2022年高中英语虚拟语气语法讲解.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语虚拟语气语法讲解2022-08-14 00:00 高中英语虚拟语气语法讲解 虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,疑心,推测,建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实;在条件句中的应 用,条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句;非真实条 件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情形,故采纳虚拟语气;一、虚拟语气在从句中的使用 虚拟语气即表达不行能发生或与预期相反的情形;第一我们应熟识它在三种时 态里的使用情形,这是正确使用虚拟语气的基础;这三种时态是:现在;过 去;将来;1、表示现在的虚拟式与现在事实
2、相反从句主句动词的过去式 be 的过would/ should/ could/ 与过去事实相反去式一般用 weremight + 动词原形had + 过去分词would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式, should + would/ should/ could/ 动词原形, were to + might + 动词原形动词原形If I were a bird, I would fly to you. 去;假如我是只鸟,我就会飞到你身边If it were not for their help, we should be in a
3、 very difficult position. 假如不是他们的帮忙,我们就会处于一个特别困难的境地;2、表示过去的虚拟式与现在事实相反从句主句动词的过去式 be 的过would/ should/ could/ 与过去事实相反去式一般用 weremight + 动词原形had + 过去分词would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词名师归纳总结 与将来事实相反动词过去式, should + would/ should/ could/ 第 1 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 动词原形, were t
4、o + might + 动词原形 动词原形 If we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train. 假如我们早一点动身的话,就不会误车了;If she hadnt been ill, she might have come. 假如她不是病了,可能会来的3、表示将来的虚拟式与现在事实相反从句主句动词的过去式 be 的过would/ should/ could/ 与过去事实相反去式一般用 weremight + 动词原形had + 过去分词would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来
5、事实相反动词过去式, should + would/ should/ could/ 动词原形, were to + might + 动词原形动词原形 If Professor Li should have time tomorrow, we could ask him some questions. 假如李教授明天有空的话,我们可以问他点问题;If there should be no air, there would be no living things. 假如没有空气,就不会有生物;二、错综时间的虚拟句通常情形下 , 在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一样的 , 但有 时也可
6、能指不同的时间 , 这时要依据上下文的意思采纳不同的谓语动词形式 . If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 去 ;换成我是你,我就会听从他的建议;从句指现在 , 主句指过If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. 从句指过去 , 主句指现在 ;假如我今日早上带了雨衣,现在就不会被淋湿了;If we hadn t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldnt be going
7、so smoothly.从句指过去,主句指现在;假如过去几年里不努力工作,现在的情形就不会如此顺当了;名师归纳总结 If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be 第 2 页,共 5 页growing still better.从句指过去,主句指现在;假如当时的天气更好- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 点,现在的庄稼就会长得更好; If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terribl
8、e time tomorrow. 从句指现在,主句指将来假如现在一切仍没预备好,明天情形就更糟了;三、含蓄条件句有时假设的情形并不以条件从句表示出来, 二是暗含在上下文中 , 比方通过介词短语来表示;这些介词常是:but for, without, otherwise 等;如: But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully. 假如不是听了你的建议,我就不会做的如此胜利;The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy. 没有开放的政策
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