2022年高考大纲版英语总复习知识点精讲精析与高考试题预测：UnitEnglisharoundtheworld.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 第一册Unit 2 English around the worldI 单元学问点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高 考 须 掌 握 的 词 汇 ： 1 pronunciation 2 Minority 3 totaily 4 equally 5 organize/organise 6globe 7service 8independence9 south 10 Europe 1 1comparison 12 Replacement 高考须把握的短语：1at 2in 3mother 4for 5up 6 with 7in 8many 9or 10in

2、 1l_adout 考点过关过关斩将一马平川考点详解精剖细解入巿三分一、重点词汇1 majority n 多数；大半 eg ： A/The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmfulto health大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康；相关链接： minority n少数；小半用法拓展be in the majority 占多数 be in the minority 占少数案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题 1 典型例题 In the election,the people who have voted for the present governmen

3、t are the majonty A on Bin Cwith Dfor 考题 1 点拨：答案为 B；考查词组 be in the majority“ 占多数” ；句意为：“ 在选举中,支持现政府的人占多数；”2 service n服务；服务性工作eg： The service in the restaurant is good这家餐馆的服务很好；相关链接： serve vt 为 服务； 供应饭等 vi服役用法拓展： at ones service 听 差遣；随时预备为 做事 / 供 使用 be of service to sb help sbor be useful to sb能帮忙某人；

4、对某人有用处 serve sb as 作 用 / 起 作用 be in service 在使用中 serve as 担当；担任考题 2 典型例题分 -Good morning, Grand Hotel. -Hello, ld like to book a room for the night of the 18th and 19th. A. What can I do for you. B. Just a minute, please. C. Whats the matter. D. At your service. 考题 2 点拨：答案为 B；在对方已经明确提出要求时用 A项,不合乎情理；B

5、项属于一种顺承、合理的回答；c 项用于询问有何问题或有何障碍,用于此语境明显不舍适；D项干扰性最大, at your service 是随时听候差遣的意思,在此语境中不合适；3except prep除了 eg： We all went to the cinema except Tom除了汤姆,我们都去看电影了；相关链接 Besides prep“ 除 之外,仍有 ”except for后接名词或代词,/ but prep“ 除 之外” ,与except 同义；用法拓展：“ 除 之外” ,表示局部修正主句的说法； except that/when后接从句；“ 除 之外除当 的时候” ；名师归纳总

6、结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 考题 3-1 典型例题 flowers, the pupils sent their teacher a nice greeting card for her birthday. A. Beside B. Except for C. Besides D. Except 考题 3-2 典型例题分 Is your grandpa still with you. - No. He still prefers to live in the small mountain village all its

7、 disadvantages. A. for B. except C. with D. to 考题 31 点拨：答案为 C；besides 表示“ 除 之外,仍有 ” ,except 表示“ 除了 ” , beside 表示“ 在 的旁边” ,except for 时主句作局部的修正；句意为：“ 除了鲜花,同学们仍为他们的老师送上了美丽的贺卡作生岢礼物；考题 32 点拨：答案为 c；句意为：“ 尽管乡村有它的弱点,爷爷仍是喜爱住在那里；4knowledge n 学问 eg：KnoWledge is power学问就是力气；相关链接： knowledge 统指“ 学问” 时不行数但可以与 a 连

8、用,特殊是有修饰语时,表示某一方面的学问；用法拓展：to my knowledge 据我所知 get/gain knowIedge 获得学问考题4 典型例题分 Many people agree that of English is a must in international trade today. A. knowledge B. a knowledge C. the knowledge D. knowledges 考题 4 点拨：答案为 B；knowledge 与 a 连用,特指某一方面的学问；句意为：“ 好多人都认为在如今的国际贸易中,英语方面的学问是一种必需的条件；”5compar

9、e v比较；比作 eg ：If you compare both of our cars ,youll find they are very mUCh alike假如比较一下我们的两部车子,你会发觉彼此很相像；相 关 链 接 ： comparision n 比 较 用 法 拓 展 ： compare to 把 比作 compare with 把 与 相比 beyond/past/w ithout compare 无与伦比 特殊提示： compared to/with 是固定搭配,单独用作状语,表示与 相比； eg ：cprepared to/Wlth Paris,Iondon is large

10、与巴黎相比,伦敦较大；考题 5-2 典型例题 In his no vels；he often compared ones life a riverAby B with Cfor D to 考题 5-3 I was struck by the beautiful sightIts beauty was compare Ato Bwith Cbevond Din 考题 51 点拨；答案为 中,他常常把生命比作河流；”考题 5-2 点拨：答案为 打动,它的美简直无与伦比；”D；compare tg 一把 比作 ；句意为：“ 在他的小说C；beyond compare 无与伦比；句意为：“ 我被这美丽

11、的景色所6end vt & vi 终止 eg： The party ended at midnight晚会在午夜终止； He ended his Ietter with good wishes to the family 相关链接： end n 终止他在信末祝愿全家人；名师归纳总结 at the end of在 的终点 by the end of到 为止用法拓展： end in 以 为第 2 页,共 11 页结果 endupwith以 而终止put an end to 终止 / 终止 come to an end告终；完结 in the end最终；最终lTlakebothends meet使

12、收支相抵 without end无尽的；无限的考 题6-1 典 型 例 题分 If you go on doing such things, youll end up - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - prison. A. with B. as C. in D. to 考题 6-2 Hard as he worked, he couldnt make _ meet. A. end B ends C. eroding D. ended 考题 6 1 点拨 : 答案为 c；end up in prison 那样的事,你就会以掌牢而告终；”以坐牢而告终；句意

13、为：“ 假如你连续做考题 6 2 点拨：答案为B； makebothends meet使收支相抵；句意为：“ 尽管他卖力地工作,但仍是做不到收支相抵；”二、重点短语7mote or Iss或多或少；大体上；在肯定程度上eg： The work is more or less finished这项工作大体上完成了；I think its more or less a crime我认为这多少是一种犯罪行为；考题 7 典型例题 We all write , even when there is not much to say. A. now and then B. by and by C. step

14、 by step D. more or less 考题 7 点拨：答案为 A；从该题 even when theres not mach to say 这一信息可知,本题空意指时问；now and then 相当于 ftom time to time；sometimes 和 occasionally；by and by soon step by step=graduailyl D 项 more or less 修饰名词,但也可修饰形容词、动词作状语； more or lessabout 时,放在所修饰词的后面；It is an hours journey,more or 1ess 修饰形容词时

15、,放在动词的前面；The book is niore or less helpful修饰动词时,放在动词的前面；He can more or less write some poems该题如把空设在write 的前面, D项也对；8have diffjcuItyindoing sth做某事有困难 eg ： We had difficultyinworking out the probIem我们做出这道题有困难；用法拓展： have troubleindoing sth一 have d fficultyindoing sth做某事有困难 have much/little/no dIfficult

16、yindoing sth 做某事有很多 / 很少 / 没有困难 have difficulty/trouble with sth做某事有困难考题 8 Does your brothernave any English. Adifficulty learning BdifficuIty to learn CdifficuIties in learning Ddifficulties to learn 考题 8 点拨：答案为A；have difficuItyindoing sth是固定词组,difficuhy.”在这个词组搭配中用作不行数名词,介词in 可省略；句意为：“ 你哥哥学习英语有困难吗三

17、、重点交际用语9Could you speak a b t slOWly ,please. 请你说得稍慢些好吗 .、a bit 可以修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级,与 a littIe 相同； eg ： Im a bit/a little tired我有点累了；It s a bit/a little warmer today今日天气温和了些；用法拓展： 1not a little=very much 相当多；特别 not a bit=not at a11 一点也不2a bit of+n 一点 / 一些 a little+n一点 / 一些 考题 9 一 Are you feeling tired

18、 after the game. 一In factI feel quite relaxed ANot a littIe BNot a bit C Not little DNot bit 考题 9 点拨 : 答案为 B；not a bit 一点也不；依据后面,“ 事实上我感觉很轻松；” 可得出 B这个选项；名师归纳总结 10Can you say it in a djffetent way.你能用一种不同的方式表达吗. in a way 用 第 3 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 的方法用法拓展： in the way/in ones

19、way阻碍 / 拦住某人的路 by the way顺便说一下 / 顺便问问 in a way 从某种意义 / 程度上说 by way of 经由；取道 lose ones way 迷路 make ones way 进行；努力向前alI the way一路上特殊提示； 1by means 用 的方式with method 用 方法 2way 作先行词,后面的定语从句可用 in which/that 或不用引导词来连接；考题 10-1 典型例题 分 They have made up their to make their to the front. A. mindsway B. minds; w

20、ays C. minds; way D. minds ways 考题 10-2 典型例题分 If you drive from the airport, go On the motor way and follow the to the city. A. points B. warnings C. signs D. way 考题 101 点拨 ; 答案为 c；make up ones raind “ 下决心干某事” ； raind 单复数随 ones的单复数发生变化； make ones way “ 排除困难前进” ,way 在此搭配中是不行敷名词；考题 102 点拨：答案为 c；follOW

21、 the signs 表示“ 顺着路标” ；向意为：“ 假如你从机场开车行驶, 你可以 走大路腰着路标到达城市；”四、重点句型11HOW did these djfferences come about. 这些不同是如何产生的 . come abouthappen/take place 产生；发生；转变方向 不用于被动语态 eg ： Many quarrels come about through a misunderstanding 生的；很多争执都是由于误会而产可用 it作形式主语,后面用that 引导主语从句： It comes about that 是 产生的；考题 11 典型例题 H

22、ow, did it _ that he won the first prize of lottery tickets again. A. come along B. come on C. come up D. come about 考题 11 点拨：答案为 D；come along 同 一起 ;come on 勉励 / 劝告时所用的口语 ; come up 提出；上来； 发芽 ; come about 产生；发生；此句用了一个固定句式 lt comes about that ；句意为：“ 他怎么又一次赢得彩票的一等奖 .”12Joe is an Amerjcml who has come t

23、o Brltain for the first time乔是个第一次到英国的美国人； forthe first time单独用作状语,指第一次做某事； eg ：the Tirst time“ 首次,第一次” ,可用作连词,引导时间状语从句； The first time I met her,I knew we wonld be good friends我第一次见到她,我就知道我们会成为好伴侣；类似的用法仍有：the moment ,the minutethe first sight,every time,each time等. It is/was/will be the fjrst time

24、后接句子,强调到说话时为止某一情形或动作的次数,句子中常用完成时态,it 可换用 this/that,first 也可换用其他序数词；eg： This is the first time I have been to Beijing这是我第一次去北京；That was the first time I had left my hometown那是我第一次离开家乡；It s time for sbto do sth是某人干某事的时候了；此句式仍可用：It s time sb did sth来表示； eg ：名师归纳总结 It s time for us to have supper/It s t

25、ime we had supper是我们用晚餐的时第 4 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 候了；考题 12-1 It is the second time that I in Shanghai. What great changes have taken place in Shanghai. It is ten years since I it lasttime. A. have been; left B. had been; left C. haves had left D. went; had left 考 题12-2 The t

26、elephone three, times in the last hour, and each time it for my father. A. had rung; was B. has rung; was C. rang; has been D. has been ringing; is 考题 12-3 You shall leave now. Its high time you to school. A. go B. went C. going D. gone 句式中,应用 考题 121 点拨：答案为 A；此题关键看出 Its the second time that 现在完 _成时态

27、, since 衷示从某一时刘起,用一般过去时态,故答案为 A；句意为：“ 这是我其次次到上海；上海发生多么庞大的变化啊. 自从上次离开；已是十年时间了；”考题 122 点拨：答案为B；in the past/last+段时间作时间状语,通常与完成时连用,后丰部分 each time 作状语 指过去“ 每次” ,因此答案为 电话响了三次每次都是找我父亲的；”B；句意为：“ 在过去的一小时里考题 123 点拨；答案为B；考查句式Its time sb did xth句意为：“ 你得走了,早该是你上学的时候了；”13 “ with+ 宾语 +宾补” 结构一般被称作是with的复合结构,可用来补充说

28、明；更多的情形下作方式状语,表示相伴的动作或状态； with+ 宾语 +介词短语 eg： In the middle of china lies Hubei Province ,with its capital on the Yangtze River 湖北省位于中国的中部,它的省会在长江之滨； The teacher was wal king up and down,with a book in her 1eft hand老师左手拿着一本书,正在走来走去； with+ 宾语 +现在分词 eg： He lay on his back,with his eyes looking up into

29、the sky他躺着,眼瞅着天空； with+ 宾语 +过去分词 eg： with his homework done,he went out to play完成作业他就出去玩耍； with+ 宾语十不定式短语 eg： with the guide to lead us,we wtll have no difficulty finding his house有导游带路,我们将不费劲地找到他的家； with+ 宾语 +形容词 eg ： He is used to sleeping With the windOW open at night in summer他已习惯夏天开窗睡觉； with+ 宾

30、词 +副词 eg： He often sleeps with the light on他常常开着灯睡觉；考题 13-1 典型例题 With a lot of difficult problems , the manager felt wor-ried all the 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - time. A. settled B. settle C. settling D. to settle 考题 13-2 典型例题分 He left the post office with all the magazi

31、nes he needed _ A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. to be bought 考题 131 点拨：答案为D；从后面“ 经理始终很担忧” 可看出,问题要解决；考题 132 点拨：答案为 c；从主句“ 他离开邮局” 可知,他已经买了需要的全部杂志 ,用过去分词 bought 作宾补,表被动和完成；五、词语辨析14a number of,the number of a number of“ 一些；如干” ,和复数名词或代词连用,后面的动词也用复数形式； eg ： A number of my friends are against the plan我的如

32、干伴侣都反对这个方案； the number of 的数量 数目 ” 介词 of 同其后的名词构成介词短语,作定语修饰 the humber ,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数； eg ： The number of the students standing there is about twenty 大约是二十；站在那边的同学数目考 题14 典 型 例 题分 The number of people present at the meeting about one thou-sand, a large number of whom experts from abroad. A. was; wa

33、s B. was; were C. were; were D. were; was 考题 14 点拨：答案为B；the humber of +单数谓语动词； a nLIYllber of +复数谓语动词；句意为：“ 出席会议的人数大约一千,他们当中的如干人是来自于国外的专家；”15Sitaation,state ,gobdition situatlon“ 情形；形势；局面” ,主要是指各种情形之间的相互关系及该情形与有关人士之间的关系,强调相互之间的联系和影响； eg ： He is in a difficult situation他境况艰巨； the international situat

34、ion 国际形势state “ 状态；状况” ,常与不定冠词连用,只有单数形式与介词 in 搭配使用； eg ： She is in a good state of mind她心情不错； Condition“ 状况；环境” ,指四周环境常常用复数形式,与介词 in 或 under 搭配使用；eg：living conditions 居住状况 / 环境 He is in no condition to travei他的健康状况不宜旅行；考题 15-1 典型例题 she is in a poor of healthcondition As a result, she has to give up

35、herjob A Dosition Bsituation Cstate D考题 15-2 典型例题 when you play footbaIl,what do you play. A situation Bplace C part Dposition 考题 151 点拨：答案为 c；state 与 a 连用指一种状况,状态,be in a p6or state of health 指健康状况很差；句意：“ 她健康状况很差,结果,不得不舍弃工作；” 考题 152点拨：答案为 D；play a position 踢某个位置 ;play a part 扮演某个角色；句意为：“ 踢球时,你踢哪个位置

36、 .”语法归纳 熟知规章 游刃有余直接引语和间接引语 二 祈使句和疑问句在间接引语中的用法：1祈使句的基本结构有以下几种类型：名师归纳总结 1Please+v 动词原形 或 v 动词原形 +please eg ：第 6 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - OK ,listen carefully,please 那么,请认真听； 2Dont+v 动词原形 +please eg ： Dont touch anything without permission未经答应不准碰任何东西； 3Let+abj 宾语 +v 动词原形 /not+v 动词原

37、形 eg ： Lets tidy the laboratory and put everything back in the cupboards让我们来整理试验室,把全部的东西放回器皿柜里吧；2祈使语气委婉的句型：1 “ Will/Would/Can/Could you please+v 动词原形 . ” eg： Will/Would/Can/Could you please give us instructions for using the laboratory.请给我们讲讲使用试验室的规章好吗 . 2 “ Would you mind+t ,- ing. ” eg ： Would you

38、 mind allowing us to use the basin by the side of the cupboard. 请答应我们使用器皿柜旁边的洗脸盆,好吗 . 3 “ Why not+v 动词原形 . ” eg： Why not do as your teacher teIls you to. 为什么不按你们老师嘱咐的去做呢 . 4 “ 祈使句, +附加疑问句 .”Let us do , will you/wont you. eg： Let us do the ex+perlment ourselves,will/wont you. 答应我们自己做试验,好吗 . “ Lets do

39、 , shall we/shant W : eg ： Lets make sure the lights are turned off and the door is locked,shall/shant we.让我们核实一下关灯和锁门的事吧,好吗 . “ Let me do ,will you/wont you/may I.” eg： Let me tidy the lab with you,may I. 我和你整理试验室,好吗 . “ Do , will,wont/would/you/can/cant/coula you.” eg ： Show me how to use this wat

40、er pump；Wont you. 教我怎样使用这台抽水泵,好吗 . “ Dont d o will you.eg： Dont touch papers on my desk,will you. 别碰我书桌上的文件,好吗 .考题点拨：答案为 D；本句为祈使句变为问接引语；考题 I said to hIm,“ please go ” I him to goApleased B said to Cordered D asked IV 专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：如何写好人物介绍式书面表达专题详解：人物介绍式书面表达是书面表达的重要内容,写好人物介绍式书面表达是写作的基本能力；做此类书面表

41、达要留意以下几个方面的问题： 1 强化时态意识；人物介绍式书面表达在时态上具有明显的自我特色,介绍人物的现状用一般现在时,介绍人物的简历用一般过去时,介绍人物的将来情形用一般将来时,但不少同学时态意识不强,他们在写作时不认真摸索、分析,随便使用时态,要么一律用一般现在时,要么将一般现在时或一般过去时随便交替使用等,造成了很多非水平因素的失分；因此,应强化时态意识； 2 重视主谓一样性；主谓语一样是人物介绍式书面表达易出错误之一,特殊是当主语为第三人称单数时；当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词应用单数形式,但不少同学一律用复数形式,有时主语为复数时却又使用单数形式；3 留意句式前后照料；在介绍人物的姓名、性别、年龄、职业等现状时不少同学过分追名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 求使用复杂的句式,例如使用主语后边加上同位语或破折