2023年考研英语二真题及答案.docx

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1、 SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDonANSWERSHEET1(10points)Inourcontemporaryculture，theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearableEveryonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones，even

2、withouta1undergroundItsasadreality-ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings-becausetheres2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldntknowit，3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4：Pleasedontapproachme.Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?Oneanswerisfear,accordin

3、gtoJonWortmann,executivementalcoachWefearrejection，orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6ascreep,WefearweIIbe7WefearweIIbedisruptiveStrangersareinherently8tous，sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintancesToavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphones.Phonesbecomeoursec

4、urityblanket，Wortmannsays.Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.Butonceweripoffthebandaid，tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup，itdoesnt12sobad.Inone2023experiment，behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta13.Theyhad

5、Chicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14.WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidntexpectapositiveexperience,afterthe

6、y17withtheexperiment,notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed. 18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.Itsthat20:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.1.AticketBpermitCsignallDrecord2.Anothin

7、gBlinkCanotherDmuch3.AbeatenBguidedCpluggedDbrought4.AmessageBcedeCnoticeDsign5.AunderBbeyondCbehindDfrom6.AmisinterpreteBmisappliedCmisadjustedDmismatched7.AfiredBjudgedCreplacedDdelayed8.AunreasonableBungreatfulCunconventionalDunfamiliar9.AcomfortableBanxiousCconfidentDangry10.AattendBpointCtakeDt

8、urn11.AdangerousBmysteriousCviolentDboring12.AhurtBresisCbendDdecay13.AlectureBconversationCdebateDnegotiation14.AtraineesBemployeesCresearchersDpassengers15.ArevealBchooseCpredictlDdesign16.AvoyageBflightCwalkDride17.AwentthroughBdidawayCcaughtupDputup18.AInturnBInparticularCInfactDInconsequence19.

9、AunlessBsinceCifDwhereas20.AfunnyBsimpleCIogicalDrare答案：1.signal2.Much3.plugged4.message5.behind6.misinterpreted7.judged8.unfamiliar9.anxious10.turn11.dangerous12.hurt13.Conversation14.passengers15.predict16.ride17.wentthrough18.infact19.since20.SimpleSectionReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Text1

10、Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.Peopleartactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeoplescortntlol.Whichisitatstressmarker.Whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge. Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenasw

11、ellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,writesoneoftheresearchers.SarahDamaske,Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratwork.Shenotes.itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeingbappicrathomethanatwork,Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrcnandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypcoplcwh

12、oworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesntmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhentheyreathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyof

13、tenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,itsnotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butitsnotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhattheyresupposedtobedoing:working,makingmoney,

14、doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobe

15、done,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,oriftheyreteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,theyreyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soitsnotsurprisin

16、gthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.21.AccordingtoParagraph1，mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome_AwasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxationBgeneratedmorestressthantheworkplaceCwasanidealplaceforstressmeasurementD offeredgreaterrelaxationth

17、antheworkplace 22.AccordingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?AWorkingmothersBChildlesshusbandsCChildlesswivesDWorkingfathers23Theblurringofworkingwomensrolesreferstothefactthay_AtheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewivesBtheirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingbackCthereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehindDiti

18、sdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice24.Thewordmoola(Line4，Para4)mostprobablymeans_AenergyBskillsCearningsDnutrition25.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat_AhomeishardlyacozierworkingenvironmentBdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutChouseholdtasksaregenerallymoremotivatingDfamilylaborisoftenadeq

19、uatelyrewarded答案：21.Dofferedgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace22. Bchildlesshusbands 23.Atheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives24.Cearnings25.Bdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutText2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstude

20、ntsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreatedaparadoxinthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents

21、,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhascontinuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthancloseachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisprobl

22、em,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindinsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedthepro

23、ject)atanunnamedprivateuniversityFirstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants，afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed，whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-y

24、eardegreeTheirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudentsTheycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrow

25、edtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation，learntherulesofthegame，andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdonttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecause

26、UScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudentseducationalexperience，manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove 26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshasAreducedtheirdropoutratesBnarrowedtheachievementgao

27、CmisseditsoriginalpurposeDdepressedcollegestudents27TheauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecauseAtheproblemissolvableBtheirapproachiscostlessqtherecruitingratehasincreasedDtheirfindingappealtostudents28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudentsAstudyatprivateuniversitiesBarefromsingle-par

28、entfamiliesqareinneedoffinancialsupportDhavefailedtheircollage29.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudentsAareactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgapBcanhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudentsCmaylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojectsDareinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege30.

29、Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat-Auniversitiesoftenrectthecultureofthemiddle-classBstudentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresourcesCsocialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiencesDcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion答案：26.Cmisseditsoriginalpurpose27.Atheproblemissolvable28.Carei

30、nneedoffinancialsupport29.Dareinexperiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege30.DcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionText3Evenintraditionaloffices，thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago，saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehn

31、Shestartedspinningoffexamples.IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990，wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikeJourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals，therewerestrategies，therewereobjectives，butwedidnttalkaboutenergy；wedidnttalkaboutpassion.Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabulary

32、isveryteam-oriented-andnotbycoincidence.LetsnotforgetsDorts-inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica，itsstillabigdeal.Itsnotexplicitlyconscious；itstheideathatImacoach，andyouremyteam，andwereinthistogethec.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies，butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamand

33、theywanttowin.Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning-and，asKhuranapointsout，increaseallegiancetothefirm.Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations：Termslikevision，values，passion，andpurpose，saidKhurana Thisnewfocu

34、sonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalanceThemommywarsofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcanthaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandbergsLeanIn，whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.Termslikeunplug，offline，life-hack，

35、bandwidth，andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehomeButifyourworkisyourpassion,youIIbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit，evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbedButthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeak：Everyonemakesfunofit，butmanagersloveit，companiesdep

36、endonit，andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbitAsNunbergsaid，Youcangetpeopletothinkitsnonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.Inaworkplacethatsfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaningofficespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork-andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare31.AccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelang

37、uagehasbecome_AmoreemotionalBmoreobjectiveClessenergeticDlessenergeticElessstrategic32.team-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto_AhistoricalincidentsBgenderdifferenceCsportscultureDathleticexecutives33.Khuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto_ArevivehistoricaltermsBpromotecompan

38、yimageCfostercorporatecooperationDstrengthenemployeeloyalty34.ItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn_AvoicesforworkingwomenBappealstopassionateworkaholicsCtriggersdcbatesamongmommiesDpraisesmotivatedemployees35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeak?AManagersadmireitbutavoiditBLinguistsbelieveittobenonsenseCCompaniesfindittobefundamentalDRegularpeoplemockitbutacceptit答案： 31.Amoreemotional32.Csportsculture33.Dstrengthenemployeeloyalty34.Avoicesforworkingwomen35.CcompaniesfindittobefundamentalText4Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreporledforJure,a