2022年中考英语状元笔记及知识点集.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 初 一 一 年 年 级 级 （ 上 上 ） 【学问梳理】8. have a look I. 重点短语 9. come on 1. Sit down 10. at work 2. on duty 11. at school 3. in English 12. put on 4. have a seat 13. look after 5. at home 14. get up 6. look like 15. go shopping 7. look atII. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about .3. Le

2、ts do sth.4. Its time to do sth.5. Its time for 6. What s . It is / Its7. Where is . Its .8. How old are you. Im .9. What class are you in. Im in .10. Welcome to .11. Whats plus . Its .12. I think13. Who s this. This is .14. What can you see？ I can see .15. There is are .16. What colour is it are th

3、ey. It They re 17. Whose is this. Its .18. What time is it. Its .III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/M r .2. Hello. Hi. 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are you. I m fine, thank you/thanks. And you. 5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you. Youre welcome.7. Goodbye. Bye. 8. What s your n

4、ame. My name is .9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Who s on duty today.11. Lets do.12. Let me see. IV. 重要语法1. 动词 be 的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和全部格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be 句型的用法；【名师讲解】1. in/on 在表示空间位置时, in 表示在某个空间的范畴以内, on 表示在某一个物体的表面之上；例如：There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟；There is a pictu

5、re on the wall. 墙上有张图；2. this/that/these/those 1this 常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是 this 的复数形式；初 一 一 年 年 级 级 （ 下 下 ） 【学问梳理】13. get home I. 重点短语 14. get to 1. a bottle of 15. get up 2. a little 16. have lunch 3. a lot of 17. have supper 4. all day 18. listen to 5. be from 19. not at all6. be over 20.

6、put away7. come back 21. take off 8. come from 22. on a farm 9. get down 23. in a factory 10. go shopping 24. have a look 11. have a drink of 25. have breakfast 12. would like 26. do the shopping 27. throw it like that 28. do one s homework 29. in the middle of the day 30. in the morning / afternoon

7、/ evening II. 重要句型1. Let sb. do sth. 2. Could sb. do sth. 3. would like sth. 4. would like to do sth. 5. What about something to eat. s 6. How do you spell . 7. May I borrow .III. 交际用语1. Thanks very much. Youre welcome. 2. Put it/them away. 3. Whats wrong. 4. I think so. I dont think so. 5. I want t

8、o take some books to the classroom. 6. Give me a bottle of orange juice,please. 7. Whats your favourite sport. 8. Dont worry. 9.I m not good at basketball.t.10. Do you want a go. 11. Thats right./ Thatight./ All right. 12. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries.Yes, I do. / No, I don13. We / Th

9、ey have some CDs. We / They don t have any CDs.14. -What day is it today / tomorrow. - It s Monday.15. -May I borrow your colour pens, please. -Certainly. Here you are. 16. -Where are you from. -From Beijing. 17.Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK. 18. -Where are you from. -From Beijing. 19. Wha

10、ts your telephone number in New York. 20. -Do you like hot dogs. -Yes, I do. A little. / A lot. / Very much. -No, I dont. I dont like them at all. 21. -What does your mother like. -She likes dumplings and vegetables 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 28 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - that 常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人 更远一点的

11、人和事,those是 that 的复数形式；例如：You look in this box and Ill look in thatone over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看 那边的那个盒子；I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆；Take these books to his room, please.请把这些书拿到他房间去；This is mine; thats yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的；These are apples; those are oranges.这 些是苹果,那些是橘子；2在打电话的用语中,this常常

12、指的是 我, that 常常指的是对方；例如：very much. 22. -When do you go to school every day. -I go to school at 7:00 every day. 23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening. -He goes to bed at 10:00. IV. 重要语法1.人称代词的用法；2. 祈使句；3. 现在进行时的构成和用法；4动词 have 的用法；5一般现在时构成和用法；6可数名词和不行数名词的构成和用法【名师讲解】1. Thats right./ Thats all

13、right./ All right. That s right意为 “ 对的 ” ,表示赞同对方的意 见、看法或行为,确定对方的答案或判定；例如：I think we must help the old man.我想我 们应当帮忙这位老人； Thats right. 或 Youre right. 说得对This is Mary speaking. Whos that.；That s all right .意为 “不用谢 ” 、“ 没关系 ” ,玛丽；你是谁？3. There be/ have 用用来回答对方的致谢或赔礼；例如：Many thanks. Thats all right. Sorr

14、y. Its broken. Thats all right. All right.意为 “ 行了 ” 、 “ 可以 ” ,表示同意对There be 有 ,其准确含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物；其结构是： There be + 某人方的建议或要求；有时仍可以表示“ 身体很或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语；There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要好 ”Please tell me about it. 请把此事告知 我； 和主语在数上保持一样, be 动词后面的名词是All right. 好吧； Is your mother all right.你妈身体好吗 2. make/

15、do 单数或不行数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are；例如：这两个词都可以说明为“ 做 ” ,但含义却1 There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐；2 There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个 娃娃；3 There are many apples on the tree.那树上 有很多苹果；总之, There be 结构强调的是一种客观存在的有 ； have表示 拥有,占有,具有 ,即：某人有某物 sb. have / has sth.；主语一般是名 词或代词,与主语是所属关系；例如：4 I hav

16、e two brothers and one sister.我有两个 兄弟,一个姐姐；5 That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个 房间；4. look/ see/ watch 1look 表示 “ 看、瞧 ” ,着重指仔细看,强调 看的动作, 表示有意识地留意看,但不肯定看到,以提示对方留意；,如：不同, 不能混用； make 指做东西或制东西,do 指做一件详细的事；Can you make a paper boat for me.你能 为我做个纸船吗？Hes doing his homework now. 他正在做 他的作业；3. say/speak/talk/

17、tell say：是最口语化的最一般的一个词,意为“ 说出 ” 、“ 说道 ” ,着重所说的话；如：“ I want to go there by bus” , he said . “ 我要坐汽车到那里去；”Please say it in English .请用英语说 speak : “ 说话 ” ,着重开口发声, 不着重所说 的内容, 一般用作不及物动词 即后面不能 直接接宾语 ；如：Can you speak about him. 你能不能说说他 的情形？t like to speak like this . 我不喜爱这样 I don 说话；speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等

18、连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的才能；如： She speaks English well.她英语说得 好；talk : 与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的动名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 28 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Look. The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑嬉戏；Look. What s that over there. 看！那边那个是作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用 作不及物动词,不过, talk 示意话是对某 人说的, 有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地 和别

19、人谈话；如：什么？/物,I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事；单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人Old women like to talk with children.老年妇其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如：女喜爱和孩子们交谈；Hes looking at me；他正在看着我；2see强调 “ 看 ”的结果, 着重的是 look 这个动 作的结果,意思是“ 看到 ” , see 是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语；如：What can you see in the picture.你能在图上 看到什么？Look at the blackboa

20、rd. What did you see on it. 看黑板！你看到了什么？3watch“ 观看,凝视 ” ,侧重于场面,表示全 神贯注地观看、 观看或凝视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”tell : “告知 ” ,除较少情形外, 一般后面总接 双宾语；如：Hes telling me a story. 他在给我讲故事；tell a lie 撒谎 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth. Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard. 4. do cooking/ do the cooki

21、ng do cooking 作 “做饭 ” 解,属泛指； do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭；cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面 可用 some, much修饰； 从 do some cooking可引出很多类似的短语：do some washing洗些衣服 do some shopping 买些东西 do some reading 读书等；如：do some writing 写些东西不能 用do some fishing 钓鱼Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,昨天我们从电视上看

22、了一场足球竞赛；some, much或定冠词；4. put on/ / in go shopping 去买东西go fishing 去钓鱼put on 意为 “ 穿上, 戴上 ” ；主要指 “ 穿上 ” 这一go boating 去划船动作 , 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词；go swimming 去游泳in 是介词,表示 “ 穿着 ” ,强调状态；在句中 可以做定语、标语和状语；如：5. like doing sth./ like to do sth. like doing sth. 与 like to do sth. 意思相同,但用法有区分； 前者强调一般性的爱好或者名师归纳总结 It s

23、cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿表示动作的习惯性和常常性；后者表示一次t like 第 3 页,共 28 页上你的外衣；He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,性和偶然性的动作；例如：He likes playing football, but he doesn to play football with Li Ming. 走了出去；他喜爱踢足球,但是他不喜爱和李明踢；6. other/ others/ the other/ another s mother. other 表其余的,别的,The woman in

24、a white blouse is John穿白色衬衣的穿白色衬衣的是John 的妈妈；Have you any other questions.你仍有其他5. house/ home/family ; Home: 问题吗 . others 别的人,别的东西house ：“ 房子 ” ,指居住的建筑物In the room some people are American, the “ 家 ” ,指一个人同家人共同常常居住的地others are French.在屋子里一些人是 美国人 ,其他的是法国人；方; Family: “ 家庭 “ ,“ 家庭成员 ” ；例如：the other 表另一

25、个（二者之中）one ,the Please come to my house this afternoon. 今other 表示另一个（二者之中）one ,天下午请到我家来；He is not at home. 他不在家；My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得 很早；the otherOne of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese. 我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文 ,另一个学中文；another 表示三者以上的另一个,另一些6. fine, nice, good, well The

26、re is room for another few books on the 四者都可用作形容词表示 好 之意,但前三者shelf.书架上仍可以放点书；7. in the tree/ on the tree in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为 在既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语；主要区分在于：树上 但英语中有区分；in the tree表示某- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 fine 指物时表示的是质量上的 精细 ,形 容人时表示的是 身体健康 ,也可以用来指 天气晴朗 ；例如：Your parents are

27、 very fine. 你父母身体很健 康；Thats a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器；Its a fine day for a walk today. 今日是漫步的 好时候；2 nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有 美好 ,人、某事（不属于树本身生长出的别的东西）落在树上,表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在 树上时,要使用 on the tree.如：There are some apples on the tree.那棵树上 有些苹果；There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只鸟；8. some/ any 1some和 any 既可修饰可数名词,也可

28、 修饰不行数名词；但有以下两点需要 留意；some常用于确定句中,和疑问句中；如：any 常用于否定句 美丽 的意思, 也可用于问候或颂扬别人；例There is some water in the glass. Is there any water in the glass. There isnt any water in the glass. 如：Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很美丽；These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看；Nice to meet you.见到你很兴奋；Its very nice of you. 你真好；3good形容人时指 品

29、德好 ,形容物时指 质量好 ,是表示人或物各方面都好的一般用 语；例如：Her son is a good student.她儿子是一个好学 生；The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很 好；4well 只可用来形容人的 身体好 ,但不能 作定语, 它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修2在说话者期望得到确定答复的一般疑问 句中,或在表示恳求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依旧用 some；如：Would you like some tea. 9. tall/ high 1说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主 要用 tall,不用 high,例如 : a tall woman 一个高

30、个子妇女a tall horse 一个高大的马2说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用 high,而不用 tall,比如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如：He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在树 上；The plane is so high in the sky. 飞机在空中 这么高；3指建筑物、山时要 tall 或 high 都可以,不过 high 的程度比 tall 高；饰的动词之后；例如：Im very well, thanks. 我身体很好,感谢；My friends sing well. 我的伴侣们唱歌得好；4high 可作副词, tall 不能；5ta

31、ll 的反义词为short, high 的反义词为low. 10. can/ could 【考点扫描】1. 动词 be 的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和全部格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be 句型的用法；6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语；初 二 二 年 年 级 级 （ 上 上 ） 【学问梳理】I. 重点短语 1. have some problems doing sth. 2. go the wrong way 3. in the open air 4. on Mid-Autumn Day 5. on the l

32、eft/right side 6. at the same time 7. the day before yesterday 8. half an hour ago 9. a moment ago 10. in the country 11. the day after tomorrow 12. go on a field trip 1 can 表示体力和脑力方面的才能,或根 据客观条件能做某种动作的 才能 ；例如：Can you ride a bike？ 你会骑自行车吗？What can I do for you？ 要帮忙吗？Can you make a cake？你会做蛋糕吗？2 can

33、用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示 说话人的 怀疑 推测 或不愿定；例如：Where can he be？他会在什么地方呢？Can the news be true？这个消息会是真的 吗？It surely cant be six oclock already？不行 能已经六点钟了吧？You cant be hungry so soon,Tom,youve just had lunch.汤姆,你不行能饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭；What can he mean？他会是什么意思？3 could：could 是 can 的过去式,表示过 去有过的才能和可能性（在否定和疑问句中）；例如：The docto

34、r said he could help him.（才能）医生说他能帮忙他；Lily could swim when she was four years old.（ 才能）当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 28 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 13. on time 27. come over At that time we thought the story could be 名师归纳总结 14. best wishes 15. give a talk 28. have to 29. get home true.（ 可能

35、性） 那时我们以为所说的可能是第 5 页,共 28 页真的；16. for example 17. short for 30. agree with 31. in town could可代替 can 表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为动听；例如：18. a waste of time 19. go fishing 32. all the same 33. in front of Could I speak to John,please？我能和约翰说话吗？20. I agree 21. next week 34. next to 35. up and down Could you？在口语中表示恳求对

36、方做事；22. have a picnic 36. just now 例如：23. hurry up 24. get together 37. keep healthy 38. grow up Could you wait half an hour？请你等半个小时好吗？25. by the way 26. all the time39. at first 40. last SaturdayCould you please ring again at six？ 六点钟t 请你再打电话好吗？II. 重要句型4 can 的形式 只有现在式 can 和过去式 could两种形式；1. have fun

37、 doing sth. 2. Why don t you .能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时3. We re going to do sth. 也能表示将来；有其他时态（包括将来时）4. start with sth. 5. Why not . 6. Are you going to .须用 be able to加动词不定式来表示；例如：They have not been able to come to Beijing. 7. be friendly to sb. 8. You d better do sth.他们没有能到北京来；11. look for/ find 9. ask sb

38、. for sth. look for 意为 “ 查找 ” ,而 find 意为 “ 找到,10. say goodbye to sb. 11. Good luckwith sb. 发觉 ” ,前者强调 “ 找” 这一动作,并不留意“ 找” 的结果,而后者就强调“ 找” 的结果；III. 交际用语例如：1.Welcome backto school. She can t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺2.Excuse me. I traffic is bad. m sorry Im late, bec ause the 子啦；Tom is looking for his wat

39、ch,but he can 3.It doesnt matter.4.Happy Teachers Day .find it.汤姆正在查找他的手表,但没能找 到；5.That s a good idea.6.What are you going to do？7.Where are we going . 8.What are we going to do . 12. be sleeping/ be asleep be sleeping 表示动作,意思是 “ 正在睡觉 ” ；be asleep 表示状态,意思是“睡着了 ” ；如：9.I 10.Itm good at s not far from-

40、What are the children doing in the room. 孩子们在房间里做什么？-They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉；The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡着了；13. often/ usually/sometimes often 表示 常常 , sometimes表示 有时候11. Are you free tomorrow evening. 12.Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival. 13.I m glad you

41、can come.14.Thanks for asking us. 15.How about another one. 16.May I have a taste. 17.Let me walk with you. 18.What do you have to do. 19.Do you live on a farm. 20.Which do you like better, the city or the country. 21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens. 22.Shall we go at ten. Good idea.

42、23.-Let s make it half past one. -OK. ,在表示发生频率上often 要高于 usually,usually 要高于 sometimes；这三个词表示的是常常性, 一般性的动作或情形,常与一般现在时连用,常位于主要谓语动词的前面,其他谓语动词（be 动词,情态动词和助动词）的后面,有时也可位于句尾；假如要加强语气,就放在句首；We usually play basketball after school.我们 通常放学后打篮球；24.-Why not come a little earlier. -All Sometimes I go to bed earl

43、y.有时,我睡觉很right. 早；25.Its over there on the right. He often reads English in the morning.他经26.Excuse me. Where s the nearest post office, 常在早晨读英语；please. 27.I m sorry I dont know. 14. how much/ how many 28.You d betterhow much常用来询问某一商品的价格,常29.Thank you all the same. 见句式是 How much is / are .30.Which bus do I take. How much is the skirt. 这条裙子多少钱？31.Go along this road. How much are the bananas. 这些香蕉多32.What day was it yesterday. 少钱？33.I m sorry to hear that.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 34.I hope youre better now.35.Why did you call me. 36.I called to tell【名师