八年级下册Unit6教案.doc

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1、Unit 6单词1. collect (v) 收集；搜集 collection (n) 收藏品；收藏物 collector 收藏家；收藏者通常情况动词后加“er”构成名词，表示执行这一动作的人。但部分词在后面加“or”比如：visitor (参观者) inventor (发明家)2.skate （v）滑冰；（n）溜冰鞋 skater(n) 滑冰者3. pair (n) 一对；一双 a pair of 一双/对/副/条 a pair of shoes / glasses 一双鞋/ 一副眼镜4.since (prep) 自从；自从以来 ever since 自那时起一直到现在5.raise (v)

2、 筹集；举起(手) Raise your hand! 举起你的手。6.particularly (adv) 特别；尤其 = specially ; especially particular (adj) 特别的；尤其的 = special ; especialmon (adj) 共同的；公共的 in common 共同8. topic = subject 话题；主题9. capital (n) 省会；首都 the capital of 的首都/省会10.European (adj) 欧洲的；欧洲人；欧洲人的 Europe (n) 欧洲11.Australian (adj) 澳大利亚的; 澳大利

3、亚人；澳大利亚人的 Australia (n) 澳大利亚12.thousand 一千 thousands of 数千；几千；成千上万类似结构： hundreds of 数百；几百；成百上千 millions of 数百万；许许多多13.emperer (n) 皇帝 empire (n) 帝国14.foreigner (n) 外国人 foreign (adj)外国的15. quite (adv) 相当；十分 quite a / an + adj + n quite a good book 一本相当好的书语法（Grammar）:一、现在完成时(The present perfect tense)一

4、、概念1、过去的动作对现在造成了影响和结果eg. 1)I have opened the door. = I opened the door . Now the door is still open 2) She has lost her book.= She lost her book. Now she is looking for it everywhere. 3)They have come here.= They came here. Now they are still here.2、过去开始的动作持续到现在(常与表时间段的since/for短语连用)eg. 1)I have liv

5、ed here for ten years.2) He has learned English since three years ago.二、构成： 助动词(have / has) +过去分词三、时间状语（标志词）1)already; never; ever; just; once(twice, three times,)2)since / for短语(表示时间段) since two years ago = for two years3)so far(到现在为止)4)单独的before5)in the past/ last 200 years6)this year; today; thes

6、e days注意：since + 过去时间 /过去时从句 提问用for + 时间段 how longeg. 1) Tom has been in China for two years. How long has Tom been in China?2) He has been at this school since he came here. How long has he been at this school?四、“短命”动词与“长命”动词之间的转化：现在完成时的第二种用法中，表示的是“过去开始的动作持续到现在”，所以该类用法中要求谓语动词必须使用延续性动词（简称“长命动词”）。在该用

7、法中应将非延续性动词（简称“短命动词”）转化为延续性动词。常见的转化如下：buyhave ; borrowkeep ; diebe dead ; leavebe away (from); come backbe back; fall asleepbe asleep ; openbe open ;catch a coldhave a cold; go /get outbe out; arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点be in +地点；joinbe in +集体（或be + 成员）；turn onbe on; turn offbe off ;get a l

8、etter fromhave a letter from.end /finishbe over ; get upbe up get to know (相识)know(认识) beginbe oneg.1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. _2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? _3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from

9、(C) Jim for two days (D). _5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). _6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) _7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. _另外注意以下句型的转化：1他父亲死了十年了。His father died ten years ago.= His father has been dead for ten years= His f

10、ather has been dead since ten years ago.= It is ten years since his father died.= It has been ten years since his father died.2这本书我买了两年了。 I bought the book two years ago.= I have had the book for two years.= I have had the book since two years ago.= It is two years since I bought the book.练习（同义句转化）1

11、.My cousin has been asleep for ten minutes. My cousin _ _ ten minutes ago.2.The paper factory opened in 1999. The paper factory _ _ _ since 1999.3.Mr. Smith borrowed the book three days ago.Mr. Smith _ _ the book for three days.4.The football match began half an hour ago. The football match _ _ _ fo

12、r half an hour.5.I bought the piano five years ago. It _ _ five years since I bought the piano.6.The baby caught a cold last night . The baby _ _a cold since last night .7.Her grandma has been dead for two years. It _two years _ her grandma died.8.My uncle joined the football team last term. My uncl

13、e _ _ _ _ of the football team since last term.9.They got to Shanghai four months ago.They _ _ _ Shanghai for four months.10.He left the company at ten past eight.He _ _ _ from the company since ten past eight二、现在完成进行时一、概念：过去开始的某一动作，一直进行到现在（这种用法与现在完成时的第二种用法相似，常可替换）；一直到说话为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。eg.1)I have b

14、een reading books all this morning. 整个上午我一直在读书。 2)I have been calling you several times in two days. 两天内我给你打了几次电话。二、构成： 助动词(have / has) been + doing 三、时间状语（标志词）：all night (整个晚上)；all the morning(整早晨)；recently(最近)以及since / for 短语。另外注意：现在完成时在翻译时常可加上“已经”，而现在完成进行时常可加上“一直”。练习题 (用所给动词的适当形式填空)1. Mr. Smith _

15、 (live) in Beijing for ten years.2. I really enjoy _ (keep) pigs. 3. How long _ you _ (be) like this?4. The captain _ (train) the children when I saw him yesterday. 5. Hell write to me as soon as he _ (reach) Suzhou. 6. _ you ever_(see) the film? Yes, I _ (see) it two weeks ago. 7. In the past five

16、years, Robert _ (visit) England twice. 8. Please go and see who _ (cry) in the next room. 9. It is over three years since I _ (come) back from Tianjin.10. I dont know when he _ (come) back, but Ill tell you as soon as he _ (get) back. 11.Where are the twins? They _ (get) dressed in the next room. 12

17、. We _ (learn) one thousand words so far.13. He said they _ (grow) cotton the next year. 14. I _ (wash) my hands when the telephone rang. 15Tom, you _(not finish) your lunch yet. Sorry. I had a little, but I dont feel like _ (eat). 16. I _ just _ (read)an interesting story.17. He _ (cross) the stree

18、t when he was hit by a car. 18. Stop _ (talk), please. Lets have our class. 19.I didnt know how _ (talk) tothe headmaster. 20. How long _ the meeting _ (be) on?For two hours. 21. Jack has a nice watch. He _ (have) it for three years.22.Where is Tom?He _ (go) to the post office. He said he _(come) ba

19、ck soon. 23. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, we _ (go) fishing. 24. I hear that they _ already _ (go) abroad. 25. _ you ever _ (read) the book?26. Would you like _ (go) out for a walk with us after supper?27. The doctor told me _ (not eat) much meat.28. I find it boring _ (be) a doctor for animals. 29.

20、 Mrs Parley was busy _ (do) her homework. Suddenly an earthquake_ (rock) the city. 30.The girl is ill. She needs _ (send) to hospital at once. Unit6短语及知识点1. be the first (one)to do sth 是做的第一/ 首批人eg. He is the first one to get to school.他是第一个到校的人。2. a pair of 一双（对；副；条） 用于由两部分构成的名词前。如：glasses (眼镜); sc

21、issors (剪刀); chopsticks (筷子);trousers (裤子); jeans (牛仔裤)eg. a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 two pairs of scissors 两把剪刀 some pairs of trousers 几条裤子3.run out of 用完；用尽eg.make room for 为腾出空间 There are four rooms in my family. 我家有四间房。5.writer wanted 作者招聘6. be from = come from 来自；从来eg.He is from Sichuan = He comes

22、from Sichuan他来自四川。Is she from China?= Does she come from China?Li Lei isnt from Beijing.=Li Lei doesnt come from Beijing.7.the capital of 的首都/ 省会eg.1)Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。 2)Chengdu is the capital of Sichuan Province. 成都是四川省的省会。8.This is an interesting city with a very colorful

23、history. 这是一个具有丰富多彩历史的有趣城市。注意：with介词短语作定语，意为“有；具有”。eg.1)Do you know the man with one eye? 你认识那个独眼的人吗？（有一个眼睛的人） 2)China is an old country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的古老国家。（有很长历史的古国）9. be certain = be sure 确信；肯定 be certain + that从句eg. Im certain (that) our team will win 我坚信我们队会赢。 be certain to doeg

24、. He is certain to pass the exam. 他肯定会通过这次考试。 be certain of stheg. We are certain of victory 我们确信会胜利。10. by the way 顺便说一下；顺便问一下11. be interested in 对感兴趣12.quite 相当；十分 quite 常用于冠词a / an 之前。即：quite a / an + 形容词+ 名词eg. This is quite an interesting book = This is a very interesting book.这是一本相当有趣的书。13.be

25、 welcomed by 被欢迎注：这是一个被动结构的短语。14.My friends in Australia said that Chinese history was hard to understand. 我在澳大利亚的朋友说中国历史难懂。（理解起来很难）eg. The book is easy to read. 这书读起来简单。15. the 比较级，the 比较级： 越，越eg.1)The more , the better 越多越好。（多多益善） 2)The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 你吃得越多，你将会越胖。 3)The lazi

26、er you are, the less you will get. 你越懒，收获越少。16.Im certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008.我肯定会在这里支持2008年的奥运会。注意：for 在这里的意思是“支持；赞同”。其反义词为against “反对；不赞成”eg. Are you for the government or against it?你支持还是反对政府？另外：all for 完全赞同eg. Im all for buying a new car. 我完全赞同买辆新车。17.表时间段的短语： for five y

27、ears 五年 since five years ago 自五年前以来 since he was ten years old 自他十岁以来Unit6生词:1.participant 参加者；参与者2.dynasty 朝代；王朝3.character （小说；戏剧中的）人物4.congratulation 祝获（常用作复数） congratulations on sth 祝获某事 congratulations to sb 向某人祝获5.stuffed animals 标本动物6.apply 应用；实施 apply for 提出申请/ 要求练习题一、翻译短语。1. 自三年前以来_2. 是做的第一

28、个人_3. 三副眼镜 _4. 用完；用尽 _5. 为腾出空间_6. 的首都/ 省会_7. 顺便说一下；顺便问一下_8. 对感兴趣 _9. 受到的欢迎 _10.一本相当好的书_11.越多越好 _12.一张三条腿的课桌_二、选择填空。( )1.How long have you been studying today? _.A. After 10 oclock B. In two hours C. Since 10 oclock( )2.Mr. White _ for twenty years.A. have been teaching B. has been teachingC. has be

29、teaching( )3.The singers are singing _ the poor students in the hope school.A. raise money for B. to raise money forC. to rise money for( )4.I was _ get to the top of the hill.A. the first one to B. the first oneC. the one first to( )5.This pair of shoes _ for you.A. is B. are C. be( )6._ is your ho

30、bby? I like listening to music. Ive been listening music _ five years ago.A. What ; for B. What ; since C. How ; since( )7.How long has Mr. Green lived _ Lanzhou? Hes lived here _ 1990.A. in ; for B. in ; since C. at ; by( )8.How long has the man been waiting? He _ for 20 minutes.A. has been waiting

31、 B. is waiting C. was waiting( )9. My uncle went to Australia last year. We havent seen him _.A. since almost a year. B. from almost a year onC. since almost a year ago( )10. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lost( )11._ has he learned English? Sin

32、ce 2004.A. How long B. How often C. How soon( )12. Mr. Brown has worked in our school _he came in 1990.A. when B. for C. since( )13.My sister is interested in _ stamps.A. collect B. to collect C. collecting( )14.Tom has been here _ just one year, but his father has worked here _ ten years ago.A. sin

33、ce ; for B. for ; since C. since ; since( )15.My uncle has just bought a house _ a small garden in front of it.A. with B. of C. near( )16.Remember this , children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make.A. The more ; the more B. The fewer ; the moreC. The more ; the fewer( )17.I have _. Do you

34、want to read it?A. very an interesting B. quite an interestingC. a quite interesting( )18.Where is your father, Jim? He _ Hong Kong.A. has gone to B. has been to C. goes( )19.How long has your mother been cooking for your family? _ ten years.A. For B. Since C. As( )20.I_ in this school since ten yea

35、rs ago.A. have come B. have been working C. work三、句型转换。1. Mr. Zhang went to London two years ago. He is there now(同义句). Mr. Zhang _ _ in London _ two years.2. They have been friends for ten years (提问) _ _ have they been friends?3. Im certain I will be here in time.(同义句) Im certain _ _ here in time.4

36、. I have taught here since three years ago.(同义句) I have taught here _ _ _5. He bought the book two years ago.(同义句)He _ _ the book _ two years.He _ _ the book _ two years ago._ _ two years _ he bought the book.四、根据汉语完成句子。1.西安是一座有着悠久历史的古老城市。 Xian is an old city _ a very _ history.2. 这本小说很难懂。 The novel

37、 is _ _ _.3. 我确信我们将通过考试。 I _ _ we will pass the exam.4. 哈尔滨的一些古老建筑是俄罗斯风格的。 Some of the old buildings in Harbin are _ _ _5.我在中国教书两年了。 I _ _ in China _ two years.五、短文改错。判断下列短文划线部分是否正确，正确的划“”，错误的请改正。After I finished the school(1) this year. I began to look for work. And several month(2) later, I still

38、hadnt found the job that I was interested(3). Last Sunday morning I received a phone call from a man calling him(4) Mr. Smith . He said to me on the phone, “I hear you do(5) very well in your studies. I may have a job for(6) you.” I went into his office with(7) beating a heart(跳动的心). How I hoped I will(8) go through the job talk today and he would take me on as a lab assistant(助手). But to my surprised(9), what he said disappointing(10). He only needed a mode答题处： 1._ 2._ 3._4._ 5._ 6._ 7._8._ 9._ 10._