英语知识点总结(共12页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语知识点总结为了英语而加油吧！加油！1.discription introduction explanation expression information knowledge -常考的不可数名词2.have a good knowledge of 。 熟知。3.方法：with this method in this way by means(单复数同形)one means / two means4.区分：previous 以前的，从前的 precious 宝贵的，珍贵的5.He is fluent in speaking English = He speaks

2、English fluently 6.assist sb. in (doing) sth.(在写作中应用) 在某方面帮助某人7. 8.take/follow ones advice 听从某人的意见9.formal-informal 正式的 normal-abnormal 正常的10.辨析:energy 能量，能源，精力 force 武力和暴力，军事力量 by force 依靠军事力量 power 权力（人手中所握的） power station 核电站 strength 力气11.辨析:product（可）工农业产品（加工过的），任何脑力劳动所创造的产品 produce（不）农业产品，绿色产品

3、（没加工过的） production 产量（不） 文学作品（可） productivity（不） 生产力，生产率12.in the distance 在远处 at/from a distance 隔开一段距离13.tour -商业旅行 voyage-（海上和飞机上）航行14. 辨析: scenery 大自然风光的总称 view 有角度的风光 sights 某地特有的风光（后谓语动词用三单） sight 壮观，奇观 landscape 有山有水的自然风光（峡谷和沙漠） scene 有人活动的场景，用于戏剧中15. 辨析：event 历史上发生的大事件 accident 交通事故 incident

4、 偶发的事件（如旅行中） affair 时事 current affairs16.Nothing like 一点也不像 It looks nothing like a house.Something like 有一些像She looks something like your sister.Anything like（上一词组用于否定句和疑问句自己中）More like 更像Nothing less than 不亚于His carelessness was nothing less than criminal.Nothing more than 仅仅，只不过 It was nothing mo

5、re than a shower.17. Join+ 组织、人 in （doing）sth.Join in+活动Take part in+活动（在其中起主要作用）participate 必须搭配介词“in”使用attend +仪式、会议、报告、学校（有“照顾”之意）例：At present he is attending a night school.attend to（介词） sth./doing sth.处理，照顾18. for oneself亲自地，为自己in oneself 本来，本身of oneself 自动地to oneself 给自己独自享用come to oneself 苏醒，

6、恢复意识come to life 活跃起来be oneself （指人的身体，精神等）处于正常状态19. Word(不)消息 /(可)单词，语言（话）Word came that消息传来。In other words 换句话说In a / one word 总而言之In words 用语言Keep ones word 遵守诺言Break ones word= break ones promise 违背诺言Eat ones words 食言Have a word with sb 与某人谈话Have words with sb 与某人吵架Send word 捎信Get in a word 插话Wo

7、rd for word 逐字地，逐词地20.倍数表达法：This rope is 3 times as long as that one = This rope is 2 times longer than that one = This rope is 3 times the length of that one 大小：size 宽度：width 重量：height 深度：depth21.否定转移：imagine guess believe expect suppose think22. Lose ( ones) patience with sb = Be out of patience w

8、ith sb. 对某人失去耐心23. As a result 例：He studies very hard, and as a result, he makes great progress.As a result, we fail the game. as a result of例：He has made great progress as a result of hard working.24. Sb be sure/certain of /about sth./doing sth. 确定确保做某事Sb/ sth be sure to do sth 某人确定去做某事区别：He is sur

9、e of success.（指他自己确信自己能成功，对成功很有把握） He is sure to succeed. （指说话的第三者确定他会成功）Make sure of / about sth 确定确保 Make sure that（同上）Make sure to do (x)注：Make sure that you get there before midnight.其后常用一般现在时，不用将来时It is sure that the Middle East will go to peace.(改错） （当it做形式主语是，只可用certain，不可用sure）It is sure to

10、rain (正确)此时it不做形式主语25.so +adj.+a/an+可数名词单数 Such +a/an +adj. +可数名词单数 Such+ adj.+ 可数名词复数 Such+ adj.+ 不可数名词 So +many /few /much /little So little (少) such little （小） 例：He speaks so loudly that everyone can hear him. -So loudly does he speak that everyone can hear him. He was so angry that he couldnt sa

11、y a word. -So angry was he that he couldnt say a word. (So后加形容词或副词置于句首时，表示强调，后用局部倒装，即一般疑问句句式)26. My first visit to .Visit sb /spCall on sbCall at spPay a visit to sb / spPay sb a visitDrop in on sb 顺便拜访某人Drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地27. everyday use 日用品28. 长，宽，高的表达法：This rope is 3 metres long=This rope is 3

12、metres in length.=It is a 3-metre-long rope.=This rope has a length of 3 metres.29.感叹句句型：（与第25点类比） How + adj.+ a/an + 可数名词单数 What + a/an + adj.+ 可数名词单数 What + adj.+ 不可数名词 What + adj + 可数名词复数 How + adj./adv.+主语+谓语 How + 主语 + 谓语例：How beautifu a gril (she is)!What a beautiful girl (she is )!What fine w

13、eather ( it is today)!What beautiful flowers (they are)!How fast Liu Xiang runs !/ How clever the boy is!How time flies ! / How I miss my parents!30. I am sorry but此句式常用于客气地表达与对方不同的意见或观点，或委婉地提出对方作了不该做的事；或者是搪塞。例：I am sorry but you are late.I am sorry, but I cant.Excuse me , but此句式常用于打扰别人31.Put up 建立，

14、张贴（广告），搭建（帐篷tent）Set up 建立（团体，组织，机构）build up 建立，树立（榜样example,声誉fame,名声）Build 建立32.Afford to doAffor sb sth = afford sth to sb（接双宾）33.Approach to (doing) sthWay of doing sth / to do sthMethod of/ for doing sthMethod for sth（接sth.时只能用for）Means to do / of doing（接doing时means不可用for）34. For example= for i

15、nstance（举例一般为一到两个）Such as （举例一般为三个或三个以上）Namely= that is ( to say )（用于完全列举）35.What is sb / sth like? 品格外貌外表和品格What does sb/ sth looks like? 外貌What does sb like? 回答某人喜欢什么What do you think of / about ? =How do you find / like/ feel of?询问对某人或某物的看法36.It is (high/ about)time (that)should do / did 是时候该做某事了

16、例：It is high / about time that we should go to bed/ went to bed.It / This is the first/second/the last time that（不可省）have done某人第几次做某事例：This is the fifth time that you have been late.37.多个形容词修饰一个名词的口诀：限，观，形，令（年龄.新旧），色，国，材美小圆旧黄，法国木书房注：限定词包括冠词和数词而且the first two day38. A good / great many + 可数名词复数 A go

17、od / great many of + 限定词 + 可数名词复数 A great deal of + 不可数名词例：a good many books a good many of my books39. Common共同的，共有的，常见的Ordinary普通的，平凡的Usual往常的，通常的40. Aim to do sth=Aim at doing sth =Aim for sth 旨在做某事Aim sth at 。把。瞄准。Take aim at sth.瞄准，对准。Achieve the aim 实现目标41.Differ fromin=Be different fromin 与某人

18、在某方面不同Differ with sb on sth 与某人在某方面意见不同Make no / a difference 没影响/有影响Tell the difference between A and B 区分A 和B的不同42. equipment(不)Equip with be equipped with 用。装备。A piece of /a lot of / much equipment43. electric 带电的，指可以发电的东西，或直接靠电力操作或由电力产生的东西；electrical 与电有关的，指关于电的知识或电的研究内容，或用来和与电有关的事物搭配；He is an e

19、lectrical engineer. 他是一名电工It is an electric clock. 它是一块电表44.Be in danger = be endangered 处于危险中45.be reduced to (doing) sth.= be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事46.treat 治疗 ：treat sb. for a disease 治疗某人的疾病（强调过程） Cure sb. of a disease 治愈某人的疾病（强调结果） 对待：treat sb/sth.as . 把。当做。来看待 招待，款待：treat sb. to sth. 招待某人做某事

20、this is my treat !=it is my treat ! 今天我请客! Go Datch! AA制47.It is likely that = It is probable that = It is possible that 注：sb./sth. be likely to do (此时只能用likely) It is possible for sb. to do sth.(此时只能用possible)48.三种适合：agree with 表天气，气候，水土，食物，生活方式等的适应 suit 表样式，风格，口味，颜色等的适合 fit 表大小，尺寸等的适合49.ban:同时具有名词

21、和动词词性 a ban on (doing)sth.一道关于。的禁令 ban sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事50.allow forbid advise permit admit+(sb. to do sth.)/(doing sth.)/(ones doing)51.break into(及物动词，有被动语态) = break in （不及物动词，无被动语态） 破门而入，强行闯入Break out 爆发（尤指战争，疾病，灾难等爆发）Break away 离开 break up 分手，结束Break down 身体垮掉了，车子抛锚了，车子出了故障Break off 中断

22、break through 突围52.whoever = anyone who Whichever= any that Whatever = anything that 53.辨析：lost-丢失的，迷路的，尤指失去后无法再找回的 missing-丢失的，迷失的，迷路的，缺少的 losing-失败的，没有前途的 gone-用完了，用光了，尤指时间或情况等无法恢复的，不作宾语54.fit:be fit for 对。是合适的，对。来说是能胜任的 Be suitable for 对。是合适的fit in/with 适合，适应，与。一致fit sb. 适合某人 fit sth. 安装某物55.turn

23、：turn out 结果是，证明是（具有系动词用法,无被动语态和进行时态）turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn .into .= change .into. 把。转变成。turn in 上交，上床睡觉turn down 拒绝(相当于refuse)take turns to do sth. = take turns at doing sth. = take turns (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事by turns 依次地，轮流地 in turn 逐个地do sb.a bad/good turn 对某人有好处或坏处 Do sb. good = do good

24、to sb.= it is good for sb.对某人有好处 Do sb. bad = it is bad for sb.对某人有坏处 It is good to sb.= it is friendly to sb. 对某人友好56.connect to . 把。和。连接在一起 Connect with 把。和。连接/联系在一起注意被动语态57.be anxious at/for/about. 担忧。 Be anxious to do 极想做。58.重点： Too + adj./adv.+ to do sth. 太。以至于不能。（肯表否义） 但有一类动词不遵循此用法：“一条绿色的鞭子”“a

25、 green whip” Anxious glad ready（乐意的） easy-going eger nervous Willing（乐意的） happy inclied（乐意的） Pleased Too + 以上形容词 + to do sth. 此时翻译有变 通通翻译为“非常想要做某事”Eg: He was _ to get his net friends phone number , because he wanted to chat with him .A . too anxious B.very anxious C.so anxious D.far anxious59.过去式过去分

26、词现在分词Lie 说谎Lied Lied Lying Lie 躺，谓语Lay Lain Lying Lay 放置，下蛋Laid Laid Laying 60.祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise+陈述句（sb. will do）61. otherwise 否则 meanwhile与此同时 therefore 因此62.arrive home（副词） arrive at my home (名词)63.pick up 捡起，用车接某人，偶然学会，花较少的钱买到，收听，恢复，养成（习惯） Pick 采，摘，折枝64.I dont know what the trouble is

27、with you =I dont know what the problem is with you =I dont know what is the matter with you =I dont know what is wrong with you=I dont know what is up with you 65.be seriously hurt/ill 严重受伤/生病 Not necessarily 未必，不一定66.set a date 确定日期 set a table 摆桌子 set an alarm 定闹铃 Make a phone call 打电话 develop a f

28、ilm 冲洗胶卷 Make a/no difference 有影响/没影响 take a class 上课67.注意比较记忆： There is no use/good (in) doing sth.There is no need to do sth.68.it is none of my/your business 不关你（我）事69.set about doing sth.= set out to do sth. 着手做某事70.You cant be serious 你不是认真的吧71.go on to do 继续做另外一件事 Go on doing 继续做同一件事 go on wit

29、h 有间歇地做同一件事72.注意以下三种结构（前有do ,后无to）Do nothing but(except) do AHave nothing to do but(except) do AThere is nothing to do but(except) do A除了做A事，其他什么也不做73.on the scene 在现场，到现场 Enjoy the scenery 观光 See the sights 观光 Have/get a good view of 观看。 Set the scene 为。做好准备 Behind the scenes 在幕后74.be alive with =

30、be full of = be filled with 充满。 The greatest artist alive today 现世最伟大的艺术家 Come alive = come to life 苏醒，恢复意识，活跃起来 The living 活着的人（the+形容词表一类人） Living beings 生物 living water 活水 The cost of living 生活费用 make/earn/get a living 谋生 A living language 一种现在被使用的语言 A live fish 一条活鱼 experiment on a live animal 用

31、活的动物做实验 A live（表“现场直播”之意） TV program 电视现场节目 A lively description 一个生动的描述75.辨析：observe 强调“留心，注意，观察”。突出“细心地”，仔细观察（尤指用于试验和研究等场合），而且其有一层特殊意思“遵守”。 例：observe the rule/law see 指看到，强调看到的结果，是指视觉器官有意识或无意识地看到物体。 look 表示有意识地看，强调看到的动作。Look at watch 指目光集中地看，注视，观看（比赛，电视，电影，尤指观看运动中的人和物）watch a cartoon notice 看到，注意到

32、（之偶然间注意到） stare 注视，指睁大眼睛出神地看，盯着。Stare at glance 瞥视，匆匆一看。 Glance at 76. adapt .to. 适应。 Adapt.for. 改编，改写。 Adjust to. 调整以适应。77. stand for 代表，象征 Stand up for支持，拥护 Stand on ones own feet 自立 Stand by 站在一边，准备好，袖手旁观 Stand out 突出，显眼78. turn.into reality 把。变成现实 Bring back to reality 把。带回现实 In reality=in fact

33、事实上 Realize his dream 实现他的梦想79.destroy - 不可修复的完全性的毁坏 Damage - 可以修复的毁坏 Ruin- 破坏（常考名词用法，“废品”，而且专指破坏计划）in ruins80. take consideration of = take account of. = take .into consideration = take . into account 考虑到。81.it - 指代同名同物 One- 指代同名异物中泛指，只指代可数名词单数 That-指代同名异物中特指，指代可数名词单数和不可数名词 The one = that the ones=

34、 those 82.be considerate (of) . 对。是体贴的 Considerable 相当大的，相当多的83.name sb. sth. 给。命名（双宾语） Nameas. 任命。作为（担任）。 Name .after. 以。命名 Be named for. 被任命为。 By the name of . 名字叫。 Know sb. by name 知道。的名字 In the name of . 以。的名义 Under the name of . 用。的笔名 Call sb. names 谩骂某人 Make a name for. 成名，出名。84.get/be/become

35、tired of 对。感到厌烦 Get/be/become tired from/with 因。感到厌烦 Be tired out = be worn out= be exhausted 筋疲力尽 Be tired as a dog 累极了！（习语） Be tired of doing sth./ be fed up with 对做。感到厌倦85. care about 关心，在意 Care for 照顾，喜欢86.make ones way 前进，前行（克服困难） Feel ones way 摸索着前行（指是力弱的）87. The big fire was put out = The big

36、 fire went out (put out 和 go out 都有“扑灭”之意，但put out为及物动词词组，而go out 是不及物动词词组，无被动语态)88.面对： Faced(face) with .,we Facing(face) up to .,we89.begin和start后可同时接to do 和doing ,但只用to do 的情况： start和begin本身为进行时态 当主语为非生物动词或it时 例：A strong wind started to blow . 当与表示心理活动的词连用-understand ,see, know , realize90.说“穿”-表

37、动作:put on take off dress + sb.- undress + sb. dress up (for) 为。盛装打扮 throw on 匆匆穿上（地震或进贼等紧急情况下） Throw off 匆匆脱下（同上） pull on 随便拉上或穿上（宾语为拉链，袜子，手套） Pull off 随便拉下或脱下（同上） try on 试穿表状态：wear - beard/glasses/smile/hair have on （无进行时态） be well(衣着漂亮)/badly（衣衫褴褛）/neatly（穿着很讲究）/smartly（穿着很帅气） dressed be in + colo

38、r/coat on + sb. in + sth. 例：you will look good in this coat The coat looks great on you.91.happen-指偶然和碰巧发生 Break out - 指疾病，战争，灾难等爆发 Come about- How does it come about? How does it come about that you? Take place-有计划的安排好的发生 Occur - It occurs to sb. (to do sth./ that+从句) 某人突然想起某事 sth. occur(s) to/stri

39、ke/hit sb. 某人突然想起某事 92.specially-专门（表一种目的性） Especially-尤其（特别强调） 93.make (much) of sth./sb.（重视，理解）= make the most of = make the best of 充分利用。 94. congratulate+ sb./ celebrate+ sth. Interview+sb. / cover+sb. 95. take the place of = take ones place =in place of= replace 代替 Replace with 用。代替。 96.believe

40、 it or not 信不信由你 Believe sb. 相信某人说的话 Believe in sb. = trust sb. 信任某人 97.work on 从事创作，致力于，对。做工作，对。施加影响 例：work on a novel 写小说 work on a house 建造房屋 Work on cloth/clothes 织布，缝衣 work out 计算出，设计出，产生结果，锻炼身体（不及物），进行（不及物） work at 从事，致力于，钻研+（某活动，某学科） work as 当。，做。工作 at/on work (无冠词) 在工作，在干活 In work 在业 out of

41、work 失业 off work 停工，休息 98.add to 增加，增添 add up 把。加起来，合计add up to 总计达到，所有一切说明，合起来构成 add that 补充说道（后接动词后的宾语从句） add in 包括，把。计/算在内 99.agree:agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with + sb./what sb. say/ idea(主意)/ opinion（看法）/analysis（分析）/explanation （解释） agree to + 建议suggestion/计划plan/安排proposal (表示接受别人提出的自己不喜欢的事情)agree on 就。达成一致意见（主语通常为复数）I cant agree more = I completely agree 我完全同意be in agreement with 与。一致reach/come to/arrive at an agreement 达成一致sign/make/conclude an agreement with sb. 与某人签署协议 Break an agreement with sb. 破坏与某人的协议100.die of -内因（情感，饥寒，疾病）cance