2023年人教版七年级上册英语知识点全总结.doc
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1、七年级上册Unit1-7一. 考点归纳1. Hello, Gina. Good morning. 嗨,吉娜。早上好。英文中常用的问候语及其回答:Hello. Hello.Hi. Hi.Good morning. Good morning.Good afternoon. Good afternoon.Good evening. Good evening.Good night. Good night.晚安。(晚上分别时)How do you do? 你好。(初次见面时互相问好) How do you do? 你好。How are you? 你好吗?(已相识者问对方好?)Fine, thank yo
2、u.好,谢谢。2. Sorry, Im late. 对不起,我迟到了。sorry “对不起” 用于引出某一过错。 Excuse me. “对不起” 用于引起对方的注意。例如: 1)Im sorry I cant speak English.对不起,我不会说英语。 2)Excuse me, is this your backpack?打扰一下,这是你的背包吗?3. Nice to meet you! 不久乐结识你!-Nice to meet you, too!4. Whats this in English? 这个用英语怎么说?1) 同义句:Whats the English for this?
3、2) 用什么语言,介词用in: “in + 某种语言”. 例如:in English 用英语 in Chinese 用汉语 in Japanese 用日语5. Lets learn English. 让我们学英语。(一) lets = let us 让我们Lets learn English.让我们学习英语吧。= Why not learn English?为什么不学习英语呢?= What/How about learning English? 学习英语怎么样?为什么不:why not +do; why dont you(二) let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 例如:Let me
4、play the guitar.注意:1)let sb. do sth. 中的sb.若是代词要用宾格形式。 Let her sing an English song. 2)let sb. do sth. 中的sb.即使是第三人称单数后面的动词仍用原形,例如: Let him play soccer. 3)learn from 向学习, 例如:Let us learn from Lei Feng.让我们向雷锋学习。4 ) learn to do sth.学会干某事 例如:He learns to speak a little French.他学会说一点法语。6. What color is th
5、is sweater? 这个毛衣是什么颜色?1) 对颜色提问的两种方法:What color ? = Whats the color of ? 例如:What color is your sweater? = Whats the color of your sweater?你的毛衣是什么颜色?What color are these pants? 这些裤子是什么颜色?2) color是可数名词,例如:I dont like these colors.我不喜欢这些颜色。7. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字?1) 对姓名的几种提问及回答:Whats your name? = May
6、 I have/know your name?My name is=my names = Im 2) 姓氏:family name / last name 名字: first /given name 全名:full name 8. Is this your dictionary? 这是你的字典吗?答:Yes, it is. / No, it isnt. 例如: Is that your brothers backpack? -Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.9. Call John at 495-3539. 给约翰打电话495-3539。Please call Gina,
7、her phone number is 2684753.=Please call Gina at 2684753.问电话号码: whats your telephone number? = what your phone number?10. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感谢你的全家福照片。1) Thanks. = Thank you. () 感谢你。2) Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 为而感谢你。例如: Thanks for your help.=Thanks for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。3) the
8、 photo of your family=your family photo你的全家福照片11. Here is my family photo. 这是我的全家福照片。1)倒装句式:副词谓语主语(名词)Here is your letter.这是你的信。介词短语谓语主语(名词) On the dresser is my photo.介词主语(代词)谓语 Here you are. 给你。2) Here is/ are. .常用于把某物递给说话的对象This is . .也表达“这是。”但通常用于介绍;12. Please take these things to your brother.
9、请把这些东西带给你弟弟。take, bring, carry 和get的区别:1)take “带走”,从近处带到远处,例如: Please take these books to your home after school.放学后把这些书带回你的家。bring “带来”,从远处带来,例如:Please bring me some books.请给我带些书来。2) get “去拿来”,相称于go and bring,例如: Can I get my pen?我可以去把我的钢笔拿来吗?3) carry ”搬动”, 无方向,Can you help me carry this case?能帮我搬这
10、个箱子吗?13. I need my hat, my ID card, my notebook and my pencils. 我需要我的帽子,身份证,笔记本和铅笔。 need v. 需要 1) need sth./sb. “需要” 例如:She really needs these books. 她真的需要这些书。2) need to do sth. “需要做” 例如:I need to listen to some relaxing music.我需要听一些令人放松的音乐。14. There are some books in the bookcase. 书柜里有些书。There be 句
11、型1)构成及意义There be + n. + 某处. 在某处有什么。例如:There is an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妆台上有一个闹钟。There are some keys in the drawer.抽屉里有一些钥匙。2) 否认式 例如:There isnt a baseball on the floor.地上没有一个棒球。There arent any books in the bookcase. 书柜里没有一些书。3) 疑问句及回答例如:Is there an alarm clock on the dresser?.梳妆台上有一个闹钟吗?Yes ,
12、there is.是的,有。No, there isnt.不,没有。4)There be句型的就近原则:若有两个或两个以上的主语是,谓语常与靠近它的那个主语一致。例如:There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table.There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table.5)变疑问句或否认句时,应将原句中的some改为any。6)对不可数名词的数量提问:比较问的对象不同样:There is some broccoli in the bowl(碗).碗里有些花椰菜。How much br
13、occoli is there in the bowl(碗)? 碗里有多少花椰菜?How many bowls of broccoli are there on the table?有多少碗花椰菜? 答:There are three bowls of broccoli on the table. 有三碗花椰菜在桌子上。7)在变特殊疑问句时,不要忘掉加are(is) there。How manypeople are there in the room? ()房间里有多少人?How many people in the room? ()8)需要强调状语时,可以将状语提前。On the table
14、 there is only one tennis racket.在桌子上只有一个网球拍。9)与have的区别:have表达某人或某物拥有什么;I have a book.我有一本书。There be表达在什么地方存在什么。15. I want to join your school sports center.我想加入你们学校的体育中心。 want 想,想要1) want + sth./sb. “想要” 例如:I want two hamburgers.2) want to do sth. “想要做” 例如:He wants to join the reading club.他想加入阅读俱乐
15、部3) want sb. (not) to do sth. “想某人(不)做什么” 例如:My mother wants me to write English words every day.我的母亲想要我天天写英语单词。He wants that boy not to play soccer in the classroom.他想要那个男孩不在教室里踢足球。16. Welcome to our sports center. 欢迎到我们体育中心来。17. Ed Smith has a great sports collection.Ed Smith有丰富的体育用品收藏。1)名词修饰名词:一般
16、情况下变复数时,只有被修饰的名词变为复数形式,例如:apple tree apple trees 苹果树 toy train toy trains玩具火车2)假如修饰词为man, woman则两个名词都要变为复数形式,例如:woman doctor-women doctors 女医生man teacher -men teachers 男教师3)有的名词自身常以复数形式出现,例如:clothes shop-clothes shops服装店 sports center-sports centers体育中心4)丰富的钢笔收藏:a great/big pen collection 很小的钢笔收藏:a
17、small pen collection18. He only watches them on TV. 他只在电视上观看它们。1) 看:watch, see, look, read例如:watch TV/ a movie/ a football game观看电视/电影/足球比赛see a film/ an old friend看电影/一位老朋友look at the picture/ that funny boy看着这副画/那个有趣的男孩read the map/an interesting story读这副地图/一个有趣的故事2) on TV 在电视上on the phone 在电话里 on
18、 the computer 在电脑上19. Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗?1) like v. like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。like sth. / sb. 喜欢like doing sth. 喜欢做(长期的喜好,习惯)like to do sth. 想做(短期的,具体的某一次活动) = want to dolike sb. to do sth. 想要某人做I like him to go with me.我想要他和我一起去。后接名词或代词,表达喜欢某人或某物如:I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。后接动名词(v. -ing
19、),表达“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表达偶尔喜欢做某事,着重于某次具体行为如:I like reading, but I like to watch TV today.我喜欢读书,但我今天想看电视。20. Runner eats well. 跑步选手吃得好。1)构词法:在动词后面加-er或-or,将动词变为名词,意思是“干的人”直接加:act-actor (男)演员 paint-painter 画家 teach-teacher 教师 只加r :dance-dancer 跳舞的
20、人 双写尾字母:run-runner 跑步选手swim-swimmer 游泳者 2) 跑步明星: running star () runner star () 21. Running star Sandra Clark eats a lot of healthy food.跑步明星Sandra Clark吃许多健康的食物。1) a lot of = lots of 可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。 A lot 非常(副词)例如:Jim drinks a lot of/lots of beer.吉姆喝许多啤酒。I have a lot of/lots of things to do.我有许多事
21、情要做。2) a lot = a lot of/ lots of +名词 例如:Do we have some rice at home now ?我们家里有一些大米吗?Yes, we have a lot.有,我们有许多。3) a lot= very much作状语,表达限度、数量或频率。 例如:I like ice-cream a lot/ very much我很喜欢冰淇淋。Thanks a lot / very much.非常感谢。 22. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas and apples.对早饭来说,她喜欢吃鸡蛋,香蕉和苹果。1) fo
22、r 对来说 2) have/eat + 三餐 “吃早/中/晚饭” 例如: I usually have lunch at home.我通常在家里吃午餐。3) have/eat + a + adj. + 三餐 “吃如何的早/中/晚饭” 例如:have a big/quick/breakfast 吃了顿丰盛的/迅速的早餐23. How much are these pants? 这裤子多少钱?对价格提问:How much ?=How much cost?=Whats the price of ?例如:How much is this sweater?= How much does this swe
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