2022年中考英语语法冲刺.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 专题七：宾语从句考点集汇,讲解和训练一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语；依据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类；1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句； That 只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语 和非正式文体中可以省略；例如：He said that he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know that she is seriously ill.I am sure that he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词 wh

2、o, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句；这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当 某个成分；例如：Do you know who whom they are waiting foe. He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is. I don now why the train is late. 3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句； If 和 whether 在句中的意思是

3、“ 是否” ；例如：I want to know if whether he lives there. He asked me whether if I could help him. 二. 宾语从句的语序名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序；例如：I hear that physics isnt easy.I think that you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo. Please t

4、ell me when well have the meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 假如主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态；例如：I don t think that you are right.Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station. 2. 假如主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时, 过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）；例如：He asked what time it was. He told me that

5、he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 假如宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时；例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 【演练】名师归纳总结 - - - - -

6、- -第 2 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday. A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did 2. I want to know_. s his name A. what is his name B. what C. that his name is D. what his name is 3. Do you know _ I could pass the e

7、xam. A. that B. whether C. what D. which 4. Jim doesnt understand _.A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping 5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for. A. that B. whose C. who D. which 6. Mr. King didn

8、t know _ yesterday evening.A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home 7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D.

9、how did he mend 8. -I m waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive.-Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what 9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _. -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the p

10、ost office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office 10. -Can I help you. -Yes. I d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to get there. A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he spea

11、ks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what he s going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden. -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit C. when would you

12、 visit B. when you will visit D. when you would visit 13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang. A. what should we do C. what we should do B. we should do what D. should we do what 14. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited C. how excited wer

13、e they B. how excited they were D. they were how excited 15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether 16. -Could you tell me _. -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what

14、he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting 17. -Could you tell me _ last night. -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. what you were doing C. what you are doing B. what were you doing D. what are you doing 18. The teacher asked t

15、he students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had

16、 20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road.D. when A. how B. why C. that 专题八：状语从句的考点集汇,讲解和训练【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句；依据其含义状 语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,缘由状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句；1. 时间状语从句1时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引

17、导；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school,

18、 he went to work in a factory. 2在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状 态；例如：ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I I will tell him everything when he comes back. He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.3在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,假如主句用确定 式,其含义是 “ 始终到 时” ,谓语动词只能用连续性动词；假如主句用否定式,

19、其含义是 “直到 才 ”, “在 以前不 ”, 谓语动词可用瞬时动词；例如：The young man read till the light went out. Let s wait until the rain stops. We wont start until Bob comes. Dont get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句1条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导；例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow. 名师归纳总结 Dont leave the building unless I tell yo

20、u to. 第 7 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2在条件状语从句里, 谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态；例如：I ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.3 “祈使句 + and or+ 陈述句 ” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句；例如：Hurry up, or youll be late.ll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youStudy hard

21、and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 缘由状语从句1缘由状语从句通常由because, since, as引导；例如：He didn t come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can t answer the question, Ill ask someone else.2because表示直接缘由,语气最强；Because引导的缘由状语从句多放在主

22、句之后；回答由why 提出的问题,只能用because；As 和 since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的缘由； 由 as和 since引导的缘由状语从居多放在句首；例如：名师归纳总结 - Why arent going there.第 8 页,共 15 页- Because I don t want to.As he has no car, he cant get ther e easily. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Since we have no money, we cant buy it.3because和 so不能同用在一个句子里；4

23、. 结果状语从句 1结果状语从句由 so that, such that, so that 引导；例如：t buy a bike for his son. He is so poor that he canShe is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.2so that语 such.that可以互换；例如：在由 so.that引导的结果状语从句中, so是副词,与形容词连用；其 结构是 : “ .so + 形容词（副词） +

24、that + 从句 ” ；例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 在由 such that 引导的结果状语从句中,such 是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不行数名词； 名词前面可以带形容 词,也可不带；假如是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词 a 或 an；例如：It was such a hot day that nob

25、ody wanted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的；例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it

26、 again. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. 3假如名词前由 many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用 so, 不用 such；例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild ros

27、es. He has so little time that he cant go to the cin ema with you. 5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as as, 比较级 + than 等连词引导；例如：Tom runs faster than John does. This classroom is as big as that one. 6. 目的状语从句1目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that引导；例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train. He studies har

28、d so that he could work better in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. 2so that 既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句；区分这两种从 句的方法有两个： 1目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can, could, may, might 等； 2从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确；例如：目的状语从句 Speak clearly so that they may understand you. Jack is badly ill so that he

29、 has to rest. 7. 让步状语从句结果状语从句 名师归纳总结 1让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导；例如：第 10 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. 2althoughthough不能用在同一个句子中；例如：我们不能说： Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 应当说： Though

30、 it was raining hard, he still went out.或 It was raining hard, but he still went out. 8. 地点状语从句 where来引导；例如：地点状语从句经常由 Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【演练】一. 单项填空1. _ he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play

31、basket ball with us. -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. 名师归纳总结 A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help 第 11 页,共 15 页C. will fall; h

32、elp D. falls; helping - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _ cross t

33、he street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don t; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ fre e tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D.

34、was 9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to paly. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since

35、 B. so that C. as if D. unless 12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because

36、D. in order 14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since d like to go out for a walk. 15. It is _ that we A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too

37、D. very 17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. Write

38、 to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 练习：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. T

39、hey associate使发生联系 red with a strong feeling like 1 . Red is used for signs of 2 , such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of 3 in autumn. People say orange is a 4 color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of _5_. People say it is a cheerful color

40、. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in _6_. People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people _7_ two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and _8_. Where there are warm color and a lot of light, people usually

41、want to be _9_. Those who like to be with _10 _ like red. The cool colors are _11_ and blue. Where are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to _12 _ more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a good _13_ for a living room or a _

42、14_ . People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. _15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly. 名师归纳总结 1. A. sadness B. anger C. Administration D. smile 第 14 页,共 15 页2. A. roads B. Ways C. danger D. places 3. A. land B.

43、 leaves C. grass D. mountains 4. A. lively B. dark C. noisy D. frightening 5. A. Moonlight B. light C. sunlight D. stars 6. A. summer B. spring C. autumn D. winter 7. A. speak B. say C. talk about D. tell 8. A. Green B. yellow C. white D. gray 9. A. calm B. sleepy C. Active D. helpful 10. A. the other B. another C. other one D. others 11. A. black B. green C. Golden D. yellow - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 12. A. go round B. go by C. go off D. go along 13. A. One B. way C. fact D. matter