2023年12月大学英语四级真题及完整答案共两卷.doc

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1、2023年12月大学英语四级真题（第一套）Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay t

2、o explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the new

3、s report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1and 2 are based on the news report you

4、 have just the heard.1. A) It was going to be renovated. C) It was dangerous to live in. B) He could no longer pay the rent. D) He had sold it to the royal family.2. A) A storm. C) A forest fire.B) A strike. D) A Terrorist attack.Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A

5、) They lost contact with the emergency department.B) They were injured by suddenly falling rocks.C) They sent calls for help via a portable radio. D) They were trapped in an underground elevator.4. A) They provided the miner with food and water.B) They sent supplies to keep the miners warm.C) They r

6、eleased the details of the accident.D) They tried hard to repair the accident.Question5 to7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Raise postage rates. C) Close some of its post offices.B) Improve its services. D) Redesign delivery routes.6. A) Closing offices on holidays. C) Compute

7、rizing mail sorting processes. B) Shortening business hours. D) Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.7. A）A lot of controversy will ariseB) Taxpayers will be very pleasedC) Many people will begin to complainD) Many post office staff will lose their jobsSection BDirections:In this section,you will hea

8、r two long conversations.At the end of eachconversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from four choice marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter an Answer shee

9、t1 with a single line though the centre. Question8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He will lose part of his pay. C)He will be given a warning.B)He will go through retraining. D)He is go good terms with his workmates.9. A)He is an experienced press operator. C)He is alway

10、s on time.B)He is trustworthy guy. D）He is go good terms with his workmates.10. A)She is a trade union representative. C)She is better at handing such matters. B)She is a senior manager of the shop. D)She is in charge of public relation.11. A)He is always trying to stir up trouble.B)He is skilled an

11、d experienced.C)He is very close to the manager.D)He is always complaining about low wages.Question12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)Open. C)Selfish.B)Reserved. D)Friendly.13. A)They read a book. C)They stay quiet.B)They talk about the weather D)They chat with fellow p

12、assengers.14. A)She was unwilling to make friends with workmates.B)She was never invited to a colleagues home.C)She was eager to visit an English castle.D)She was always treated as a foreigner.15.A) House are much more quiet. C) They want a garden of their own. B) They want to have more space. D) Ho

13、uses provide more privacy.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices mark

14、ed A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) They will automatically be given hiring priority. B) They dont have to go through job interviews. C) They are likely to

15、get much higher pay. D) They dont have much choice of jobs.17.A) Visit the school careers services. C) Look at school bulletin boards. B) Ask their professors for help. D) Go through campus newspapers.18. A) Providing students with information about the library.B) Helping students arrange appointmen

16、ts with librarians.C) Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.D) Helping students find the books and journals they need.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It tastes better. C) It is easier to grow. B) It may be sold at a higher price. D) It can bette

17、r survive extreme weathers.20. A) It can grow in drier soil. C) It will replace green tea one day.B) It is immune to various diseases. D) It is healthier than green tea.21. A) It does not have a stable market. B) It has made tea farmers life easier. C) It does not bring the promised health benefits.

18、 D) It has been well received by many tea drinkers.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) They care more about environment. B) They decorate their homes themselves. C) They prefer unique objects of high quality. D) They need decorations to show their status.23. A) The

19、y made great contributions to society. B) They could only try to create at night. C) They were proud of their creations. D) They focused on the quality of their products.24. A) Identify fake crafts. C) Design handicrafts themselves. B) Make wise choices. D) Learn the importance of creation.25. A) To

20、 attract foreign investments. C) To arouse public interest in crafts. B) To preserve the traditional culture. D) To boost the local economy.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for eac

21、h blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You

22、 may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Many men and women have long bought into the idea that there are “male” and “female” brains, believing that explains just about every difference between the sexes. A new study（26）that belief, questioning whether brains really can be distinguis

23、hed by gender.In the study, Tel Aviv University researchers（27）for sex differences the entire human brain.And what did they find? Not much. Rather than offer evidence for（28）brains as “male” or “female,” research shows that brains fall into a wide range, with most people falling right in the middle.

24、Daphna Joel, who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender-based（29）, many different types of brain cant always be distinguished by gender.While the “average” male and “average” female brains were（30）different, you couldnt tell it by looking at individual brain scans. O

25、nly a small（31）of people had “all-male” or “all-female” characteristics.Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist (神经科学家),said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning（32） beliefs about gender and brain function. But he cautioned against concluding from this study

26、that all brains are the same,（33）of gender.“Theres a mountain of evidence（34）the importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function,” he told The Seattle Times.If anything, he said, the study（35） that gender plays a very important role in the brain “even when we are not clear exactly how.”

27、A) abnormal B) applied C) briefly D) categorizing E) challenges F) figure G) percentage H) provingI) regardless J) searched K) similarities L) slightlyM) suggests N) tastes O) traditionalSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each st

28、atement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can Burglars Jam Yo

29、ur Wireless Security System?AAny product that promises to protect your home deserves careful examination. So it isnt surprising that youll find plenty of strong opinions about the potential vulnerabilities of popular home-security systems.BThe most likely type of burglary (入室盗窃) by far is the unsoph

30、isticated crime of opportunity, usually involving a broken window or some forced entry. According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted roughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2023.The wide majority of the rest were illegal, unforced entries that resulted from something like a

31、window being left open. The odds of a criminal using technical means to bypass a security system are so small that the FBI doesnt even track those statistics.COne of the main theoretical home-security concerns is whether or not a given system is vulnerable to being blocked from working altogether. W

32、ith wired setups, the fear is that a burglar (入室盗贼) might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable. With a wireless setup, you stick battery-powered sensors up around your home that keep an eye on windows, doors, motion, and more. If they detect something wrong while the sy

33、stem is armed, theyll transmit a wireless alert signal to a base station that will then raise the alarm. That approach will eliminate most cord-cutting concernsbut what about their wireless equivalent, jamming? With the right device tuned to the right frequency, whats to stop a thief from jamming yo

34、ur setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?DJamming concerns are nothing new, and theyre not unique to security systems. Any device thats built to receive a wireless signal at a specific frequency can be overwhelmed by a stronger signal coming in on the same frequenc

35、y. For comparison, lets say you wanted to “jam” a conversation between two peopleall youd need to do is yell in the listeners ear.E Security devices are required to list the frequencies they broadcast onthat means that a potential thief can find what they need to know with minimal Googling. They wil

36、l, however, need so know what system theyre looking for. If you have a sign in your yard declaring what setup you use, thatd point them in the right direction, though at that point, were talking about a highly targeted, semi-sophisticated attack, and not the sort forced-entry attack that makes up th

37、e majority of burglaries. Its easier to find and acquire jamming equipment for some frequencies than it is for others.F Wireless security providers will often take steps to help combat the threat of jamming attacks. SimpliSafe, winner of our Editors Choice distinction, utilizes a special system that

38、s capable of separating incidental RF interference from targeted jamming attacks. When the system thinks its being jammed, itll notify you via push alert(推送警报).From there, its up to you to sound the alarm manually.G SimpliSafe was singled out in one recent article on jamming, complete with a video s

39、howing the entire system being effectively bypassed with handheld jamming equipment. After taking appropriate measures to contain the RF interference to our test lab, we tested the attack out for ourselves, and were able to verify that its possible with the right equipment. However, we also verified

40、 that SimpliSafes anti-jamming system works. It caught us in the act, sent an alert to my smartphone, and also listed our RF interference on the systems event log. The team behind the article and video in question make no mention of the system, or whether or not in detected them.HWe like the unique

41、nature of that software. It means that a thief likely wouldnt be able to Google how the system works, then figure out a way around it. Even if they could, SimpliSafe claims that its system is always evolving, and that it varies slightly from system to system, which means there wouldnt be a universal

42、 magic formula for cracking it. Other systems also seem confident on the subject of jamming. The team at Frontpoint addresses the issue in a blog on its site, citing their own jam protection software and claiming that there arent any documented cases of successful jam attack since the company began

43、offering wireless security sensors in the 1980s.I Jamming attacks are absolutely possible. As said before, with the right equipment and the right know-how, its possible to jam any wireless transmission. But how probable is it that someone will successfully jam their way into your home and steal your

44、 stuff?J Lets imagine that you live in a small home with a wireless security setup that offers a functional anti-jamming system. First, a thief is going to need to target your home, specifically. Then, hes going to need to know the technical details of your system and acquire the specific equipment

45、necessary for jamming your specific setup. Presumably, you keep your doors locked at night and while youre away. So the thief will still need to break in. That means defeating the lock somehow, or breaking a window. Hell need to be jamming you at this point, as a broken window or opened door would n

46、ormally release the alarm. So, too, would the motion detectors in your home, so the thief will need to continue jamming once hes inside and searching for things to steal. However, hell need to do so without tripping the anti-jamming system, the details of which he almost certainly does now have acce

47、ss to.KAt the end of the day, these kinds of systems are primarily designed to protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. Theyre also only a single layer in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home, one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exterior lighti