2022年人教A版数学必修二4.2.3《直线与圆的方程》的应用 .pdf

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1、名师精编优秀教案423 直线与圆的方程的应用一、知识导学：1、理解直线与圆、圆与圆的位置关系的几何性质；2、利用平面直角坐标系解决直线与圆、圆与圆的位置关系的有关问题；3、会用“数形结合”的数学思想解决问题，理解用坐标法解决几何问题的步骤。二、基础知识回顾：1、判断两条直线1l、2l的位置关系：通过解方程组确定交点坐标。已知两条直线1l：0111CyBxA，2l：0222CyBxA，（1）1l与2l相交_；（2）1l与2l平行_；（3）1l与2l重合_。2、两点间、点到直线、两条平行线间的距离：距离及应用条件公式及说明两点间的距离已知两点111(,)P xy，222(,)P xy1、公式：_

2、_；2、原点(0,0)O与任一点(,)P x y的距离d=_。点到直线的距离已知点00(,)P xy，直线:0lAxByC1、公式：_；2、当 A=0或 B=0时，公式仍成立；3、原点(0,0)O到直线l的距离d=_。两条平行线间的距离1l：10AxByC，2l：20AxByC，1、转化为点到直线的距离求解；2、公式：_。3、圆的标准方程：_。它表示以 _为圆心，以 _为半径的圆。4、圆的一般方程：220 xyDxEyF。配方得 _。（1）当2240DEF时，表示以 _为圆心，以 _为半径的圆；（2）当2240DEF时，表示一个点_；（3）当2240DEF时，它不表示任何图形。5、设直线l：0

3、AxByC，圆 H：220 xyDxEyF，圆的半径为r，圆心 H)2,2(ED到直线l的距离为d，其中：r_，d_。则：位置关系公共点个数d与r的关系方程组解的个数相交相切相离6、设两圆半径分别为1r，2r，连心线长为d，则：位置关系公共点个数d与1r，2r的关系方程组解的个数公切线条数外离外切相交内切内含名师精编优秀教案PP2OA4A3A2A1BA当两圆外离时，它们的外公切线长为_；内公切线长为_。切线长定理：从圆外一点引圆的两条切线，他们的切线长_，_平分两条切线的夹角。我们知道，圆内接四边形的_相等；圆外切四边形的_相等。三、例题解析：1、如图是某圆拱形桥一孔圆拱的示意图，这个圆的圆拱

4、跨度AB=20m，拱高 OP=4m，建造时每间隔4m需要用一根立柱支撑，求支柱 A2P2的高度（答案用根式表示）。2、已知内接于圆的四边形的对角线互相垂直，求证圆心到一边的距离等于这条边所对边长的一半。3、已知圆的半径3r，圆心在抛物线244yxx上，直线20 xy被这个圆截得的弦长为2 7，求这个圆的方程。小结：用坐标法解决几何问题的步骤：第一步：建立适当的平面直角坐标系，用坐标和方程表示问题中的几何元素，将平面几何问题转化为代数问题；第二步：通过代数运算，解决代数问题；第三步：将代数运算结果“翻译”成几何结论四、达标训练：文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9

5、A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1

6、G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码

7、:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9

8、L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H

9、3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B

10、5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5

11、Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8名师精编优秀教案PABCDE1、直线220 xy被圆22(3)9xy所截得的弦长为_。2、某圆拱桥的水面跨度是20m，圆拱高为4m，则这座圆拱桥的拱圆的方程为_；现有一船，宽10m，水面以上高3m，这条船 _（填能或不能）从桥下通过。3

12、、过点 A（-4，7）的圆2213xy的切线方程是_。4、已知直线6210 xy和340 xy是某圆的两条切线，则该圆的面积是_。5、圆22420 xyxyc与直线340 xy相交于 A、B两点，圆心为 P，若 APB=90 o，则c的值为 _。6、圆2224110 xyxy关于点 P（-2，1）对称的圆的方程为_。7、若 M（3，0）是圆2282100 xyxy内一点，则过 M点最长的弦所在直线的方程是_。8、若直线(1)10a xy与圆2220 xyx相切，则a的值为 _。9、若点(,)x y满足2264120 xyxy，则yx的最大值和最小值分别是_和_；22xy的最大值和最小值分别是_

13、和_；xy的最大值和最小值分别是_和_；10、自点 P（-3，3）发出的光线l经x轴反射，其反射线所在的直线正好与圆224470 xyxy相切，则光线l所在直线的方程为_。11、直线l将圆22240 xyxy平分且不通过第四象限，则l的斜率的取值范围是_。12、已知圆224xy，直线:lyxb。若圆224xy上恰有 3 个点到直线l的距离都等于1，则b_。13、若圆222(0)xyrr上恰有相异两点到直线43250 xy的距离等于1，则r的取值范围是_ _。14、等边 ABC中，点 D，E分别在边 BC，AC上，且1|3BDBC，1|3CECA，AD，BE相交于点P，求证：AP CP。15、已

14、知点A（-2，-2），B（-2，6），C（4，-2），点P在圆224xy上运动，求222|PAPBPC的最大值和最小值。文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7

15、 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3

16、O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8

17、文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:C

18、M9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L1

19、0A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3

20、HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8名师精编优秀教案yxBAP0O16、如图，圆22

21、8xy内有一点0(1,2)P，AB为过点0P且倾斜角为的弦。（1）当135时，求 AB的长；（2）当弦 AB被点0P平分时，写出直线 AB的方程。文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3

22、 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5

23、H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q

24、7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A

25、3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G

26、8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8文档编码:CM9U9L10A1H3 HN1B5H10Z5Q7 ZD9A3O8C1G8

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关键词：: 直线与圆的方程 2022年人教A版数学必修二4.2.3直线与圆的方程的应用 2022 年人教数学必修 4.2 直线方程应用

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