专题It的用法.ppt

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1、专题It的用法 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望it是常见代词之一，它既可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还能作形式主语或形式宾语，同时可以引起强调结构，是历年高考热点之一。现结合高考试题对其用法作一介绍。一、用来表示时间、天气、地点、距离、环境、形势等。例如：Itistwomilestothebeach.(Oxford)这里到海滨有两英里。Itwasraininginthemorning.(Oxford)今天早晨下着雨。Ifitsconvenien

2、tIcanseeyoutomorrow.(Oxford)如果方便，我明天能见你。it表示时间常用于句型：1、Itis/hasbeen一段时间since从句。意为“自以来已有多长时间了”或“自不以来已有多长时间了”。例如：1）Itis/hasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon(P.136SEFCBook2B)自从我上次到伦敦，已经有许多年了。2）Itsalongtimesincewemetlast.(P.89JEFCBook3)自从我们上次见面以来已经有很长一段时间了。2、Itis/was/willbe+一段时间+before从句。表示“在（做某事）前过了多长时

3、间”，或“过了多长时间才”。如：Butit_morethan100yearsbeforethecountrybeginsonceagaintolookasitdidbefore.但是在100年之后，这个国家才能恢复到以前的样子。willbe二、用来指代人。说明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代婴儿或儿童；在不清楚某人性别时，也可使用it，尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如：1.-Look,someoneiscoming.Whocanitbe?-Itmaybetheheadmaster.-Itcantbehim.HehasgonetoShanghai.-ItmustbeMr.Zhang.Helooks

4、liketheheadmaster.2._DoctorStone,isntit?Shesusuallygood.A.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Sheis3.-IsthatDoctorStone?-Yeah.-Whois_?A.thisB.thatC.sheD.it三、用来指代前文中的内容，或指代整个主句。如：1.Takeyourpoundofflesh!Ideclarethecourtallowsitandthelawgivesittoyou.(P.63SEFCBook3A)割下你要的那一磅肉吧！我宣布法庭允许你这么做，法律把那一磅肉判给你了。2.Ifitispossible

5、,hodupthepartofthebodywhichisbleeding.(P.44SEFCBook2A)如果可能的话，就把出血的部位抬起来。3.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm，Ihadexpected_tobemuchbetterAthatBthisConeDit4.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,_didnthelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.butitB.C.5.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.A.i

6、twhattodowithB.howtodealwithitC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwith6.TheParkersboughtanewhouse,_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.AbutthatBbutitConeDwhich7.Iloveswimming,_keepsmefit.A.anditB.whichC.itD.asB.8.Theysaidtheyhadfinishedthework,but_.C.IcantbelieveitB.whatIcantbelieveD.C.whichIcantbelieveD.Id

7、ontbelieve四、在一些相对固定的词组中出现，没有特殊含义，经常不翻译。如：1.Hesneverreallymadeitasanactor.(Oxford)作为演员，他从未获得过真正的成功。2.Itismyturn轮到我了。3.3.Thatsjustit-Icantworkwhenyouremakingsomuchnoise.(Oxford)原因就在这儿-你们这么吵，我没法工作。4._.IvegotsomuchworkIdontknowwheretostart.A.Whatanawful!B.Itsawful!B.C.Thatwasawful!D.Asisawful,C.5._withy

8、ou?D._Verywell,thankyou.E.WhatisgoingonB.HowisitgoingF.C.HowiseverythinggoingG.D.Whatisup五、指代不定式、动名词、从句等，用作形式主语或形式宾语。如：1._alwaysdifficulttobeinaforeigncountry,especiallyifyoudontspeakthelanguage.A.ThatisalwaysB.ItisalwaysB.C.ItwillbealwaysD.Thatwillalwaysbe2.Wemustmake_tothepublicthatsomethingshould

9、bedonetostoppollution.A.WhatisclearB.itisclearB.C.ItclearD.thatclearC.3.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.D.A.it B.thatC.theseD.them4._onedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfree.A.ItishopedforB.whatishopedthatB.C.AsishopedthatD.ItishopedthatC.5._insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.D.A.Ita

10、ppearedcalmbutB.Heappearedcalm,butC.WhatappearedcalmwasD.Itwasappearedcalm,but用it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型主要有:It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth.Itbe过去分词that从句Itbe形容词that从句5、Itbe名词（词组）that从句1.Isitpossiblenecessarytotellhisfathereverything?2.Infactitisahardjobforthepol

11、icetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.3.Idontthinkitpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.4.Howsillyofyouitistohavedoneit!It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.注意：注意：该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此时用for；表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，sill

12、y，foolish，wise，clever，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等，这时要用of。It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth.1._tojumpintoariveronahotsummerday!A.HowfunitisB.WhatfunitisB.C.WhatfunofitisD.WhatafunitisItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.谚牛奶已泼，哭也无用。Itbe过去分词that从句Itissaid,reported,announced,hoped,thou

13、ght，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested,known+that从句该句型通常可以转换成sb/sthissaidthat如：Itissaidthatthebookwastranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.Itbe形容词that从句可用于此句型的形容词还有wonderful，true，good，right，wrong，important，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lu

14、cky，certain等。如：1）Itisquitecertainthathewillnotmakeaspeechatthemeeting.2）Itisimportantthatwe(should)studyhard.5、Itbe名词（词组）that从句。适用该句型的名词（词组）还有apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews等。如：1）Itisapity(that)youmissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.2）_isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationall

15、anguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It6、Itseemappearhappen的适当形式that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。如：1）Itseemsthatthereisabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.(P.31SEFCBook3A)Thereseemstobeabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.2）Heappearedcalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.(P.56SEFCBook3A)Itappearedthathewascal

16、m,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.7、Itdoesntmatter（Itsnowonder；Itdoesntmaketoomuchdifference等）when/where/which/whether等从句。如：1）Does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it2）Theyareallclassmates_isnowonder_theyshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudies（上海98）AThis；whetherBIt；ifCThat；th

17、atDIt；that8、S.+v.it+adj./n./+不定式或从句。常用于这一句型的动词有find,consider,feel,make,think等。如：1）hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.2）Iwanttomakeitclearwhethersheisstillatschool.3）IfeelitourdutytostudyEnglishwell.4）Idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(NMET90)A.thisB.thatC.it

18、sD.it1.WasitBill,_playsfootballwell,_helpedtheblindmancrosstheroad.A.that/thatB.who/thatB.C.who/whoC.that/whoC.六、it用来引起强调句型解析解析Who引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰Bill;that指代被强调部分Bill.2.Itwasintheschool,_Ioncestudied,_weheldaparty.正是在我曾经就读的那所学校我们举行了一次聚会.A.where/thatB.inwhich/thatB.C.that/whereD.that/inwhich解析解析whereIo

19、ncestudied非限定性定语从句修饰school。3.Itwasinthe1990s,_greatchangesweretakingplaceinchina,_hemadealotofmoney.正是在中国发生着巨大变化的二十世纪九十年代,他挣了大把的钞票.A.that/whenB.duringwhich/thatB.C.when/thatD.that/that解析解析强调部分inthe1990s后跟了一个非限定性定语从句。4.-Wheredidyoumeethim?-Itwasinthepark_hiswifeandhefirstmet.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.w

20、hen这是个强调举行的省略句，完整句子是：ItwasintheparkwherehiswifeandhefirstmetthatImethim.解析解析4.-Doyoustillremember_youlostyourwallet?-Yeah.Itwasatthecrossing_Igotlost.A.wherewasit/thatB.wherewasit/thatB.C.Theplacewhere/whereC.D.whereitwasthat/where第一个空是强调句型用作宾语从句；第二空where引导定语从句，后边省略了thatlostmywallet.解析解析5.Itwasfiveo

21、clockintheafternoon_theyclimbeduptothetopofthemountainAsinceBwhenCthatDuntilfiveoclockintheafternoon不能独立作时间状语，不能作为一个强调部分；atfiveoclock才可以构成独立的时间状语。解析解析6.-Canit_themanagerthattalkedtoyourbrother?-No.It_someoneelsethatspoketoyourbrother.A.be/musthavebeenB.havebeen/musthavebeenB.C.havebeen/mustbeD.be/mu

22、stbe解析解析这是强调句型表示判断的用法，对过去情况推测、判断。1._intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires(2005上海)综合练习解析解析It在此作形式主语，实际宾语为thatyoushould.2.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed_to_andthenposteditatthen

23、earbypostoffice.(2006安徽)A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herselfaddressedittoherself,it代指thepostcard;意思是“在明信片上写上自己的地址寄给她自己。解析解析3.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade_herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeoplesaffairsinthattown.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it(2006湖南)解析解析It为形式宾语，指代不定式tolookafteralltheotherpeopl

24、esaffairsinthattown.4._isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(2006浙江)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.It解析解析It形式主语指代thatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,5.Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you(2006山东)解析解析It为形式宾语，指代ifyou

25、wouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.6.Idontlikeworkinglateintothenight，butIcanthelp_.A.soB.thatC.itD.them.解析解析Icanhelpit.为习惯用法，意思是“我实在控制不住”，“这不能怪我”。全句意思是“我不想熬夜，但我控制不住自己。7.IpreferaflatinInvernessto_inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMoms.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this(2005天津)One不定代词，指代aflatinPerth。全句的意思是：我更在In

26、verness有一套有一套房子，而不是在Perth，因为我想住在我妈妈附近。解析解析8.Wevebeenlookingathousesbuthaventfound_welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.what解析解析考查不定代词的用法。one指代ahouse;whatwelike我们喜欢的东西，指房子。9.Thedoctoradvisedstronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_didnthelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.heIt指代前文中的事情。解析解析10.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblemsinfa

27、ctfarmoreserious_thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those解析解析Ones指的是前边的problems,farmoreseriousonesthanmobilephonesdo是前边healthproblems的同位语,对healthproblems进行补充说明。11.Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately_couldntsparemeevenoneminute.A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it从句子结构上，可排除选项C；从代词的意义上可排除D；根据前半句的意思，句

28、中的afriend指任意一个朋友，可理解为afriend0fmine而后半句意指“我”这些朋友们，为复数。解析解析12.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneit是形式宾语，在句中无实意，只是指代句子后面现象：天气晴朗。解析解析13.-Doyoulike_here-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it(2004全国II)it在这里作形式宾语，无实际意义。而A、B、C须指代具

29、体的东西。解析解析14.Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_fromsomewoodwehad.A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another解析解析由题意可知，因为我们需要一个新的，所以Peter就做了一个新的。one表前面提到的同一类人或物，it则指同一物，another指在原来的基础上另外的。15.-Yourcoffeesmellsgreat!-ItsfromMexico.Wouldyoulike_A.itB.someC.thisD.little(2003春)根据上下句排除选项C、D；选项A表示上文所谈到事物的整个或全部，选

30、项B表示上句所谈事物的部分。解析解析16.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what(2002全国)one指代moment作同位语，解释是一个永远珍惜的时刻。Iwillalwaystreasure是定语从句，作one的定语，省略了关系代词which或that。译文：多年后与我叔叔的会面是一个难忘的时刻，一个我将永远珍惜的时刻。解析解析17.-Hewasnearlydrownonce.-Whenwas_-_wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This用that指代上文提到的事，避免了重复；it指代时间。解析解析