888综合考试(英美文学40分语言学30分英美概况40分翻译40分)2003(2003有答案).docx

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1、北京第二外国语学院2003年硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试科目：综合考试(英美文学)满分：40分A. the farce B. the romanceC. the melodrama2. Geoffrey Chaucers language, now called _, is vivid and exact.A. Old English B. Middle EnglishC. Primitive English3. Apart from its religious significance, _ has had a great influence on English language and l

2、iterature.A. the King Arthur Bible B. the King George BibleC. the King James Bible4. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus was written by _.A. Christopher Marlowe B. John MiltonC. William Shakespeare5. John Dome (1573-1631), the founder of the _ school of poetry, lived and wrote during the successi

3、ve reigns of Elizabeth to Charles I.A. MetaphoricalB. MetamorphicC. Metaphysical6. Essay on Criticism, a didactic poem written by Alexander Pope in heroic couplets, tells the poets and critics how to write and appreciate poetry according to the principles set up by the old_ writers.A. Anglo-Saxon B.

4、 Greek and Roman C. French and German7. The following quotation is taken from William Blakes The Marriage of Heaven and Hell- “What is now proved was once only .”A. imagind B. reasond C. learnd8. William Wordsworth, _have often been mentioned as the “Lake Poets” because they lived in the lake distri

5、ct in the northwestern part of England.A. John Keats and William Butler YeatsB. Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert SoutheyC. George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley9. Walter Scotts historical novels may be conveniently divided into three groups according to their subject-matter, namely, the gro

6、up on the history of_, the group on English history, and the group on the history of European countries. A. Scotland B. WalesC. Northern Ireland10. Matthew Arnold said, “It is of the last importance that English criticism should clearly discern what rule for its course, in order to avail itself of t

7、he field now opening to it; and to produce fruit for the future it ought to take. The rule may be summed up in one word _.”A. disobedience B. disinterestednessC. disconnectednessA. the early colonial period B. the pre-colonial periodC. the pre-Christian period12. Puritan influence over American roma

8、nticism was conspicuously noticeable. One of its palpable manifestations was the fact that American romantic writers tended more_ than their English and European brothers.A. to socialize B. to philosophize C. to moralizeA. Benjamin Franklin B. Henry David ThoreauC. Ralph Waldo Emerson14. Henry David

9、 Thoreau helped Ralph Waldo Emerson edit the Transcendentalist journal The Dial, and was susceptible to oriental influences such as Hinduism and_A. ConfucianismB. MaterialismC. Epicureanism15. A handy way of seeing modem American poetry is to find its sources in the two founts, _.A. Wallace Stevens

10、and Sylvia PlathB. Walt Whitman and Emily DickinsonC. Robert Frost and Elizabeth Bishop16. Although William Dean Howells, Henry James and Mark Twain all worked for_, there were obvious differences between them. In thematic terms, for instance, James wrote mostly of the upper reaches of American soci

11、ety, and Howells concerned himself chiefly with middle class life, whereas Twain dealt largely with the lower strata of society.A. naturalism B. neoclassicism C. realism17. The reason that Ezra Pound and Amy Lowell found value in Chinese poetry was because Chinese poetry is, by virtue of the ideogra

12、phic and pictographic nature of the Chinese language, essentially _ poetry.A. impressionisticB. imagisticC. expressionisticA. The Gilded Age B. The Sun Also RisesC. Tender Is the Night19. Both Beyond the Horizon and The Hairy Ape were written by_. A. Eugene ONeill B. Arthur MillerC. Sinclair Lewis20

13、. _ career reached its exciting climax in 1976 when he was awarded the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize for Literature.A. Saul Bellows B. John SteinbecksC. William FaulknersII. Read the following poem by William Butler Yeats, and answer the three questions (10 points):Turning and turning in the wi

14、dening gyreThe falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhereThe ceremony of innocence is drowned;The best lack all conviction, while the worstAre full of passionate intensity.Surely som

15、e revelation is at hand;When a vast image out of Spirtus MundiTroubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desertA shape with lion body and the head of a man,A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun,Is moving its slow thighs, while all about itReel shadows of the indignant desert birds.The darkness drop

16、s again; but now I knowThat twenty centuries of stony sleepWere vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle,Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?1. What images are used in the first stanza? What do they indicate respectively?2. What are the implications of the description of the “rough beast” in the sec

17、ond stanza?3. Why do you think the poem ends with a question mark?III. The following excerpt is taken from the short story A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway. Read it, and answer the three questions (10 points):“Good night,” said the younger waiter.“Good night,” the other said. Turning

18、off the electric light he continued the conversation with himself. It is the light of course, but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor can you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these

19、hours. What did he fear? It was not fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was ail a nothing and a man was nothing too. It was only that the light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it all was nada y pues nada y nada

20、 y pues nada. Our nada who art in nada, nada be thy name thy kingdom nada thy will be nada in nada as it is in nada. Give us this nada our daily nada and nada us our nada as we nada our nadas and nada us not into nada but deliver us from nada; pues nada. Hail nothing full of nothing, nothing is with

21、 thee. He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee machine. “Whats yours?” asked the barman. “Nada.” “Otro loco mas,” said the barman and turned away. “A little cup,” said the waiter. The barman poured it for him. “The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpoli

22、shed,” the waiter said. The barman looked at him but did not answer. It was too late at night for conversation. “You want another copita?” the barman asked. “No, thank you,” said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, withou

23、t thinking further, he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it.1. What is the significance of the parodied Lords Prayer?2. Why does the older waiter think that

24、a clean, well-lighted cafe is “a very different thing”? 3. What is the significance of the last sentence of the story (“Many must have it.”)?考试科目：综合考试(语言学部分) 满分：30分I. Fill in each blank with a proper term. (15 points )1. Linguistics is usually defined as the _study of language.2. One general princip

25、le of linguistic analysis is the primacy of speech over_3.In Sanssures view, the relationship between signifier(sound image) and signified (concept) is_4. The branch of linguistics which studies the sound patterns of a language is called _5. A _ morpheme is one that cannot constitute a word by itsel

26、f.6. The branch of general linguistics which is named _studies the internal structure of sentences.7. The _relation, which was originally called associative relation by Saussure, is a relation holding between elements replaceable with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between one e

27、lement present and the others absent.8. The sense relation between “A lent a book to B” and “B borrowed a book from A” is _.9. The sound k can be described with “voiceless, _, stop”.11. Antonyms like “husband” v. “wife” are _ antonyms.12. Terms like “desk” and “stool” are _of the term “furniture”.13

28、. According to G. Leech, _ meaning refers to logic, cognitive, or denotative content.14. IC is the short form of immediate _. used in the study of syntax.15. Chomsky initiated the distinction between_ and performance.II. Choose the correct one among the three choices for each statement. (5 points)1.

29、 A sound which is capable of distinguishing one word or one shape of word from another in a given language is a_.A. allophone B. phone C. phoneme2. The _is the minimal distinctive trait in grammar, a unit which cannot be divided without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether it is l

30、exical or grammatical.A. morpheme B. phoneme C. syllable3. Words like pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles are _ items.A. open-class B. closed-classC. neither open-class nor closed-class A. bound B. free C. both bound and free5. When language is used to get information from others, it serv

31、es an_ function.A. informative B. directive C. interrogative. Give the phonetic term for each of the following locations in articulation. (4 points)1. Both lips 2. Teeth 3. Opening between vocal cords 4. Ridge behind upper teethIV. Tell if each of the following statements is true or false. If you th

32、ink it false, correct it.(6 points)1. All syllables contain three parts: onset, nucleus and coda.2. Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades.3. The most important sociological use of language is the performative function, by which peopl

33、e establish and maintain their status in society.考试科目：综合考试(英美概况)满分：40分Instruction:I. Choose the correct answer from the following four choices: (10分)1. In England, the Protestant Reformation began with A. Bloody MaryB. Queen Elizabeth C. King Henry D. King Henry 2. Victorianism was characterized by

34、the following exceptA. It was in an age of imperialism.B. It was the great progress in social sciences.D. It was an age when the Battle of Waterloo was won by the Duke of Wellington.A. six JudgesB. seven JudgesC. eight Judges D. nine Judges 4. The pilgrims were able to survive in America because A.

35、they received help from the Indians.C. many ships brought them food from England. 5. Which of the following did not take place in the 1960s?A. The Anti-Viet Nam War Movement.B. The Anti-Drug Movement.C. Womens Liberation Movement. D. Public protests by blacks and other minority groups.II .Explain th

36、e following in English. (20 分)1. the pioneer spirit2. the American Dream3. John Locke4. the separation of powers5. The Boston Tea Party. Answer the following question. (10分) Describe the diversity of the physical conditions of the U.S.A.考试科目：翻译满分：40分一、英译汉（20分）Pico lyer二、汉译英（20分）说明：下为“做一个勤奋乐群的华人”一文的节

37、选。在翻译之前，考生需要仔细阅读全段，然后将全段（不包括标题）译成英语并将译文写在“答卷”纸上。本段落翻译需在20分钟内完成。做一个勤奋乐群的华人访秘鲁著名华人企业家沈根源沈根源先生虽不善言辞，但为人豁达大度，热心秘鲁侨团的各项公益事业。去年中国长江水灾，他慷慨捐助：此次旅秘华侨纪念华人抵秘150周年，他更是大力支持，不但捐助筹备工作，在整个活动期间还承担了大题的组织和接待工作，为侨众推崇称道。正如萧耀南先生说，以沈为代表的秘鲁华人以自己勤劳的双手和卓越的智慧，创造了一个又一个的辉煌，赢得了秘鲁社会的信任和尊重。北京第二外国语学院2003年硕士研究生入学考试试卷参考答案综合考试（英美文学部分）

38、(A, B or C) under each (20 points):1. B. the romance2. B. Middle English3. C. the King James Bible4. A. Christopher Marlowe5. C. Metaphysical6. B. Greek and Roman7. A. imagind8. B. Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey9. A. Scotland10. B. disinterestedness11. A. the early colonial period12. C.

39、to moralize13. C. Ralph Waldo Emerson14. A. Confucianism15. B. Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson16. C. realism17. B. imagistic18. C. Tender Is the Night19. A. Eugene ONeill20. A. Saul BellowsII. 1. Images: widening gyre, falcon and falconer, and blood-dimmed tide.Widening gyre is an important symbol

40、often used by Yeats to indicate the journey of life and history. Falcon and falconer indicate the situation of the modern world. The modern world is out of control just as falcon is beyond the control of the falconer. Blood-dimmed tide may refer to WWI, Russian Revolution as well as the troubles in

41、Ireland. 2. The “rough beast” refers to the beast of Apocalypse in Revelation. It represents the antichrist, who is powerful and destructive.III. 1. The parody shows that great existential nothingness turns the Catholic faith in a loving God into a horrible travesty. In the purposeless world, everyt

42、hing including Lords Prayer is nothing and can be made fun of. 3. It tells the truth that many people are just like the elderly waiter who is frustrated by the purposeless and meaningless life and thus cannot fall asleep. （语言学部分）参考答案KEYI. I scientific 2. writing 3. arbitrary 4. phonology 5. bound 6.

43、 syntax 7. paradigmatic8. synonymy 9. velar 10. displacement 11. converse 12. (co-)hyponyms 13. conceptualII. 1. C. 2.A. 3.B 4.B 5. CIII. l. labial 2. dental 3. glottal 4. alveolarIV. 1. F. 2. F. Narrow transcription is intended to do so. 3. F. interpersonal function rather thanperformative one.（英美概

44、况部分）参考答案Key:I. 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.BII. 1. spirit of venture, exploration, courage 2. freedom, equal opportunity for individual developing 3. English philosopher and thinker who advocate natural law 4. check and balance, division of power into three branches, legislative, executive and judicial 5. to

45、protest against Great Britain to levy tax on the coloniesIII. From west to east: coastal valley, mountains, deserts, great plain, river system,S+N mountain, coastal plains, rocky hills in N.E.综合考试(翻译部分)参考答案一、英泽汉(20分)给眼前的句子加上个逗号，大脑真的就得停下来想一想：若随意把它去掉，或把它给忘了，大脑就少了一个间歇，尽管如此，逗号仍得不到人们的重视在人们看来，它不过是一个小撇，不过是书呆子笔下的一个小点儿、我们意识边缘上的一个记号，甚至是搀字工人身上的一迹污渍我们好说物以小为贵(尤其在集成电路时代)然而，还有什么东西像逗号那样被频频使用而又那样的默默无闻呢一它本身不也是气吗?二、汉译英(20分)翻译考试评分标准一、英泽汉(20分)说明：英译汉部分共有10个“意群”，对每个意群的评分标准如下：1错译核心词(或关键词)减1分；2错译短语(或搭配词组)减1分；3漏泽每个意群中的任何成分减1分；4每个词、词组的译文不准确减0.5分；5