2022年高中英语强调句型专题讲解.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 强调句一、强调句的基本结构及用法强调句常用来突出说话人要强调的语言信息,给对方以剧烈的印象和感受；译成汉语时,常加上“ 正是” 等字眼；其基本结构是：It + be 的适当形式+ 被强调成分+ that who + 其他成分He bought the book in this shop yesterday.It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. 强调主语 heIt was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. 强调宾语

2、 the bookIt was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. 强调地点状语 in this shop【留意】1.在该强调结构中,It 无任何意义但不行以换成 this 或者 that 等；It is was that who 为结构词, 假如去掉, 剩下部分在语法结构和句子含义上均完整,这一点正是它和定语从句等的本质区分；2.关于 that 与 who当被强调部分指人时,可以用who （被强调部分的人作主语或宾语时）或者whom （被强调部分的人作宾语时 代替 that；当被强调部分指物时通常用 that ；当被强调部分既包括人

3、又包括物,用 that 不用 who. It was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking abo ut当被强调部分是代词时,用 who 不用 that；当强调时间或地点或缘由状语时,不能用 when / where /why 代替 that 特殊是当这些状语为介词短语时 ；1） It was only when I reread his poems recently A. untilB. thatC. whenD. soI began to appreciate their beauty.2） It

4、 was in Qingdao I saw the sea for the first time.A. what B. that C. when D. which3） It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. that 假如被强调的成分有同位语,同位语也应提前；It was from him, his chemistry teacher, that Paul learned to watch carefully in class.3.关于 be 的适

5、当形式：在强调结构中,无论被强调的是人仍是物,单数仍是复数,be 动词一律用单数 is/was 形式； 假如原句的谓语动词时态是现在范畴 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等 ,就用 is；It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it假如原句的谓语动词时态是过去范畴 例如 :一般过去时、 过去进行时、 过去完成时、 过去将来时等 ,就用 was；It was between

6、 1989 and 1999 great changes took place in our hometown.A. when B. that C. which D. because也可以依据需要用 It may/might/must be that/who; It must have been that/who如:It might be Sally that you are thinking of.It might be in the morning that he broke into the house. It might be his father that you are looki

7、ng for.It must be John that/who will take part in the contest on behalf our class. It must have been her twin sister that you saw.1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 4. 关于被强调成分；在强调句型中,能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语或宾语（名词、代词）、状语（介词短语、 时间或地点状语从句或者 because 引导缘由状语从句）等,但不能强调谓语动词、表语或补语 （形容词或名词充当） 、

8、although 引导的让步状语从句、for, since, as引导的缘由状语从句、if 条件状语等；如：强调主语、宾语；It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. who B. that C. how D. whatIt was how the young man had learned five foreign languages attracted the audiences interest.A. so that B.

9、 that C. what D. in whichIt was the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are. NMET2000A. one B. that C. what D. it强调状语It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. 强调地点状语 It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son

10、would soon return home. 强调程度状语 It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. 强调方式状语 It was three years ago that I came to this school. 强调时间状语 It is when he got back that he knew what had happened. 强调时间状语 It was because he loved my money that he married me. 强调缘由状语 留意：1. 强调时间、地点、缘由或方式状语时,要用 that, 不能用

11、 when, where, why 或 how；It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. that B. until C. before D. whenIt was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. thatIt was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern

12、school.A. where B. in which C. that D. so2.使用强调句型对状语进行强调时,有必要将其与以下句型区分开来；比较下面的句子：1 It was in the evening that the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. 强调句型 it 表示时间 It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. when引导时间状语从句,2 It was at 3 oclock that they came back

13、. 强调句型 It was 3 oclock when they came back. when 引导时间状语从句,it 表示时间 3It is for three hours that they have been back. 强调句型 It was three hours before they came back. before 引导时间状语从句,it 表示时间 It is three hours since they came back. since 引导时间状语从句,it 表示时间 再如：It was raining when they came back.It is true th

14、at he once went to Canada.It is a surprise that Mary should have won the first prize.3.强调部分为介词短语：强调部分为介词短语时,应特殊留意能引起误会的干扰选项；表示时间或地点时,应留意与定语从句的区分；1. It was through Jack Mary got to know Bob .A. who B. whom C. how D. that2. It was great care that they did the job.A. for B. about C. with D. in2 名师归纳总结

15、- - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. It was on October 1st 1949 new China was founded .A. which B. when C. a D. that4. Was it in this palace the last emperor died.A. that B. in which C. in whereD. which4.特殊提示：对“not.until. ” 结构的强调,要用“ It is/was not until.that. 这一固定句” 型；由于否定已经前移, that 后

16、只能用确定形式；同时要留意不能使用倒装语序 .It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didnt go 5. 关于主谓一样：在强调句型中,被强调部分是原句型的主语时,其形式必需与谓语动词的人称和数保持一样；It is your father that is wrong this time.It is he and

17、 his parents that have come to China.6. 人称对比：在强调句型中,如强调主语或宾语且其为人称代词时 It is they who will attend the medical conference. It was her that I saw in the street just now.【误】 It is I who/ that is going to be sent there to help them.【正】 It is I who/ that am going to be sent there to help them.【误】 It was he

18、r that told me about it.【正】 It was she that told me about it.【误】 It is I who the teacher has punished.【正】 It is me whom the teacher has punished.二、 特殊形式的强调句结构,应留意其形式仍用主格或宾格形式；1. 强调句的否定、疑问句形式以及感叹句形式；强调句型的否定形式、一般疑问句形式、特殊疑问句形式、感叹句形式以及反意疑 问句形式： 否定形式：It was not in England that Olympic Competitions first

19、started. 一般疑问句形式：Was/Is it + 被强调部分 + that+其他成分？Is the girl in red who is your sister.例 1Was it during the Second World War he died.A. that B. while C. in which D. then 例 2- Wasnt it Dr. Wang who spoke to you just now.-. A. I didnt know he was B. Yes, it wasC. No, he wasnt D. Yes, he did解析：此句为强调句的一般疑

20、问句的否定形式；其回答有两种可能：“ Yes, it was.” 或“ No, it wasn” 应选 B. 特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词 + was/Is it +被强调部分 + that + 其他成分What is it that you want me to do.Who was it that told you the news ？When was it that he first came to China. Where was it that you met her.How was it that he solved the problem.3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -

21、-第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 事实上,强调句型的特殊疑问句就是就陈述句中的被强调部分进行提问变化而来的；也就是强调部分为疑问词；当含有特殊疑问词的强调句型用在宾语从句中的时候,句型应改为特殊疑问词+ it wasis that + 陈述句,即采纳陈述句语序；1- Where was it the road accident happened yesterday.- In front of the market.A. when B. that C. which D. how2 I really dont know you returned the bo

22、ok to me.A. when it was that B. when was itC. when was it that D. when it was强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时,该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相同,即：疑问词 + 一般疑问句例 1. - I have nothing to confess. you want me to say.A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 解析：此题考查强调句中强调疑问词时语序的排列；What 引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中充当 say

23、的宾语；这是一个强调句型的特殊疑问句,被强调部分是 what ；应选 A例 2I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter I am making toA who is it B who it is C it is who D it is whom解析 : who 引导主语从句,并在主语从句中作介词 to 的宾语（应用宾格 whom ,但在通常情形下,也可以用 who 代替 whom）；并且, who it is （that ）I am making to 为强调句型；这是一个强调句型的特殊疑问句；被强

24、调部分是 who ；应选 B. 叹句形式：What/How + 感叹部分 + it was/is+ that + 其他成分！What a wonderful time it was that we had at the part！How good a student it is that I have ！反意疑问句形式：强调句型的反意疑问句,后半部分的附加疑问句部分的主语和谓语以准时态要与强调句型本身保持一样；It was at eleven last night that I knew the good news, wasnt it.强调句型的回答也应当使用强调句式；Was it you t

25、hat told him about it.-Yes, it was. 三、强调句型与定语从句以及与主语从句等的辨析强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句等相关句型混淆；引导定语从句的引导词 that 或者 who,在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语,不行以去掉 ; that 或者 who 引导主语从句时, that 无任何含义也不充当任何成分但也不行以省略, who 引导主语从句并且在主语从句中充当主语也不行以省略；并且,that 或者 who 引导的主语从句常常置于句后,而在主语位置使用形式主语 It；而强调句型中的 It is was that who 为结构词,假如去掉,剩下部分在语法结构和句子

26、含义上均完整；这一点正是区分强调句型和定语从句以及主语从句的关键所在；a.与定语从句的辨析It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith that they finished the experiment.It was he who came from Hunan that won the first prize in the contest. b.与名词性从句的辨析It is true that he once was a teacher.It was he said disappointed me.D. that; whatA. what; t

27、hatB. that; thatC. what; whatc.与 there be 句型的辨析is no possibility Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 四、错误判定强调句的两种情形1. 将非强调句判为强调句；易混句型 1：It be + 时间段+ since . , since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时

28、态；假如主该句型中的 be 动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态句是一般过去时,从句就用过去完成时；例. That was really a splendid evening. It has been years A. when B. that C. before D. since易混句型 2：It be + 时间点 + when . I enjoyed myself so much.该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句；Be 动词的时态没有明确限制,时间点前不加介词；例. Did Jack come back early last night. Yes. It was not ye

29、t eight oclock he arrived home.A. before B. when C. that D. until易混句型 3：It be+段时间 + before .主句中 be 动词的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态；主句中的表语多是 表示时间段的词或短语；long, not long , days , week 等例 - How long do you think it will be China sends a manmade spaceship to the moon.- Perhaps two or three years.A. whenB. untilC. th

30、atD. before比较：It was at ten oclock that he came back.It was after ten oclock that he came back.It was before ten oclock that he came back.再比较：It is autumn when leaves fall. It is in autumn that leaves fall. 2. 将强调句判为非强调句；有些强调句型由于句子本身有肯定的特殊性,比如是强调句的特殊疑问句形式,强调句型情态动词或复杂时态等,强调句中的被强调成分过于复杂,强调句与其他从句混杂在一起,

31、等等,这都可能掩盖强调句型的原来面目,从而导致误判；如：1 When was that the general manager left for Japan.A. he B. it C. that D. since2 It might have been John bought a present for Mary yesterday.A. that B. when C. what D. which3 It was what he meant rather than what he said annoyed me.A. which B. as C. what D. that4 It was just in the room he was born he died.A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that5 It was lack of money, not of effort, defeated their plan.A. which B. as C. that D. what5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页