2022年年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解.docx

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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考2005 年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解 理工类 B 级试题 第 1 部分：词汇选项 第 1 15 题,每题 1 分,共 15 分 下面共有 15 个句子,每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中挑选 1 个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语；请将答案涂在答题卡相应的 位置上；1 It is obvious that he will win the game A likely B possible C clear D strange 2 There i

2、s no risk to public health A point B danger C chance D hope 3 Did anyone call me when was out. A invite C answer B name D phone 4 It took us along time to mend the house A build B destroy C design D repair 5 I don t quite follow what she is saying A believe B understand C explain D accept 6 We can n

3、o longer put up with his actions A bear B accept C support D oppose 7 Loud noises can be irritating A confusing B interesting C stimulating D annoying 8 That player is eternally arguing with the referee 9QzbnTlWjh A desperately C eventually B constantly D extensively 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

4、- - - - - - 第 1 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考9 The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan.9QzbnTlWjh A unclear B firm C short D neat 10 Gambling is lawful in Nevadapopular A B booming C legal D profitable 11 These are their motives fo

5、r doing it- A reasons B excuses C answers D plans 12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. 9QzbnTlWjh A twists B stretches C broadens D bends 13 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs- A abuse B flavor C temptation D consumption 14 These programmes are of immense value to old peopl

6、e9QzbnTlWjh A natural B fatal C tiny D enormous 15 A great deal has been done to remedy the situation9QzbnTlWjh A maintain B improve C assess D protect 第 2 部分 :阅读判定 第 16-22 题,每题 1 分,共 7 分 阅读下面这篇短文 .短文后列出了 7 个句子 .请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出判定 .假如该句供应 的是正确信息 .请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑 :假如该句供应的是错误信息 .请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑 :假如该句的信息文章中没有

7、提及 .请在答题卡上把 C 涂黑 .9QzbnTlWjh The Smog烟雾 For over a month. Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country 9QzbnTlWjh Suffered its worst drought for 50 years . Smoke form the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog This pollution quickly spread and

8、within days it was hanging over 9QzbnTlWjh neighbouring countries including Malaysia Singapore and Thailand9QzbnTlWjh When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and carsit soon became poisonous9QzbnTlWjh 有 毒 的 Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels 细心整理

9、归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考rose9QzbnTlWjh People wheezed f 喘息 and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately 9QzbnTlWjh The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole

10、 cities disappeared as grey soot9QzbnTlWjh 烟灰 covered everything In some areas,water was hosed用胶管浇 from high rise city9QzbnTlWjh buildings to tIY and break up the smog Finally , heavy rains,which came in November ,put out the fires and cleared the air But the9QzbnTlWjh environmental costs and health

11、 problems will remain Many people from South-Eastern Asian9QzbnTlWjh and9QzbnTlWjh cities aireadv suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes 汽车排放的废气 factory pollution Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have9QzbnTlWjh difficulties for 血e first time Wildlife

12、 has suffered too In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and9QzbnTlWjh tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog 9QzbnTlWjh But smog is not just an Asian problem In fact,the word was first used in London in 1905 to 9QzbnTlWjh describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog Fog often hung over the

13、 capital Sometimes the9QzbnTlWjh smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents9QzbnTlWjh About 4 ,000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. 9QzbnTlWjh 16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought A RightB WrongC Not me

14、ntioned 17 The smog spread to neighbouring countries A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 18 The air pollution index went up t0 300 within a few days9QzbnTlWjh A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 19 Water was used to try to break up the smog A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 20 Many Indonesians blamed the government

15、 for the drought 9QzbnTlWjh A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 21 The forest animals haven t been affected by the smog9QzbnTlWjh A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 22 The word “ smog” first appeared in 1952 A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 第 21-30 题,每题 1 分,共 8 分 阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有 2 项测试任务： 1第 2326 题要

16、求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 l4 段每段挑选 1 个正确的小标题；2第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项,分别完成每个句子；请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上；Cloning 克隆 ：Future Perfect. 1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell Since Scottish 9QzbnTlWjh scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997

17、research into9QzbnTlWjh cloning has grown rapidly In May 1998 ,scientists in Massachusetts managed to create tWO9QzbnTlWjh identical calves 牛犊 using cloning technology A mouse has also been cloned successfully But9QzbnTlWjh the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard

18、 Seed made a9QzbnTlWjh surprising announcement ：“We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two9QzbnTlWjh years,”he told the world 2 Seeds announcement provoked a lot of media attention ,most of it negative In Europe,9QzbnTlWjh nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banni

19、ng human cloning and in the US the9QzbnTlWjh President announced： “细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -We will be introducing a law to ban au human cloning and many states 第 3 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考in9QzbnTlWjh the US will have passed

20、 anti cloning laws by the end of the year9QzbnTlWjh ”3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning They are worried that laws banning9QzbnTlWjh human cloning will threaten important research In March , The New England Journal of Medicine9QzbnTlWjh called any plan to ban research on cloning hu

21、mans seriously mistaken Many researchers also9QzbnTlWjh believe that in spite of attempts to ban it ,human cloning will have become routine by 2022 9QzbnTlWjh because it is impossible to stop the progress of science9QzbnTlWjh 4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world. The

22、 public has been9QzbnTlWjh as bombarded 轰炸with newspaper articles,television shows and films, as well cartoonsSuch9QzbnTlWjh information is often misleading ,and makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be9QzbnTlWjh doing next 5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably

23、 have found a way of cloning 9QzbnTlWjh humansIt could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child 9QzbnTlWjh to look like But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask Pretty cool,9QzbnTlWjh answer the pro-cloners 赞成克隆的人 23 Paragraph l

24、24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 A Strong Reactions B Anxiety about the Future of Cloning C The Right to Choose D What is Cloning. E Arguments in Favor of Cloning F A Common Sight 27 Richard Seed claimed to be able to clone 28 Richard Seed s announcement received 29 The United States wil

25、l introduce 30 Within ten years scientists will probably have A the nucleus of a cell B cloned human beings C a human being in two years D a law to ban human cloning E a report on human cloning F heavy media coverage 第 4 部分：阅读懂得 第 31 45 题,每题 3 分,共 45 分 下面有 3 篇短文,每篇短文后有 5 道题,每道题后面有 4 个选项；请依据文章的内容 从每题

26、所给的 4 个选项中挑选 1 个正确答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上；第一篇Almost Human. Scientists are racing to build the world s first thinking robot This is not science fiction ：some9QzbnTlWjh say they will have made it by the year 2022 Carol Packer reports9QzbnTlWjh Machines that walk ,speak and feel are no longer science fiction Ki

27、smet is the name of an9QzbnTlWjh 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考android机器人 which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMIT9QzbnTlWjh Kismet is different from the traditional

28、robot because it Can show human emotions Its eyes,ears9QzbnTlWjh and lips move to show when it feels happy. sad or bored Kismet is one of the first of a new 9QzbnTlWjh generation of androids robots that look like human beings which Can imitate human9QzbnTlWjh feelingsCog,another android invented by

29、the MIT, imitates the action of a mother However,9QzbnTlWjh scientists admit that So far Cog has the mental ability of a two yearold9QzbnTlWjh The optimists 乐观主义者 say that by the year 2022 we will have created humanoids 机9QzbnTlWjh 器 人 with brains similar to those of all adult human being These robo

30、ts will be designed to look9QzbnTlWjh like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public What kind of jobs will 9QzbnTlWjh they do. In the future ,robots like Robonaut ,a humanoid invented by NASA , will be doing9QzbnTlWjh dangerous jobs,like repairing space stations They will

31、 also be doing more and mom of the 9QzbnTlWjh household work for us In Japan ,scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by9QzbnTlWjh dancing and playing the piano Some people worry about what the future holds ：will robots become monsters 怪物 .Will9QzbnTlWjh people themselves become inc

32、reasingly like robots. Experts predict that more and more people9QzbnTlWjh will be wearing micro computers,connected to the Internet,in the future People will have9QzbnTlWjh micro chips in various parts of their body , which will gadgets9QzbnTlWjh connect them to a wide variety of 小装置 Perhaps we sho

33、uld not exaggerate夸大 the importance of technology ,but one9QzbnTlWjh wonders whether , in years to come , we will still be falling in love , and whether we will still feel9QzbnTlWjh painWho knows. 31 Kismet is different from traditional robots because 9QzbnTlWjh A it thinks for itself B It is not li

34、ke science fiction C it can look after two year-oldD it seems to have human feelings 32 What makes Cog special. A It looks like a mother B It behaves like a child C It can imitate the behavior of a mother D It has a huge brain In about 15 years time from now ,robots A will become space designersB wi

35、ll look like monsters C will behave like animals D will think like humans 34 In the future robots will also A explore space B entertain people C move much faster D do a11 of the housework 35 What is the writers attitude to robots in the future.wxKBBSwYib 第 5 页,共 13 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

36、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考A Critical B Hostile C Objective D Enthusiastic 其次篇 Credit Card Only Works When Spoken to A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner weapon in the fight against fraud 欺诈 s voice could become an import

37、antwxKBBSwYib The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-inwxKBBSwYib Voice-recognition chip The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters usingwxKBBSwYib someone else s credit card details to buy goods online wxKBBSwYib A model built by eng

38、ineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica ,California , represents the firstwxKBBSwYib attempt to pack a microphone ；a loudspeaker,a battery and a voicestandardsized credit cardrecognition chip into awxKBBSwYib They are not quite there yet： the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card ,but i

39、twxKBBSwYib is still about three times as thick The company now plans to make it thinner wxKBBSwYib The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud inwxKBBSwYib online transactions This earlier card has no microphone ,but has a builtin loudspeaker that itwxKBBSwYi

40、b uses to “squawk ” 发 出 叫 声 a voice ID signal via a computer s microphone to an online serverwxKBBSwYib By verifying 证明 that the signal matches the card details, the server can establish that thewxKBBSwYib user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand The ID cod

41、ewxKBBSwYib changes each time the card is used in a preordered sequence that only the server knowswxKBBSwYib This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps,noting the card details and then playing backwxKBBSwYib the audible ID when they key in the details later But this earlier technology cannot preve

42、nt wxKBBSwYib fraudulent use of stolen cards The new one can The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawkbut it will not do this until it haswxKBBSwYib verified the legitimate 合法的 users spoken password Thieves will be unable to use the cardwxKBBSwYib because even if they knew the passw

43、ord they would have to be able to copy the ownerwxKBBSwYib s voicewith a high degree of accuracy The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry that wxKBBSwYib Can be powered by a mini battery embedded嵌入的 in a credit card To maximize battery life ,wxKBBSwYib the

44、 electronics are only switched on when the card is being used Pressing a button on the cardswxKBBSwYib surface prompts it to utter “Say your password”in female voice If the voice recognition softwarewxKBBSwYib proves that the password is authentic 真实的 ,it sends its ID squawk which the server thenwxK

45、BBSwYib identifies allowing the transaction to proceed 36 The voice credit card is an important invention becausewxKBBSwYib A it can be made cost-effectively B it can leave voice messages, C it makes online shopping easy D it makes fraud difficult 37 What is the problem which the model card. A It is too large 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -个人资料整理 仅限参考 B It is toot h