2022年人教版新目标初中英语复习全部时态.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （名词复数的不规章变化1） child-children mouse-mice foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese ox-oxen man-men woman-women 2）单复同形如：deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ）中学英语全部时态一般现在时A:一般现在时通常表示目前阶段常常发生的动作或存在的状态；结构 : 1）be 动词的第一人称单数为,第三人称单数为,其他人称为；有一顺口溜表达了它的用法：我用 am ,你用 are ,is 用于他,她,它 , 单数 is,复数 are.

2、 确定式 :主语 + am /is/are + 其他否定式 :主语 + am/is/are +not + 其他疑问式 :Am /Is /Are + 主语 + 其他 . 简略回答 : 肯 Yes,主语 + am/ is /are 否 No,主语 + am /is/are not 缩写形式 : Im = I am Thats =That is Were =We are Whats= What is Youre = You are Whos = Who is Theyre =They are Wheres =Where is Hes =He is Shes =She is Its = It is i

3、snt=is not arent=are not 2）行为动词（实义动词）除主语是第三人称单数外,都用动词原形,主语是第三人称单数时,在动词 词尾加 -s 或-es ；“ 动词第三人称单数” 的加法 即 “ 如何从动词原形变为第三人称单数”1、一般情形加 s. 2、以 o, s, x, ch, sh 结尾加 es. 3、以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾 改 y为 i +es 写出以下动词的第三人称单数：study play go come help teach lie listen begin open sit throw wash guess cut run relax beat eat 确定式

4、 :主语 +动词原形 /动词的第三人称单数否定式 :主语 +助动词 dont/doesnt +动词原形 +其他疑问式 :Do/Does+ 主语 +动词原形 +其他简略回答 :肯Yes,主语 +do/does 否No,主语 +do/does not 缩写形式 : dont = do not has doesnt =does not 留意： have 的第三人称单数为用法：1.表示事实 ,现状 ,性质或常常的 ,习惯的动作 ,常与 often, usually, always, sometimes, today,every day,once a week, every five minutes,

5、on Sundays 等时间状语连用 , eg. He has a brother. 2.表示普遍真理 . eg. The earth goes round the sun. 3.表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作 . eg. Here comes the train. 4.在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时 . eg.Ill go with you if you are free tomorrow. 一般过去时一般过去时棗表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一般过去时通常由动词的过去式表示；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 14 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - -

6、- - 结构：1.动词的第一、 三有称单数用 ,其他人称用 ,其确定式 ,否定式 ,疑问式和简略回答形式与一般现在时相像；2.行为动词的过去式分为规章和不规章两种 , 规章动词的过去式是在动词后加或 ,不规章动词参照不规章动词表 ,需要特地记忆；确定式 :主语 +动词的过去式 + 其他 eg. I got up at six this morning. 否定式 :主语 + did not + 动词原形 + 其他 eg. John didnt live here last year. 疑问式 :Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 eg. Did you see him a moment a

7、go. 简略回答 .肯Yes, 主语 +did 否No , 主语 + didnt. 用法 ：1.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态 . eg. My father was at work yesterday. 2.表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,常与 often,always 等表示频度的时间状语连用. eg. He always went to work by bus last summer. 3.和 when 等连词引导的状语从句连用 . eg. When she reached home, she had a short rest. 4.常与表示过去的时间状语, 如ago, yester

8、day, last week, in the old days, when I was five years old, in 1995 等连用 .eg.They began the work two months ago. Were you born in 1981. Yes, I was. 不规章中寻 规章 英语中很多动词的过去式是不规章的,有些同学死记硬背,却成效不佳； 我们不妨共同寻找一些不规章动词中的“ 规章”,这样记忆起来就会事半功倍了；I 过去式与动词原形同形；例如：letlet, putput, hit hit, read readred等；II 动词原形以owaw 结尾,过去式

9、常变为ew；例如：knowknew, grow grew, throw threw, draw drew 等；但是也有一些例外, 例如：showshowed；III 很多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母i 改为 a,就可变为过去式；例如：beginbegan, givegave, sing sang, swimswam, sitsat, drinkdrank, ring rang 等但是 win won 例外；IV 有些动词的过去式以 oaught 结尾；例如：bringbrought, buy bought, think thought, catchcaught, teachtaught 等；

10、留意 上述动词过去式到底是以 ought:t 仍是 aught:t 结尾,只要记住“ 有 a 就 a,无 a就 o” 即可；即:原形中有 a 的,过去式变为 aught,否就为 ought；V 以 eep结尾的动词, 常将 eep 改为 ept 构成过去式； 例如：keepkept, sleepslept, sweepswept 等；一般将来时一般将来时棗表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态结构：助动词 shall/will be is ,am ,are going to + 动词原形（当主语第一人称时,一般用shall,当主语为第三人称时,用 will ,但主语为第一人称时,也用 will ）确定

11、式 :主语 +shall/will+ 动词原形 +其他否定式 :主语 +shall/will+not+ 动词原形 +其他 . 疑问式 :Shall/Will+ 主语 +动词原形 +其他名师归纳总结 简略回答 :肯Yes,主语 +shall/will . 否No,主语 +shall/will+not 第 2 页,共 14 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 缩写形式 : ll =shall/will shant= shall not wont = will not 用法 : 1.表示将要发生的动作或情形 ,常用时间状语有: later on, soon,

12、 in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow 等. eg. I shall be eighteen years old next year. Maybe Chinas population _ pass 1,300,000,000 by the year 2005. 2.表示某种必定的趋势 eg. Fish will die without water. 解析：1.在以第一人称为主语的问句中,常用 shall 表示提议和询问情形,在以其次人称作主语的问句中 ,用 will 表示恳求 . eg. Where shall we have the mee

13、ting. Will you please lend me your pen. 2.当主语是第一人称时 ,用 will 表示意愿 .决心 .承诺 .命令等 . eg. I will give you an English-Chinese dictionary for your birthday. 3.在时间或条件状语从句中,一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时. eg. Tom will write to me when he gets there. 4.be going to + 动词原形也可表示将来时 . 1. 表示主观意愿 .准备等 . eg. Hes going to learn Engli

14、sh next term. 2. 依据已有迹象 ,可能要发生的情形 eg. Look at the black clouds. -It is going to rain. 现在进行时表示“ 正在（在）干 ” 现在进行时棗表示目前或目前阶段正在进行的动作； 结构： is/am/are + 动词的 -ing 形式 动词的现在分词 用法：1.表示目前发生 进行 的动作 不指状态 ,常用时间状语有:now, at the moment 等,并常显现在祈使句的句子中,与 look, listen 连用 . eg. Are you writing a letter to your father at th

15、e moment. Listen. She is singing in the next room. 2.表示目前阶段正在进行,而此刻不肯定在进行的动作. eg. They are planting trees these days. 3.表示按方案或支配即将进行的动作,表示这种动作的动词有:come, go, leave, arrive, start, see等,并常与表示将来时间的状语连用. eg. They are leaving for Australia tomorrow afternoon. 留意 : 某些表示感觉或状态的动词,如 love, like, prefer, hate,

16、 see, know等一般不用现在进行时. eg. Lucy prefers art to science. 练习题：（挑选填空）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 14 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 一. 般现在时 . （） 1.My English teacher about thirty years old, but he younger than he really is. （A. is, look B .is, looks C. am, look till a little weak in ）2.Jim very hard, but he C

17、hinese. A. studies, is B. study, is C. doesn t study, is（）3.We all know that the sun round the earth. A. goes B. don t go C. doesn t go （）4.There twelve months in a year and January first. A. is, comes B. are, come C. are, comes （）5.Who the kite best of all, Jim. Lucy or Lily. A .flies B. fly C .are

18、 flying （）6. the Great Wall one of the places of great interests in China. A.Was B. Do C. Is （）7. you usually to school with classmates. A. Do, comes B. does, come C. Do, come （）8. she home at six oclock every mornig. A. Do, comes B. Does. Come C. Do, come （）9. My mother like watcing TV ,so she to b

19、ed very early every evening. A doesnt ,go B. dont go C. doesnt goes （）10.Mr Green usually newspapers after supper every day. A. read B. reading C. reads 二. 一般过去式 . （）1.The two in the same class last year. A. are B. was C. were （）2.-Where you . -I went to buy some food for supper. 名师归纳总结 （）3.The stud

20、ents in Li Lei s class on a farm last week. 第 4 页,共 14 页A. work B. works C. worked （）4. that worker in a shoe factory a year ago. A. Do, work B.Did, worked C. Did, work （）5.-Did you find your pen . -Yes, I it two hours ago. A. found B. find C. finded （）6. your mother to work last Saturday. A. Did, g

21、o B. Do, go C. Does, go （）7.They not late the day before yesterday. A. did B. were C. are （）8. they away from school last October. A. Did B. Were C. Do - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （）9. you to school last Sunday. 名师归纳总结 A. Did, come B. Do, come C. Were, come 第 5 页,共 14 页（）10.What they for b

22、reakfast last week. A. were, have B. did, have C. will, have （）11.My friend his homework fifteen minutes ago. A. finish B. finishes C. finished （）12.The boys only subjects last term, but this term they five. A. have, have B. had, had C. had, have （）13.Why Ann TV last night . A. didnt, watch B. don t

23、 watch C. doesn t watch（）14.They stopped here because they the way to the station. A. didn t know B. don t know C. will know（）15-Where you find your ticket. -I it on the ground. A. did, found B. do, found C. were, find 三. 现在进行时 . （）1.Cant you see Uncle Wang and his friends some machines. A. is makig

24、 B. are making C.make （）2.My father TV with my mother now. A. watch B. watching C. is watching （）3.I s six o clock in the evening, My family supper at the table. A. eats B. is eating C. are eating （）4. Lucy and Lily to speak Chinese with Miss Gao. A. Is, try B. Is trying C. Are, trying （）5.The dog i

25、tself outside the door. A. is washing B. wash C. washes （）6.The students in Class One carefully to their English teacher. A. is listening B. is looking C. are listening （）7.Listen. The children in the open air. A. singing B. is singing C. are singing （）8.Whats the matter, Li Lei. I for my pen. A. am

26、 look B. am looking C. look （）9.Lets go into the classroom. The bell . A. ringing B. is ringing C. is ring （）10.The man is badly hurt and he on the road sadly. A. is lying B. are lying C. lieing 四. 一般将来时 . （）1.The students back in two hours. A. come B. is coming C. came （）2.What you with your classm

27、ates this Sunday afternoon. A. are, do B.do, do C. will do （）3.There an English party in our class this evening. A. will have B. are going to have .C. is going to be （）4. Wei Hua visit the Great Wall during this summer holiday. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A.Do, going to B. Is, going to C.

28、Will, going to （）5.When they leave for Beijing. A. will, going .B. will, / C. do, going to （）6.-Where are you going . -I the shops for some fruit. A. am going to B. go to C. shall going to go to （）7.Which oranges they to buy. A. are, going B. will, going C.do, going （）8.My mother says that she buy m

29、e a schoolbag better than this one. A. is B. shall C. will （）9.Mr Green is afraid that Jim behind the other students after he comes back. A. will fall B. will fell C.is going to fell （）10.The students in my class harder than before this term. A. is going to study B. will going to study C. will study

30、 现在完成时现在完成时的结构：主语+ “havehas + 过去分词”（1）现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作 （常与 yet,already,just连用）,或者过去某一时刻发生的,连续到现在的情形（常与 for,since 连用）；例如：1）I have just finished my homework. 2）Mary has been ill for three days. 留意： 与 for ,since 连用的动词必需用连续性动词,而不能用短暂性动词如：come be here go be there joinbe a member borrow keep le

31、ave be away 等等（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over 等引导出的短语； 副词 already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently 等；状语词组 this week morning, month, year, so far, up to now, many times, up to the present 等；例如：1）I havent been there for five years. 2）So far, she hasnt enjoyed the summ

32、er vacation. 3）There have been a lot of changes since 1978. 一般过去时和现在完成时的比较与转换一般过去时 : 与之搭配的时间副词常用的有:Yesterday, last week, last year, at 5:30 , last weekend, last month. 有时用 on weekend, this morning 现在完成时 : 常用的时间副词有 today Examples: :ever, never, yet, still, already , in the past ten years; in my life;

33、 Linda still hasnt finished her homework.Stanley has already gotten bored with the life here in Toronto. Have you ever gone to Paris. I have gone to the post office twice today. 2、 过去完成时（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情形,这个过去的时间可以用 by,before 等介词 表 短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成；示“ 过去的过去” 例如：1）We had just

34、had our breakfast when Tom came in. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 14 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2）By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles. （3）过去完成常常用于以下固定句型：1）by the end of + 过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时；例如：The experiment had been finished by 4 oclock yesterday afternoon. 八种时态的比较一般现在时和现在进行时a.

35、一般现在时：重复发生的习惯性动作和真理；标志性的时间副词：always often frequently usually sometimes every day every week every month occasionally once a month once a month once a year seldom rarely never Examples：She goes shopping every week. He reads Business News every morning. He seldom goes dancing. The sun rises in the eas

36、t and sets in the west. Susan loves chocolate. b.表示一种状态或性质Examples: This tastes very good. I don t believe my eyes. b -This use I need a car. I hate this music. c.在叙述一个过去发生的故事时,有时可用一般现在时表示过去发生的一系列事情；is called the “historical present” .如在看图说话一类题时常常用到这一点；Examples: h 一个美国人描述他到中国旅行的经受My friend and I arr

37、ive at the capital air port in Beijing on the morning of May 25 th , 1993. Robert comes to meet with us in a taxi, and we drive to what is to be our apartment for nearly three. week. The drive is culture shock number one. We see people everywhere. Also, Beijing seems to be more modern than its has b

38、een written in all the books on China I have read. My friend and I are extremely astonished by the number of bicycles on the road, truly the kingdom of bicycles. 现在进行时：a.正在进行的动作常用的时间状语： （right）now at the（this） moment at present ;,.|Lm Examples：Robert is teaching at this moment ；Mendel is working on

39、the first draft of his essay；I m looking for my umbrella right now. Hes enjoying a holiday right now. b.表达在现在一段时间内重复发生的动作,但是动作在说话时不肯定正在进行；常用的时间副词： these days Nowadays today this semester/quarter this week/month/year Examples: Hes relaxing this week. Hes working as a librarian this semester. c.对一类常常发

40、生的事情所表达的剧烈情感常用的时间副词：Always Forever constantly Examples: 名师归纳总结 Hes always complaining. （他怎么总是埋怨； ）第 7 页,共 14 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Youre always dancing. （你怎么总是跳舞,是不是太多了吧；） 一般现在时和现在完成时一般现在时：表达的动作不说明动作从何时开头或已进行了多长时间；Examples: Helen and Tom are happily married. Bruce listens to the new

41、s every morning. 现在完成时 : a.现在完成时所表达的动作正在进行 Examples: ,但句子总是说明动作是什么时候开头的；Helen and Tom have been happily married since their wedding day 60 years ago. Bruce has listened to the news all his life without missing a day. b.与现在完成常常用的两个词 : For and Since For:表示动作连续的一段时间；如:for two minutes/weeks/years ；for s

42、everal days/a long time/the past month 而在一般现在时不能与之连用；Since: 表示动作从何时开头时间点 现在进行时和现在完成时现在进行时：. 如 :since 6:00/Apr. 23/last week /the accident 表示一个正在进行的动作 ,但不说明动作从什么时候开头的；Examples: He is waiting over there. Chinese in Beijing. Matthew is studying 现在完成时：可说明发生动作的详细数字和次数；Examples: He has tried to pass the e

43、xam twice. 一般过去时和过去进行时a.二者的区分在于一般过去进行时表示在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作；Examples: My brother was sleeping at 2:00 yesterday afternoon. My neighbors dog was barking at 3:00 this morning. b.二者的区分在于一般过去进行时表示在过去同一时间两个同时进行的动作；与之常用的时间副词: while, as Examples; Robert was moving the lawn while Susan was fixing the car. As Michael was visiting Paris, Robert was teaching English classes in Beijing. 一般过去时和过去将来时二者的区分在于过去将来时表示在过去准备做,但是没有做的动作.而一般过去时表示为什么没有做的缘由；Examples: I was going to become a rock star but