2022年初中英语不定代词讲解及习题.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 不定代词一、不定代词概述不定义不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词常 见some 类something, somebody, someone 不 定any 类定代词no 类代every 类词其他all, each, both, none, one, much, many, afew, alittle, either, neither, other, another 充 当 作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分二、常见不定代词的基本用法1、 some 和 any: 都是“ 一些” 的意思,都可与可数名词复数或不行数名词连用；1 some 一般用于确定句

2、中,any 一般用于否定句或疑问句中；Eg. _ _ 2 在表示恳求、建议或期望得到确定回答的疑问句中,应当用 Eg. Would you please give me some paper. some 而不用 any；_ 3 当 any 表示“ 任何” 或“ 无论哪一个” 的意义时,可以用于确定句,此时 any 要重 读；Eg. You may come at any time that is convenient to you. _ 2、 表示数量的不定代词 1many_, few_, a few_, 用以代替或修饰可数名词；2much_, little_, a little_,用以代替或

3、修饰不行数名词；3 _和_表示确定意义,_和_表示否定意义；4a lot of 和 plenty of 等短语既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不行数名词；3、表示两者和三者的不定代词1表示两者 : both, either, neither 3表示确定： both, all 练一练：用以上不定代词填空；2表示三者 : all, any, none, every 4表示否定： none, neither 我的父母都是医生；_ 街道的两边都种了树；There are trees on _ sides of the street. = There are trees on _ side of the

4、street. 他有两个儿子,都不富有；He has two sons. _ of them is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有；三、复合不定代词的用法He has three sons. _ of them is rich. 1复合不定代词 somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody 等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上 body, thing 构成的 ,叫做复合不定代词 ,在句子中当单数使用；2somebody, something, someone 一般用于确定句中； anythin

5、g, anybody, anyone 一般用于疑问句和否定句中；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3假如要在疑问句中表示恳求、建议等确定的意思或者希望得到确定的答复时,用 somebody, someone 或 something ；4 修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式应放在它们的后面；Eg. He has nothing much to do today. 他今日没有多少事情做；Lucy hasnt anything important to do. 四、疑难拓展1、few/a few/little/a littl

6、e 露西没有任何重要时做；1后接名词的不同；_和_后接可数名词复数,_和_后接不行数名词；Eg. There are _ new words in the text. 课文中有一些新单词；Can you speak _ English. 你能说一点英语吗？2表示确定意义和否定意义的区分；示否定；_和_ 表示确定, _和 _表Eg. I have _ friends there. I often play with them. There is _ meat at home. Let s buy some. 2、other/others/the other/another 1 other 表示“

7、 另一个” 的意思,在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,不独立使用,通常修 饰可数名词复数；2 others 可独立使用,无范畴限定；3 other 和 others 前面加定冠词the 时表示特指,不加the 表示泛指； The other 表示两个中的另一个,常用于句型 物；”one the other ” ,the others 表示全部其余的人或Eg. I have two brothers. _ is a doctor; _ is a teacher. He is always ready to help _. Five of them are in the classroom. What

8、about _. 4 another 另外一个,又一个,只能代替或修饰单数名词,可用作主语、宾语或定语,不独立使用；前面不加冠词；Eg. Dont lose heart. Have another try. 5 Another 后可以跟 few 或带数字的复数名词；Eg. Just think what our town will be like in another few years. Youd better stay in bed for another two weeks. 3、 部分否定及完全否定 Not 与不定代词 all, both, every 等表示全部意义的词连用时构成部分

9、否定；如要表示完全 否定,就需要换用 none, neither, no 等；练一练：翻译以下句子；All of the students like the novel._ Not all of the students like the novel. _ All of the students don t like the novel._ None of the students like the novel. _ 4、 all, both, each 等用作同位语 如用作主语同位语,主语可以是名词或代词；如用作宾语等其他成分的同位语,就宾语 等成分必需是人称代词,而不能时名词；名师归纳总结

10、 Eg. We all have read it.all 修饰的主语是代词 第 2 页,共 4 页The village all have been destroyed.all 修饰的主语是名词- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - They told us all to wait here.all 修饰的宾语是代词 5、 one 和 it 的区分使用1it 指代前面的某物；Eg. Where is my pen. I cant find it.it 指代前面提到的那支笔 2one 可以指人,也可以指物；用来代替上文中提到的单数可数名词以及防止重复,其复数形

11、式为 ones；Eg. Your pen is so nice. I want to buy one like this. 课堂演练一、单项；1. The two fishermen saw_ in the sky while they were fishing by a river. A. something strange B. anything strange C. strange something D. strange anything 2. - Is _ here. -No. Bob and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybody B. someb

12、ody C. everybody D. nobody 3.-Do you want tea or coffee. -_.I really dont mind A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 4. The old man has two sons .One is a soldier, _ is a worker. A. other B. the other C. others D. another 5. There are shops on _ side of the street._ of them do not close till 12 at ni

13、ght. A. both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many 6. There is not _ meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it. A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some 7. Could you do_for me, please. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 8. Sorry, I cant answer your question. I

14、know_ about the subject. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few 9. -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk. -_, thanks. I think Ill just have a glass of water. A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either 10. Tom shook his head and said to us there was _ in the classroom. A. anybody B. nobody

15、C. somebody D. everybody 11. Could I have _ bottle of apple juice, please. A. another B. other C. some more D. second 12. There are 25 techers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers. A. the other B. the others C. others D. other 13. They were all tired, but _of them t

16、ook a rest. A. none B. all C. both D.either 14. -We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which colour do you like. - I m afraid _. I think blue will be OK. A. both B. either C. neither D. none 15. -Can I come this afternoon o tomorrow morning. -_ is OK. I m free today and tomorrow. 名师归纳总结 A. Either B. Neit

17、her C. Both D. None 第 3 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 二、按要求完成句子；1. Both Tom and Tim are good at sports. （改为否定句）_ Tom _ Tim _ good at sports. 2. I can t speak much English. （同义句转化）I _ speak _ English. 3. There is something wrong with his eyes. （改为一般疑问句）_ _ _ wrong with his eyes. 4. Thi

18、s answer is right. That answer is also right （同义句转化）_ this answer _ that one are right. 5. They haven t visited the village. She hasn t visited the village either. （连成一句）_ 三、以下句子中各有一处错误,请找出并改正；1. It is very difficult, and a few people understand it. _ 2. Too many work has to be done. _ 3. Why not bu

19、y any bread. _ 4. Anyone know how to do it. _ 5. There is not nothing wrong with the radio. _ 家庭作业一、单项；1. The teacher asked the boy many questions, but he only ansewered _ of them. A.some B. lots C. each D. few 2. -I need something for cutting the paper. A. it B.that C. this D.one -Oh, you want a kn

20、ife. OK, I ll get _ for you. 3.Two places of inteerest in Beijing are well known to people from home and abroad. One is the Great Wall, and _ is the Summer Palace. A. the other B. another C. other D. others 4. -Would you like _ to drink. -Yes. I d like a cup of coffee. A. something else B. else some

21、thing C. anything else D. else anything 5. Maybe the disaster can destroy our homes, but _ can destroy the love in our people. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing 二、改错；1. All of my parents are doctors._ 2. There are many trees on both side of the road. _ 3. He has three sons, but neither of them lives there. _ 4. All of the storybooks is interesting. _ 5. I have important something to tell you. _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页