2022年高一英语必修一课文原文及译文3.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高一英语必修一课文原文及译文必修一 Unit1Annes Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts. Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through. Anne Frank wanted the first ki

2、nd, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War . Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, want to set down a series of facts in a diary as mos

3、t people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy abou

4、t everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. Thats changed since I was here. For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past el

5、even in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didne open a t darwindow. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didnt go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the

6、 wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face tface Sadly I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature

7、is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne 1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 第一单元 友情 Reading 安妮最好的伴侣 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的伴侣呢 .或者你是不是担心你的伴侣会嘲笑你,会不懂得你目前的困境呢 种类型的伴侣,于是她就把.安妮 弗兰克想要的是第一日记当成了她最好的伴侣；安妮在其次次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿 姆斯特丹；她一家人都是犹太人,所以他们不得不隐藏起来,否就他们就会 被德国纳粹抓去；她和她的家人隐藏了

8、两年之后才被发觉；在这段时间里,她唯独的忠实伴侣就是她的日记了；她说,“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账；我要把这本日记当作我的伴侣,我要把我这个伴侣称作基蒂”；安妮自从 1942 年 7 月起就隐藏在那儿了,现在,来看看她的心情吧；亲爱的基蒂：我不知道这是不是由于我长期无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热；我记得特别清晰,以前,湛 蓝的天空、鸟儿的唱歌、月光和鲜花,从未令我心迷神往过；自从我来到这里,这一切都变了；, 比方说,有天晚上天气很温和,我熬到11 点半有意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮；但是由于月光太亮了,我不敢打开窗户；仍有一次,就在五个月以前的一个晚上,

9、我碰巧在楼上,窗户是开着的；我 始终等到非关窗不行的时候才下楼去；乌黑的夜晚,风吹雨打,雷电交加,我全然被这种力气镇住了；这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚, ,令人难过的是 , 我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然,窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前,但观看这些已经不再是乐趣,由于大自然是你必需亲身体验的； Using Language Reading, listening and writing 亲爱的王小姐：我同班上的同学有件 麻烦事；我跟我们班里的一位男同学始终相处很好,我们常常一起做家庭作 业,而且很愿意相互帮忙；我们成了特别好的伴侣；可是,其他同学却开头 在背后谈论起来,他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱

10、,这使我很愤怒；我不想 中断这段友情,但是我又厌恶人家背后说闲谈；我该怎么办呢 . Reading and writing 敬重的编辑： 我是苏州高中的一名同学；我有一个难题,我不太善于同人们交际；虽然我的确试着去跟班 上的同学交谈,但是我仍是发觉很难跟他们成为好伴侣；因此,有时候我感 到特别孤独；我的确想转变这种现状,但是我却不知道该怎么办；假如您能 给我提些建议,我会特别感谢的；2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit2 the Road to Modern English At the end of t

11、he 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak E

12、nglish as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat. American Amy: Yes. Id like to come up to you apartment. Swhy ha

13、s English changed over time. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was base more on German than the English we speak at pre

14、sent. Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabul

15、ary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happene

16、d: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large n

17、umber of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in Chi

18、na is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity. Only time will tell. 3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 其次单元 世界上的英语 Reading 通向现代英语之路 16 世纪末期大约有5 百万到 7 百万人说英语,几乎全部这些人都生活在英国；后来,在17 世纪英国人开头航

19、海战胜了世界其它地区；于是,很多别的国家开始说英语了；如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多,他们有的是作为第一语言来说,有的是作为 其次语言或外语；以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互沟通；请看 以下例子：英国人贝蒂： “ 请到我的公寓 flat 里来看看,好吗 .” 美国人艾米： “ 好的；我很愿意到 你的公寓 apartment去； ” 那么,英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢 .事实上,当不同文化相互沟通渗透时,全部的语言都会有所进展,有所变化；第一,在公元450 年到 1150 年间,人们所说的英语跟今日所说的英语就很不一样；当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语

20、不是；然后,渐渐地,大约在公元800 年到 1150 年期间,英语不那么像德语了；由于那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语；这些新的定居者大大丰富了英语语言,特殊是在词汇方面；所以到17 世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大；在1620 年,一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居；后来,到了 19 世纪,有些英国人也被送往澳大利亚,两个国家的人都开头说英语了；最终,到20 世纪,英语才真正定形；那时,英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：第一,塞缪尔约翰逊编写了词 典,后来,诺厄韦伯斯特编纂了美国英语词典,后者表达了美国英语拼写的不同特色；现在,英语在南亚也被当作外语或其次语言来说；比如说,印度拥有众多讲

21、英语很流利的人,这是由于 英国于 1765 年到 1947 年统治过印度；在那期间,英语成了官方语言和训练用语；在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其它国家,比如南非,人们也说英语；目前在中国学习英语的人数正在快速增长；事实上,中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学习者；中国 英语会进展出自己的特色吗 .这只能由时间来回答了； Using Language 标准英语和方言 什么是标 准英语 .是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度、新西兰所说的英语吗 .信不信由你, 世界上 没有什么标准英语；很多人认为,电视和收音机里所说的就是标准英语,这是由于在早期的电台 节目里,人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语；然而

22、,在电视和收音机里,你也会听出人们在说话时的差异；当人们用不同于“ 标准语言 ” 的词语时,那就叫做方言；美国英语有很多方言,特殊是中西部和南部地区的方言,以及黑人和西班牙人的方言；在美国有些地区,即使是相 邻城镇的两个人所说的语言都可能稍有不同；美国英语之所以有这么多的方言是由于美国人是来 自世界各地的缘故；地理位置对方言的产生也有影响；住在美国东部山区的一些人说着比较古老 的英语方言；当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时,他们也就把他们的方言随着带去了；因此,美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相同；美国是一个使用多种方言的大国；虽然很多美国人常常搬迁,但是他们仍旧能够辨别、懂

23、得彼此的方言；4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit3 Journey Down the Mekong My name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy on

24、e. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries. Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too. Afte

25、r graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I asked my sister, “ Where are we going.” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. Now she is planning our schedule for the trip. I am fond of my sis

26、ter but she has one serious shortcoming. She can be really stubborn. Although she didnt know the bof getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. Now I know that the proper way is always her way. I kept asking her, “ When are wand when are we coming back.” I asked her whether

27、 she had looked at a map yet. Of course she hadnt; my sister doesnt care about details. So I told her that thsource of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined look - the kind that said she would not change her mind. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of m

28、ore than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. I know my sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in. Several months

29、 before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography. From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yun

30、nan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows. It makes wide bends or me

31、anders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea. 5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 第三单元游记 Reading 沿湄公河而下的旅程第一部分理想与方案我的名字叫王坤；从高中起,我姐姐王薇和我就始终理想作一次宏大的自行车旅行；两年前,她买了一辆昂贵的山地自行车,然后仍说服我买了一辆 山地车 ；去年她去看望了我们的表兄弟 在昆明读高校的刀卫和宇

32、航；他们是傣族人,在云南省西部靠近澜沧江的地方长大,湄公河在中国境内的这一段叫澜沧江,在其他国家 弟也对骑车境内 叫湄公河；很快,王薇使表兄旅行产生了爱好；高校毕业以后,我们最终有了机会骑自行车旅行；我问我姐姐：“我们要去 哪儿 .”第一想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的是我的姐姐；现在她正在为我们的旅行制定 方案； 我很喜爱我姐姐,但是她有一个很严峻的缺点；她有时的确很顽固；尽管她对去某些地方 的正确路线并不清晰,她却坚持要自己把这次旅行支配得尽善尽美；于是,我就知道这个尽善尽 美的方式总是她的方式；我不停地问她,“我们什么时候动身 .什么时候回来 .” 我仍问她是否看过 地图；当然她并没

33、有看过 我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的；于是,我告知她,湄公河的源头在青 海省；她给了我一个坚决的眼神 这种眼神说明她是不会转变想法的；我说,我们的旅行将从5, 000 多米的高地动身,这时她好像显得很兴奋；当我告知她那里空气淡薄,呼吸困难,而且天气 很冷时,她却说这将是一次好玩的经受；我特别明白我的姐姐,她一旦下了决心,什么也不能使 她转变；最终,我只好让步了；在我们旅行前的几个月,王薇和我去了图书馆；我们找到一本大 型地图册,里面有一些世界地理的明细图；我们从图上可以看到,湄公河发源于西藏一座山上的 冰川；起初,江面很小,河水清亮而冷冽,然后它开头快速流淌；它穿过深谷时就变成了急流,流经云南西部

34、；有时,这条江形成瀑布,进入宽敞的峡谷；我们俩诧异地发觉这条河有一半是在 中国境内；当流出中国,流出高地之后,湄公河就变宽了,变暖了,河水也变成了黄褐色；而当 它进入东南亚以后,流速减缓,河水曲折缓慢地穿过低谷,流向生长稻谷的平原；最终,湄公河 三角洲的各支流流入中国南海； Using Language 夜晚的西藏山景 其次部分山中一宿 虽然是秋天,但是西藏已经开头下雪了；我们的腿又沉又冷,感觉就像大冰块；你看到过雪人骑自行车吗 .我们 看上去就像那样；一路上,一些身着羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们；下午晚些时候,我们发觉由于天冷我们的水壶都冻上了；然而,湖 水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜,景色迷人

35、；像平常一样,王薇在我的前面,她很牢靠,我知道我用不着给她鼓劲儿；上山很艰巨,但是当我们环顾四周,眼前的 景色让我们感到诧异,我们好像能看到几百里以外的地方；在某个时刻,我们发觉自己置身高处,彷佛骑车穿越云层；然后我们开 始下山,这特别好玩,特殊是天气逐步变得温和多了；在山谷里,五彩斑斓的蝴蝶翩翩飘舞在我 们身旁,我们仍看到牦牛和羊群在吃草；这时,我们不得不把帽子、外衣、手套和长裤脱掉,换成 T 恤衫和短裤；一到傍晚,我们通常就停下来宿营,于是 ,我们先把帐篷支起来,然后吃饭；晚饭后,王薇把头放在枕头上就睡觉了,而我却醒着；半夜里,天空变得清朗了,星星更亮了；夜晚 特别寂静 几乎没有风,只有篝

36、火的火焰和我们做伴；当我躺在星空下,我想着我们已经 走了多远；我们很快就要到达云南的大理；在那里,我们的表兄弟刀卫和宇航将加入我们的行列；我们迫不及待地想要见到他们 . 6 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit4A Night the Earth didnt Sleep Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose a

37、nd fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed tha t the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for pl aces to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At ab

38、out 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, som e people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tan gshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crack ed and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little

39、 of these events, were asl eep as usual the night. At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century ha d begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away.

40、One-third of th e nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across ho uses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the peopl

41、e was extrem e. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of families were ki lled of injured reached more than 400,000. But how could the survivors believe it was natural. Everywhere they looked nearly every thing was destroyed. All of the citys hospitalsctories and b

42、uildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autu mn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would nev

43、er give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens wer e dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that aftern oon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of th e rescue workers and doctors were trappe

44、d under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, fo od, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. A ll hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers of thousands of peo ple were helped. The army organized teams to dig out

45、 those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breath

46、e again. 7 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 第四单元地震 Reading 地球的一个不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生：三天来,村子里的井水升升降降,起起伏伏；农夫留意到,水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝,裂缝里冒出臭气；农家 大院里的鸡 ,甚至猪都紧急得不想吃食；老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身；鱼缸和池塘里的鱼会往 外跳；在 1976 年 7 月 28 日凌晨 3 点左右,有些人看到天上一道道光明的光；即使天空没有飞机,在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声；在市内,有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来；但是,唐山市的一百万

47、居民几乎都没有把这些情形当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了；在凌晨 3 点 42 分,一切都开头摇晃起来；世界好像到了末日.二十世纪最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11 公里处发生了；100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震,全国 1 / 3 的地方都有震感；一条 8 公里长 30 米宽的庞大裂缝横穿房舍、公路和渠道；地上一些地窖冒出了蒸气；石头山变成了泥沙河,在可怕的 15 秒钟内,一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中；人们遭受的灾难极为沉重；个家庭遇难,很多孩子变成了孤儿；死伤的人数达到2/3 的人在地震中死去或受伤；成千上万 40 多万； 幸存的人们又怎么能信任这是自然现象呢 .人们无论朝哪里看,哪里的一切都几乎被毁了；全部的市内医院、75% 的工厂和建筑物、90% 的家园都消逝了；残砖就像秋天的红叶掩盖着大地,然而它们是不行能被风刮走的；两座大 坝垮了,多数桥梁不是塌了就是无法安全通行了；铁轨如今成了一条条废钢；好几