成的一种联系。该生态系统中共有_条食物链。23下图是处于平衡状态的某草原生态系统的食物网。请据图分析回答下列问题。(1)这个食物网由 _条食物链构成。(2)此草原中的所有生物及其生活环境共同构成_。(3)对猫头鹰而言，能量消耗最少的食物链是_。(4)如果当地有人开办工厂，导致该生态系统发生了重金属污染，则图中_体内的重金属含量最高。24图一表示生态系统物质

24、循环的全过程，图二表示图一食物链中三种生物体内所含有机物总量的直方图。请据图回答下列问题：文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编

25、码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y

26、1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I

27、10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1

28、A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2

29、H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1

30、R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1图一图二(1)碳在无机环境与各种生物之间以_的形式进行循环。(2)图一中表示的

31、生理过程分别是_和_。(3)图二中 A对应图一中的生物是_。(4)图一所示生态系统中，甲、乙、丙、丁四种成分不可缺少的是_。(5)由于煤和石油的过度使用，造成温室效应，破坏了生态环境。因此我们应积极倡导低碳生活。请举出两种低碳的生活方式：_。25请仔细阅读下面材料，分析并回答问题：据新华社消息，我国自行建立的第一个生物再生生命保障地基有人综合密闭实验系统“月宫一号”完成实验任务，三位实验人员经过105 天的科学实验于20XX 年 5 月 20日成功出舱。“月宫一号”由1 个综合舱和2 个植物舱组成，总面积160 平方米，总体积500 立方米。“月宫一号”是能与地球媲美的“微型生物圈”。可实现航

32、天员在远离地球的太空长期生活的目标。(1)“月宫一号”之所以可称为“微型生物圈”，是因为它具备了构成生物圈的基本要素，即它包含了_圈、_圈和岩石圈。(2)“月宫一号”作为一个生态系统，是由生物成分和_成分组成的。在生物成分中，绿色植物属于_者。(3)“月宫一号”内实验人员的生存不仅需要营养物质，还必须保障生活环境(如空气中氧气含量)的相对稳定性。生态系统具有自我调节的能力，这种调节能力与生态系统成分的复杂程度有关系。“月宫一号”总体积500 立方米，实验人员仅生活了105 天，说明该生态系统的成分相对_，自我调节能力较_。同时，“月宫一号”实验还说明地球仍是人类和其他生物赖以生存的唯一家园。文

33、档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK

34、6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G

35、9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 H

36、X1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8

37、I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 Z

38、Q1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G

39、4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1第 5 单元生物与环境第一讲生物与环境组成生态系统【真题热点专练】1B 解析：消费者是指不能进行光合作用，不能合成自己所需要的有机物，只能以现存的有机物为食，所以食物直接

40、或间接地来自于植物。2C 解析：并不是所有的动物都是消费者，如蚯蚓，蚯蚓能将生态系统中的有机物变为无机物，所以在生态系统中属于分解者。3D 解析：南极地区气候寒冷，分解者很少，分解能力低，故需要将垃圾带离南极。4C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8D 解析：由图中看出，蛇和鹰之间既有捕食关系也有竞争关系；图中最长的食物链是：草鼠蛇鹰，箭头方向表示物质和能量的流动方向；与完整的生态系统相比还缺少非生物环境和分解者。9D 解析：本题研究的食物链是：草鹿狼，当狼大量死亡时，短时间内鹿由于缺乏天敌而迅速大量繁殖，然后鹿的数量增多到一定程度，会由于食物短缺而减少，最后到一定数量后维持相对稳定。10A 解析：根

41、据图中所示，我们知道该食物链是：丙甲乙丁，根据食物链中的食物关系，当乙的数量增加，甲的天敌增多，甲的数量会减少；而丙由于天敌甲减少，所以数量会增加；丁由于乙增加，从而使食物充足，数量也会增加。11D 解析：这种农药会随着食物链不断的积累，营养级别越高，体内农药浓度越高。【演练巩固提升】1D 2.A 3B 解析：在生态系统中，生产者主要是指植物。4C 5.C 6.C 7A 解析：黄羊、跳鼠等善于奔跑的动物适合在开阔的草原上生活。8C 9.B 10.B 11A 解析：由于甲生态系统比乙生态系统简单，若将甲生态系统中的鼠大量捕杀，则猫头鹰和蛇将缺乏食物；若将乙生态系统中的鼠大量捕杀，则对其他生物的影

42、响不大。12D 解析：蛇和猫头鹰都以鼠和兔为食，是竞争关系；同时猫头鹰也捕食蛇，是捕食关系。13D 14D 解析：在生态系统中，生物的数量在不断变化，但一般情况下，生态系统中生物的数量和所占比例是相对稳定的。15C 解析：有毒物质进入生态系统后，通过食物链不断积累，在食物链的层级越高，有毒物质积累越多，但在同一个层级上相差不大。16B 解析：大量捕杀青蛙，使稻蝗的数量增加，水稻的数量减少，水稻减少使田鼠因缺乏食物而减少，所以蛇也减少；另外大量捕杀青蛙也导致蛇因缺乏食物而减少。17C 解析：农田生态系统的生物种类较少，且以农作物为主，人的作用突出，一旦失去了人的管理，作物产量将降低，农田生态系统

43、将被破坏，所以该生态系统的自我调节能力最小。18D 19.B 20.A 21(1)乙甲丙(2)乙(3)相对稳定(4)三二丙22(1)非生物分解(2)水藻(3)食物(或吃与被吃的)5 23(1)4(2)生态系统(3)绿色植物鼠猫头鹰(5)猫头鹰24(1)二氧化碳(2)光合作用呼吸作用(3)丙(4)甲和乙(5)使用双面纸张；用太阳能热水器代替煤炉烧水等文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T

44、1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:

45、CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R

46、3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10

47、 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2

48、F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4

49、 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R1

50、0G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T125(1)大气水(2)非生物生产(3)单一(或较少)差(或弱)文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1R3G9I10 HX1A2F8I2H4 ZQ1R10G4I6T1文档编码:CK6Y1