2022年考研英语二真题答案及解析.docx

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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 年讨论生入学统一考试试题（英语二）Section I Use of English Directions ：Read the following text. Choose the best word s for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. 10 points Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. Bu

2、t defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very _1_, particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule -following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, _2_, a younger sibling._3_, there another sort of parent tha

3、t a bit easier to _4_: a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, _5_ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy _6_. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _7_ and composed style with their kids. I understand this.

4、Youre only human, and sometimes your kids can _8_ you just a little too far. And then the _9_ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too _10_ and does nobody ve all been there. any good. You wish that you could _11_ the clock and start over. We

5、_12_, even though its common, its important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may _13_ for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also _14_ your child-esteem.s selfIf you consistently lose your

6、_15_ with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the _16_ of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emoti

7、onally regulate or maintain emotional control when _17_ by stress is one of the most important of all lifeCertainly, its incredibly _18_ to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when

8、faced with _19_ situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and _20_ from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky 第 1 页,共 19 页 2. A in additi

9、on B for example C at once D by accident3. A fortunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually4. A amuse B assist C describe D train5. A while B because C unless D once6. A answer B task C choice D access7. A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical8. A move B drag C push D send9. A mysterious B ill

10、ogical C suspicious D inevitable10. A boring B naive C harsh D vague11. A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up12. A overall B instead C however D otherwise13. A like B miss C believe D regret14. A raise B affect C justify D reflect细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

11、- 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -15. A time B bond C race D cool16. A nature B secret C importance D context17. A cheated B defeated C confused D confronted18. A terrible B hard C strange D wrong19. A trying B changingC exciting D surprising20. A hide B emerge C withdraw D escape今年完形填空的难

12、度系数很小,基本无生词,长难句也很少；讲的是家长对孩子要有耐心,属于比较生活的话题；下面我们一起来看一下答案及解析；1.【答案】 D tricky 【解析】此处考察词义辨析 +上下文语境；文章首段首句为主题句：每位父母都想成为好的父母；空格句开头为 but,句意上显现了转折, “ 但是如何定义好的父母是个难题”,since 后给出了缘由,“ 由于不同的孩子对待同样的哺育方式反应也是不同的”；tricky 意为“ 麻烦的,困难的”,符合句意；2.【答案】 B for example 【解析】此处考察上下文规律关系；前面说了不同的孩子对待同样的哺育方式反应也是不同的,此句为例证,假如换一种哺育方式

13、,一个冷静而听话的孩子可能会比他的弟弟或妹妹反应更好些；所以用表示举例 分析的 for example 最合适,其他选项另外、有时、意外地都不合适；3.【答案】 A Fortunately 【解析】此处考察副词词义辨析 +上下文语境；空格所在句指出：仍有一类父母描述起来会简洁一些,这类就是特别耐心的父母；第一段告知我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题,这里在上下文文义上是个转折,幸运地是 /仍好,有一类父母比较简洁定义,并且各个年龄段的孩子都可以从他们的哺育方式中获益；应选 Fortunately,其他选项有时,对应地,最终地都不合适；4.【答案】 C describe 【解析】此处考察动词词

14、义辨析 +上下文语境；第一段告知我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题,第二段显现转折说但是有一类父母很好描述 /定义, describe 与 define 相呼应,应选 C 符合句意；5.【答案】 A while【解析】 此处考察上下文规律关系；空格所在句指出： 虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母,但这并不简洁；逗号前后为转折关系,四个选项中while 表转折,选A 符合句意；6.【答案】 B task【解析】此处考察名词词义辨析；虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母,但这不是个简洁的差事 /任务； task意为任务,其余选项答案,挑选,途径 /权限都不合适,应选 B 符合句意；7.【答案】 A tol

15、erant 【解析】此处考察形容词词义辨析；空格所在句指出有时父母会很累很懊丧,这时候对待孩子就很难冷静冷静（ composed）和包涵； tolerant 意为包涵的,应选 A 符合句意；8.【答案】 C push【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境；你也不是圣人/你也只是一般人,而且有时候孩子会把你逼的很紧； push 为督促 /紧逼,此处 选 C；move（移动,使感动） ,drag（拖拽）,send（发送）均不符合句意,故细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结

16、 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -9.【答案】 D inevitable 【解析】此处考察形容词词意辨析+上下文语境；空格前一句指出：有时候孩子会把你逼的很紧；空格后一句指出你会失去耐心,对孩子大吼大叫；那么这是孩子把你逼的很紧的必定结果,inevitable 为无法避免的 /必定的,应选 D 符合句意；10.【答案】 C harsh【解析】此处考察词义辨析 +上下文语境；空格句句意：你会失去耐心并对孩子大吼大叫,而且有时候会说一些很伤人 /薄情的话,对每个人都没好处；依据上下文,something 后面的形容词肯定是贬义的,harsh为刺耳的 /严格的

17、,应选 C；11.【答案】 A turn back【解析】此处考察动词搭配+上下文语境；空格句句意：你会期望时间倒流,一切重新再来；turn back 为（使）往回走, take apart 为拆开 /拆解,set aside为把 .放一旁 /不理睬, cover up 为盖起来, 均不符合句意,应选 A；12.【答案】 C however 【解析】此处考察上下文规律关系；空格句指出：然而,即使是这是很普遍的现象,我们仍是要牢记,哪怕只是一点点的疲乏,都会让你对孩子说一些你会懊悔很久的话；上一段描述了一般情形下父母是如何对孩子失去耐心, 并且这很普遍 （Weve all been there/

18、its common ,空格句对比上一段发生了转折,应选 C；13.【答案】 D regret 【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析 +上下文语境；上一段描述了父母如何对孩子失去耐心,然后又期望时间倒流一切重新再来,那么疲乏时对孩子说的话肯定是会让你懊悔（均不符合上下文,应选 D；14.【答案】 B affectregret）的,其他选项喜爱,错过,信任【解析】考察动宾搭配；结合原文语境,“ 这或许不仅会损害你和孩子之间的关系,而且会 .你的孩子的自尊” 所以这里填上一个动词接后面的宾语自尊心,所以答案只能是 affect,“ 影响自尊心”；而 raise 提高,哺育； justify 证明合理性；

19、reflect 影响,均不能合理搭配；15.【答案】 D cool【解析】此题考察动宾搭配,也是主题复现,cool 有“ 冷静之意； “ 假如你总是对你的孩子失去 .,” 本文始终在探讨的主题就是对孩子要有耐心,因此符合题意的只能是 cool, 而 time 时间,bond 结合,纽带,race竞赛,种族都不符合这里的语境；16.【答案】 C importance【解析】此题考察名词的修饰关系,A of B 的结构中填名词 A,主要参照后面 of 结构对它的修饰作用；Of 结构在这里表示 “ 建立对孩子宽容和耐心的 .” 联系前面说” 我们越来越重视 .”因此符合题意的应当是importanc

20、e“ 重要性”nature,自然、天性；secret 隐秘, context 环境；17.【答案】 D confronted【解析】此题考查动宾搭配,依据此题语境,“ 事实上,在 .压力时心情调剂或维护心情掌握的才能是所有生活技能中最重要的一项”,压力前面应当搭配“ 面对” 故挑选 confronted 其他的 cheated 欺诈, defeated打败, confused 困惑均不符合；细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - -

21、- - - - - - - -18.【答案】 B hard【解析】 此处考察表语形容词；主要参照跟前面的incredible 加起来表示 “ 不行防止的 .始终对孩子保持耐心” 可以先看选项 terrible 糟糕的, strange 古怪的, wrong 错误的,这三个都不能放在此处形成合理搭配,所以 hard 更合适；19.【答案】 A trying【解析】此题考察修饰关系；依据原文语境“ 一个更实际的目标是去尝试,尽你最大的才能,当你面对涉及孩子的 .情形时,尽可能地宽容和冷静”需要父母宽容和冷静的应当是不太好的情形,答案 trying 做形容词表示“ 令人厌烦的” 最合适；changi

22、ng 变化, exciting 兴奋人心的 surprising 令人惊奇的,均不能表达这里的含义；20.【答案】 B emerge【解析】考察动宾搭配,这里的句义是“ 朝着这个目标努力的结果是,你和你的孩子将受益并从很有压力的这些时候 .,在身体和情感上感觉更好”；只有“ 出现, 显现”最符合, 所以挑选emerge, 而 hide 隐匿,withdraw 撤退, escape躲避均为负面含义,故不符合；Section Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questio

23、ns below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings,

24、Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat- one social and one asocial 一 for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chun

25、kier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backward

26、s and side to side Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perc

27、eived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trap

28、ped, says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“ We d assumed we d have to give 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 19 页 - - - -

29、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasnt necessary, ” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research. The finding shows how sens

30、itive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too, ” says Wiles.21. Quin and

31、 her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can_ A pickup social signals from non-living rats B distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one C attain sociable traits through special training D send out warning messages to their fellow 22. What did the social robot do during the experiment.A It

32、followed the social robot.BIt played with some toys.C It set the trapped rats free.DIt moved around alone.23. According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they_ A tried to practice a means of escape B expected it to do the same in return C wanted to display their intelligence Dcons

33、idered that an interesting game 24. James Wiles notes that rats_ Acan remember other rats facial features B differentiate smells better than sizes C respond more to cations than to looks Dcan be scared by a plastic box on wheels 25. It can be learned from the text that rats_ Aappear to be adaptable

34、to new surroundings B are more socially active than other animals C behave differently from children in socializing Dare more sensitive to social cues than expected21. 【答案】 A pick up social signals from non -living rats解析： 此题目为细节题,考察详细细节； 依据题干关键词 Quinn and her colleagues 和 a test 定位到第一段第二句；To find o

35、ut if this extends to non -living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats. 为了查明这是否延长到了非生物,Quinn 和她的同事测试了老鼠能否从机器老鼠身上探测到社会信号；正确答案 A 是原文的同义替换；选项B 的 distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one区分友

36、好的老鼠和敌对的老鼠,并未提及,是常识性干扰；选项 C 的 attain sociable traits through special training 通过特别训练获得社交品质,原文并未提及,属于无中生有；选项 D 的 send out warning messages to their fellow 向它们的同伴发出警告信息,原文并未提及,属于无中生有；22.【答案】 D It moved around alone. 第 5 页,共 19 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习

37、资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -解析：此题目为细节题,考察详细细节；依据题干关键词the asocial robot 和 experiment 定位到第三段最终一句 Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side. 同时,不具有社交能力的机器人只能进行简洁的前后左右移动；正确答案 D It moved around alone. 是原文的同义替换；选项 A的 It followed the social robot. 它跟随具备社交才能的老鼠,与原

38、文the social robot rat followed the living rats around 不符,原文说的是具备社交才能的老鼠跟随真老鼠,属于张冠李戴； 选项 B 的 It played with some toys.它玩一些玩具,与原文不符,原文中说的是具备社交才能的老鼠玩同样的玩具,属于张冠李戴；选项 C 的It set the trapped rats free.它释放了被困的老鼠也与原文内容不符,原文说的同样是具备社交才能的老鼠,而题干问的是不具备社交才能的老鼠在试验中做了什么,属于张冠李戴；23.【答案】 B expected it to do the same in

39、 return解析：此题目为细节题,考察详细细节；依据题干关键词Quinn 和 the rats released the social robots 往下定位到第四五段,第五段最终一句 This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn. Quinn 说：这可能会让老鼠更好地记住早些时候已经释放了机器人,并期望机器人在它们被困住时能回报它们的恩惠；正

40、确答案 B expected it to do the same in return 是原文的同义替换；干扰项A 的 tried to practice a means of escape 试图尝试一种逃跑的方法,原文并未提及, 属于无中生有； 选项 C 的 wanted to display their intelligence 想要展现它们的聪明,文中并未提到,属于无中生有；选项 中也没有表达,属于无中生有；D 的 considered that an interesting game 觉得是个好玩的嬉戏在原文当24.【答案】 C respond more to actions than

41、to looks解析：此题目为细节题, 考察详细细节； 依据题干关键词James Wiles 定位到第六七段, 尾段尾句 We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too, says Wiles. Wiles 说：“ 我们人类好像对机器人很着迷, 事实证明其他动物也很着迷；” 再结合尾段前面部分的阐述,会发觉正确答案C respond more to actions than to looks 对行动的反应多于对外表的反应,是原文的类似表达； 干扰项 A 的 can remembe

42、r other rats facial features 能够记住其他老鼠的面部特点,与原文内容不符,原文第六段说的是假设给予机器老鼠面部特点,那都不重要,属于偷换概念；选项B 的 differentiate smells better than sizes 与体型大小相比,能够更好地区分气味,原文中只提到给予机器老鼠真老鼠的气味,与原文不符,属于偷换概念；选项 D 的can be scared by a plastic box on wheels 盒子,仍是属于偷换概念；会被装有轮子的塑料盒子吓坏,文中机器老鼠只是装有轮子的塑料25.【答案】 D are more sensitive to

43、social cues than expected解析：此题目为推断题,考察基于全文主旨进行推断；题干并没有详细关键词,因此需要通过选项回到文中逐一对应； 正确答案 D are more sensitive to social cues than expected 对社交线索比预期更敏锐,与原文尾段首句 The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. （这一发细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6

44、 页,共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -现显示了老鼠对社交示意的敏锐程度,即使是来自基本机器老鼠的社交示意）属于类似表达；选项 A 的appear to be adaptable to new surroundings 好像能适应新环境,在文中并未提及,属于无中生有；选项 B 的are more socially active than other animals 比其他动物更活跃, 文中只提到其他动物也一样会对机器人着迷,属于偷换概念；干扰项C 的 behave differently fr

45、om children in socializing在社交活动中表现得与孩子不同,与原文内容相反, 原文内容指的是孩子们倾向于把机器人当作人来对待,这一点与老鼠是一样的,属于正反混淆；Text 2即使他们只显示简洁的社会信号；It is true that CEO pay has gone up -top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid -1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500% The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18.9 million a year.The b