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2022年初三化学上学期期末知识点总结 .pdf

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1、.1 可编辑修改，可打印别找了你想要的都有！精品教育资料全册教案，试卷，教学课件，教学设计等一站式服务全力满足教学需求，真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源，打造完美教学模式.2 第一单元：走进化学世界1.化学变化：生成了其它物质的变化。2.物理变化：没有生成其它物质的变化。3.物理性质：不需要发生化学变化就表现出来的性质，如:颜色、状态、密度、气味、熔点、沸点、硬度、水溶性等。4.化学性质：物质在化学变化中表现出来的性质，如:可燃性、助燃性、氧化性、还原性、酸碱性、稳定性等。5.常用仪器及使用方法（1）用于加热的仪器试管、烧杯、蒸发皿、燃烧匙。（2）测容器量筒（视线与量筒内液体凹液面的最低点保

2、持水平）。（3）称量器托盘天平（左物右码）。（4）加热器皿酒精灯。（5）分离物质及加液的仪器漏斗、长颈漏斗、分液漏斗6.化学实验基本操作文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4

3、B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4

4、K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4

5、B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4

6、K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4

7、B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4

8、K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6文档编码:CM8J4P4K1A9 HI7F6X7A4Q4 ZC4B1Q2K4T6.3 第二单元：空气1.组成：N2占 78%、O2占 21%、稀有气体占 0.94%、CO2占 0.03%,其它气体与杂质占 0.03%。2.空气中氧气的测定原理：压强差(1)可燃物要求：足量且产物是固体，红磷。(2)装置要

9、求：气密性良好。操作要求：冷却到室温后打开弹簧夹。(3)现象：放热，有大量白烟产生，打开弹簧夹后，广口瓶内液面上升约 1/5 体积。(4)结论：O2约占空气体积的 1/5。(5)探究液面上升小于1/5 原因：装置漏气，红磷量不足，未冷却完全。能否用铁、镁代替红磷？不能，原因：铁不能在空气中燃烧，镁会与N2、CO2反应。能否用碳、硫代替红磷？不能，原因：产物是气体，不能产生压强差。3.氧气的性质和制备(1)氧气的化学性质：支持燃烧，供给呼吸。文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6

10、H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L

11、6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D

12、4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4

13、R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE

14、9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD

15、5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1

16、N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9.4?铁在氧气中燃烧烧集气瓶中放少量水或细砂的目的：防止溅落的高温熔化物炸裂瓶底。?硫在氧气中燃烧集气瓶中放入少量水的目的：吸收SO2，防止其污染空气。(2)氧气的制备工业制氧气分离液态空气法（原理:液氮和液氧的沸点不同，物理变化）实验室制氧气原理：a.气体制取与收集装置的选择发生装置：固固加热型、固液不加热型（根据反应物的状态和反应条件）收集装置：根据气体的密度、溶解性。文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D

17、4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4

18、R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE

19、9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD

20、5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1

21、N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:

22、CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10

23、HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9.5 b.制取氧气的操作步骤（以高锰酸钾制取氧气并用排水法收集为例）：查装定点收离熄。c.催化剂（触媒）：在化学反应中能改变其他物质的化学反应速率，而本身的质量和化学性质在反应前后都没有发生变化的物质。（一变两不变）。4.常见气体的用途：(1)氧气：供呼吸（如潜水、医疗急救）。支持燃烧（如燃料燃烧、炼钢、

24、气焊）。(2)氮气：保护气（化性不活泼）、重要原料（硝酸、化肥）、液氮冷冻。(3 稀有气体（He、Ne、Ar、Kr、Xe等的总称）：保护气、电光源（通电发不同颜色的光）、激光技术。5.常见气体的检验方法(1)氧气：带火星的木条。(2)二氧化碳：澄清的石灰水。(3)氢气：将气体点燃，用干冷的烧杯罩在火焰上方；或者，先通过灼热的氧化铜，再通过无水硫酸铜。第三单元物质构成的奥秘1.分子文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7

25、K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R

26、9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3

27、I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1

28、T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H

29、4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6

30、T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4

31、H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9.6（1）概念：由分子构成的物质，分子是保持物质化学性质最小的微粒，化学变化中可分。（2）三个基本性质（一小二动三间隔）影响因素（温度、压强）。2.原子（1）概念:原子是化学变化中的最小微粒，在化学变化中不可再分。（2）三个基本性质（一小二动三间隔）。（3）构成：原子核（质子+、中子）和核外电子-。核电荷数=质子数=核外电子数=原子序数相对原子质量质子数+中子数3.离子（1）概念：带电的原子或原子团。（2）表示方法及意义如 Fe3+：一个铁离子带3 个单位正电荷。4.元素（1）

32、概念：具有相同核电荷数（质子数）的一类原子的总称。（2）质子数决定元素种类。（3）元素的化学性质与原子最外层电子数密切相关。注：最外层电子数相同其化学性质不一定都相同（Mg，He最外层电子数为 2）。文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R

33、6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9

34、L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5

35、D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N

36、4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:C

37、E9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 H

38、D5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9.7 最外层电子数不同其化学性质有可能相似（He，Ne均为稳定结

39、构）。5.化合价和化学式（1）化合价a.写法及意义MgCl2：氯化镁中镁元素化合价为+2价。b.几种数字的含义Fe2+每个亚铁离子带两个单位正电荷。3Fe2+：3 个亚铁离子。c.化合物中各元素正、负化合价的代数和为零，单质中元素化合价为零。（2）化学式写法:a.单质：金属、稀有气体及大多数固态非金属通常用元素符号表示它们的化学式；而氧气、氢气、氮气等非金属气体的分子由两个原子构成，其化学式表示为O2、H2、N2。b.化合物：正价在前，负价在后（NH3、CH4除外）。意义如化学式 H2O的意义：4 点，化学式 Fe 的意义：3 点。计算：a.计算相对分子质量=各元素的相对原子质量原子个数之和。

40、b.计算物质组成元素的质量比：相对原子质量原子个数之比。文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T

41、7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4

42、R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T

43、3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H

44、1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6

45、H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L

46、6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9.8 c.计算物质中某元素的质量分数。第四单元：自然界的水1.水（1）水的组成测定方法和原理（电解水）结论：水是由氢氧元素组成的，H2（负极）与 O2（正极）的体积比为 2:1，质量比为 1:8。（2）自来水

47、的净化过程和净化原理沉淀过滤吸附消毒。活性炭作用：吸附（色素和异味）。区分硬、软水方法：肥皂水。水的两种软化方法：（生活中）煮沸，（实验室）蒸馏。2.物质分类混合物：由两种或两种以上纯净物组成，各物质都保持原来的性质。纯净物：由一种物质组成。单质：由同种元素组成的纯净物。化合物：由不同种元素组成的纯净物。氧化物：由两种元素组成的化合物中,其中有一种元素是氧元素。文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R

48、6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9

49、L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5

50、D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N4R6H4R9文档编码:CE9L6T3I5X10 HD5D4H1T7K8 ZH1N

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关键词：: 2022年初三化学上学期期末知识点总结 2022 年初化学学期期末知识点总结

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