中考初中英语不规则动词变化时态变化表.doc

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1、初中英语不规则动词及规则变化时态变化表1. A-A-A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 setsetset建立 shutshutshut关闭 castcastcast扔、投掷2. A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3. A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come 来 run ran run 跑 become b

2、ecame become 变 4. A -B -B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 feed fed fed 喂，养 lead led led 引导，导致 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sen

3、t 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 lie lay- lain 1.躺,卧,平躺；平卧；横卧(常与 down 连用) 2.位于, 坐落在laylaidlaid产卵；放置 (lielaylain躺， lieliedlied 说谎) pay paid paid 付（常与for连用） lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 oversleeptoversleptoversl

4、ept睡过头sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got/gotten 得到 sit sat sat 坐hang hung hung悬挂 （hang hang

5、ed hanged上吊、处以绞刑）have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 keep kept kept 保持 tell told told 告诉smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 dig dug dug 挖 babysitbabysatbabysat照顾小孩spell spelt /spelledspelt /spelled拼写5. A-B-C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） （1）在

6、动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿riseroserisen升起来 shake shookshaken摇 taketooktaken拿 mistakemistookmistaken弄错 wakewokewoken/woke醒来 breakbrokebroken打破 choosechosechosen选择 see saw seen 看见 write wrote w

7、ritten 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 驱赶 fly flew flown 飞 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed showed/shown 展示 （2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 损坏 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken叫醒

8、 弄醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten/ forgot忘记（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。 begin began begun 开始 sink sank sunk 下沉 ，下降 ring rang rung （使 )鸣,响;按铃;敲钟;打电话给 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 喝 （4）其他不规则动词的变化。 be(am, is) was been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did

9、 done 做 go went gone 去 wear - wore - worn 1.穿着,戴着; 蓄, 留;擦; 2.磨损,变旧,用坏,穿旧 6. AB型（情态动词只有过去式，没有过去分词）maymight也许 cancould 能够shallshould将要 willwould将要、想要 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化: 1) 规则变化 一般在动词原形后加-ed call called open opened need needed 发音规则-ed在清辅音音素后 发音为t，在浊辅音后发音为d，在元音后发音也为d -ed在t、d 后发音为id 注意但fix 2）以-e结尾的动词加-d ph

10、one phoned hope hoped agree agreed 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i， 再加-ed Study studied studied carry carried carried try tried tried4）以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed enjoy enjoyed enjoyed stay stayed stayed play played played 5末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed plan planned fit fitted stop stopped 6)以-r音节结尾的词，双写r字母， 再加-ed ref

11、er referred prefer preferred 三.延续性动词与非延续性动（即短暂性动词）词之间的转换：（非延续动词不可以用于for/since+时间段状语的句子里，而延续性动词可以用于其中）leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, join - be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth - keep sth open, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, ca

12、tch a cold - have a cold, come here - be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in), leave - be away from, get to know - know,go (get) out be out， put on wear；catch a cold have a cold等。 例:The old man died 4 years ago. (die 非延续

13、动词) -The old man has been dead for 4 years. (be dead 延续性动词) - It is 4 years since the old man died. -Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. （ join非延续动词-He has been in the Party for 2 years. (be in延续性动词) I bought the book 5 days ago. (buy非延续动词)- I have had the book for 5 days ago (have延续性动词)5