完形填空技巧归纳与突破20140224.ppt

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1、完形填空技巧归纳与突破20140224 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望 命题形式命题形式只考实词只考实词，四类词没有固定比例规律，哪类词设多，四类词没有固定比例规律，哪类词设多少个空，由所选择材料本身实际情况所决定。少个空，由所选择材料本身实际情况所决定。不考虚词不考虚词，不考语法，不考固定搭配，不考同义词，不考语法，不考固定搭配，不考同义词辨析。辨析。试题答案全部都是试题答案全部都是通过理解语篇意义，根据上下文通过理解语篇意义，根据上下文的逻辑关

2、系来确定的逻辑关系来确定。只需记熟固定搭配，无需理解。只需记熟固定搭配，无需理解语篇意义就可以选出答案的题一般不考。语篇意义就可以选出答案的题一般不考。四个选项为同一语法形式，但意义差别较大。四个选项为同一语法形式，但意义差别较大。五年五年来，没有将在具体语境中其词义或用法难以辨别的来，没有将在具体语境中其词义或用法难以辨别的两个或几个词语作为同一个小题的选项。两个或几个词语作为同一个小题的选项。首句不设空，设空方式根据三个层面首句不设空，设空方式根据三个层面（句子，句组，（句子，句组，语篇）语篇）试一试，找出判断的依据试一试，找出判断的依据Imtiredofseafood,soIdontea

3、tmuch_thesedays.Oneday,Iwasbadlyill,soIwas_fromtheschool.Mymotherlookedaftermeathome.Sheusedtobeverylazyandstayedathomeasahousewifebutnowshebecome_andfounda_inacompany.复现同词复现同义复现结构复现reappearanceoriginalwordsreappearsynonymsreappearsimilarstructuresreappear因果关系关联关系相对（转折）关系同类（并列）关系类属关系associationscaus

4、e-and-effectrelationshipcoordinativerelationshipinclusiverelationshipadversativerelationship分析前置性作业：分析前置性作业：归纳归纳解答完型填空的策略。解答完型填空的策略。Skill 1.重重视视语语境境化化选选词词：1）上上下下文文逻逻辑辑关关系系 2）词词汇汇复复现现Skill 2.重重视视文化背景知文化背景知识识：1）文化）文化习习俗俗 2）生活常）生活常识识Skill 3.重重视视文文章章的的首首句句，迅迅速速推推测测全全文文的的大大意意和和主主题题。（主旨；（主旨；总总背景）背景）Skill

5、4.理清文章脉理清文章脉络络，脉，脉络络通，通，则则答案答案顺顺。2010广东高考英语完形填空广东高考英语完形填空分析分析文中无闲句，句中无闲字文中无闲句，句中无闲字Step2Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors,doorsmayhave21_functionsandpurposeswhichleadto_22_differences.点拨：点拨：21.A.根据上文（即首句）和文章篇章结构根据上文（即首句）和文章篇章结构（总总-分分）文章用）文章用“门门”来说明来说明“Everycountryhasitsownc

6、ulture”，故用故用“different”来体来体现现“itsown”。22.C.根据上文（即首句）换句话来说，根据上文（即首句）换句话来说，culturaldifferencesdifferentcultureshasitsown-differentculturalWhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferent_23_andtheyhaddistinctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopull

7、thedoorwiththeword“PULL”to_24_thebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethe_25_doorinSouthKorea.ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.doorentersame点拨：点拨：23.D.door根据上文主题句根据上文主题句“doorsmayhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposes”和下文和下文andtheyhaddistinctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwi

8、ththeword“PUSH”-topullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”toenterthebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethesamedoorinSouthKorea.可判断不可判断不同的门。同的门。点拨：点拨：24.A.enter根据上文根据上文“topushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuilding”相对应的是相对应的是“andtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”toenterthebuilding.25.B.same根据上文（根据上文（differentd

9、oors23空格空格)，特别是，特别是“Thiswasnewtome,”samedifferentThewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalso_26_tome.Iusedtotaketheschoolbustoclasses.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,27_whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton_28_.strangestudentslater点拨：点

10、拨：26.D.strange根据语篇标志词根据语篇标志词“also”和和上文第三段上文第三段“Thiswasnewtome,”strange=new(unfamiliar,notknownorexperiencedbefore)27.B.students根据下文根据下文-词的复现词的复现“andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton_28_”.28.Blater根据上文根据上文(及事情发展顺序），及事情发展顺序），与前面的与前面的first相对应是相对应是later，即要先下后上。，即要先下后上。InSouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitfor

11、peopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,andwhenthebusdoorsopened,I_29_triedtogetontheschoolbusthroughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotally_30_,andmyfacewentred.unconsciouslyembarrassed点拨：点拨：29.Cunconsciously由上文可知，因在韩由上文可知，因在韩国人们不必等别人下了再上公车（或校车），国人们不必等别人下了再上公车（或校车），作者习惯这样了，所以看到校车

12、将门打开后，作者习惯这样了，所以看到校车将门打开后，就就“无意识地无意识地”上车了。上车了。30.Aembarrassed根据上下文，如：根据上下文，如：“上上句周围所有的人都看着自己，下句我的脸也句周围所有的人都看着自己，下句我的脸也红了红了”当然就会当然就会“感到尴尬感到尴尬”；另外，文章；另外，文章第三段也有第三段也有“ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.”-词的复现词的复现。Line1WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghad

13、twodifferent Line2 doorsandtheyhaddistinctfunctions.YouhavetopushthedoorwiththewordLine3“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”Line4 toenterthebuilding.Line5Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethesamedoorinSouthKorea.ForquiteaLine6 fewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.

14、Line7 Thewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalsostrangetome.IusedtotaketheLine8schoolbustoclasses.TheschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththeLine9 frontandbackdoors,studentswhoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,Line10 andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgetonlater.InSouthKorea,wedoLine11notneedtowaitforp

15、eopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,Line12andwhenthebusdoorsopened,IunconsciouslytriedtogetontheschoolbusLine13 throughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,IwastotallyLine14 embarrassed,andmyfacewentred.usedoors,doorsmanyhave2010年广东高考英语完形填空技巧年广东高考英语完形填空技巧归纳归纳：1.利用首句。利用首句。有第有第21题和第题和第22题

16、题2.根据上文的提示。根据上文的提示。有第有第24题、题、25题、题、26题、题、28题和题和29题等题等3.根据下文的提示根据下文的提示有第有第27题。题。4.根据上下文的提示（语境）根据上下文的提示（语境）有第有第23和和30题题5.根据词语的复现。根据词语的复现。有第有第27题（题（students)和和30题题(embarrassed)以及第以及第26题（题（new=strange)6.根据上下文的相对应关系或相反关系。根据上下文的相对应关系或相反关系。有第有第24题（题（pushpull;gooutofenter)第第28题（题（firstlater)第第25题（题（differen

17、tsame)7.根据文章语篇标志来确定根据文章语篇标志来确定有第有第26题题（also)常见的标志性的词语有以下几种常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:1结构层次结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；2逻辑关系：逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；3递进关系：递进关系：besides,whats more,furthermore;4转折关系：转折关系：but,while,however等。等。5.并列关系并列关系：also,on the other hand等。等。利利用语篇的标志性的词语用语篇的标志性的词语解题解题8.根据生活常识（或经验）和根据生活常识（或经验）和

18、文化背景的文化背景的角度角度。有第有第29题（题（unconsciously)和第和第30题题（embarrassed)9.根据肯定及否定原则根据肯定及否定原则（一般针对形容词（一般针对形容词和感情色彩的词），有利于缩小范围。和感情色彩的词），有利于缩小范围。有第有第26题（肯定题（肯定satisfying;其它是否定）其它是否定）第第30题（肯定题（肯定excited;其它是否定）其它是否定）Step3.完形填空完形填空微技巧微技巧训练训练1.TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(an

19、dperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女仙女).Notallofthese_arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,and.(2008年广东高考年广东高考21题题)A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermenReappearance2.Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswordseveragain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbeautomatic

20、allyloggedin?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga_.(2007年广东高考年广东高考22题题)A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system3.Grasslandsneedtimetorecoverwhencattleandotheranimalsfeedonthem.Movinganimalsfromonefieldtoanothercanprovidethe_neededfornewgr

21、owth.(2009届广州一模届广州一模21题题)A.cattleB.timeC.spaceD.help4.Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebabysheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfathersclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended_.(2008年广东高考年广东高考27题题)A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods5.On27February2008,somethingunusualhappene

22、dinBritain:therewasaratherlargeearthquake.Itwasthe_UKearthquakein25years.(2008届广州二模届广州二模21题题)A.biggestB.loudestC.deadliestD.scariest6.AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药炸药).“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame_byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefas

23、terthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”(2009年广东高考年广东高考23题题)A.famousB.sickC.richD.popularExamples1,2,3areof_reappearance.Examples4,5areof_reappearance.Examples6isof_reappearance.originalwordssynonymsstructureLastweekIwenttothetheatre.Ihadaverygoodseat.AndTheplaywasveryinteresting.ButI_(enjoy)it.Ayoungmanan

24、dayoungwomanweresittingbehindme.Theyweretalkingloudly.SoIgotvery_.Icouldnotheartheactors.ThereforeI_(turn+adv),andlookedatthemanandthewomanangrily.Butthey_(pay)anyattention.Associations1.Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows_andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.(2008

25、年广东高考年广东高考23题题)A.sickB.slimC.shortD.smallcause-and-effectrelationship因果关系因果关系2.EdgarAllanPoe,whoselifewasshortandseeminglyunhappy,wrotestoriesandpoemsofmysteryand_,insanity(疯狂疯狂)anddeath.(2009届佛山二模届佛山二模22题题)A.happinessB.scienceC.societyD.terrorcoordinativerelationship同类（并列）关系同类（并列）关系3.EdgarAllanPoei

26、salsorememberedasthefatherofmoderndetectivefiction,storiesofaninvestigatorwhohastosolvemurdersandother_.(2009届佛山二模届佛山二模27题题)A.accidentsB.crimesC.eventsD.incidentsinclusiverelationship类属关系类属关系4.WhenChristwasbornnearlytwothousandyearsago,manypeople,richand_,gavehimpresents.A.illB.healthyC.poorD.tallad

27、versativerelationship相对（转折）关系相对（转折）关系5.TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering.Notallofthese21a

28、rethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering.相对（转折）关系相对（转折）关系因果关系因果关系22.A.powerfulB.cruelC.extraordinaryD.frightened衔接衔接(词汇复现词汇复现)21.A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen08广东高考广东高考.6.Animalseatthemost27growthfirst.Whenthatkeepsha

29、ppening,therootsdonothaveenoughtimetorecover.28,lesswantedplantsmayreplacethem.28,lesswantedplantsmayreplacethem.27.A.rapidB.commonC.necessaryD.desirable28.A.OntheotherhandB.InshortC.AsaresultD.Infact因果关系因果关系09广州一模广州一模相对（转折）关系相对（转折）关系7.wasupsettofindoutnotthathehaddied,butthat,whenhistimewasup,hewou

30、ldbethoughtofonlyasonewhoprofitedfrom_anddestruction.(2009年广东高年广东高考考25题题)A.deathB.diseaseC.troubleD.attackcoordinativerelationship同类（并列）关系同类（并列）关系cause-and-effectrelationship-coordinativerelationship-inclusiverelationship-examples1,5,6adversativerelationship-inclusiverelationship-examples2,7example3

31、examples4,5,6 Practicemakesperfect!Letsapplyourskillstothecloze.Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.Theargumenthasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的智力的)growthbylearningsituationthathasdesignedfortheaveragechildren.The

32、recanbelittledoubtthatspecialclassescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethesechildrenoutoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.Iobservedanumberofintelligentchildrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedinaregularclass.Inthespecialclass,theyshowe

33、dlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relyingheavilyontheirteachersdirections.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflectvoluntarilyonmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecomeboredandloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthisconcernismoreof

34、tenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeoftheseadultssimplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoaretalented.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhytheyfeelsogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisananxiouschild

35、.同义复现同义复现相对转折相对转折1.A.principleB.theoryC.argumentD.classification2.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living3.A.smartB.curiousC.matureD.average4.A.regularB.specialC.smallD.creative5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs6.A.intelligentB.competent C.ordinaryD.independent7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.bor

36、ing8.A.speciallyB.slightlyC.wronglyD.heavily9.A.directlyB.cleverlyC.voluntarily D.quickly10.A.doubtedB.boredC.worriedD.tired11.A.concernB.conclusion C.reflectionD.interest12.A.studentsB.adultsC.scholarsD.teachers13.A.talentedB.worriedC.learnedD.interested14.A.believeB.thinkC.sayD.feel15.A.outstandin

37、gB.intelligentC.anxiousD.ordinary同词复现同词复现同词复现同词复现相对转折关系相对转折关系同词复现同词复现同词复现同词复现同义复现同义复现相对转折关系相对转折关系相对转折关系相对转折关系因果关系因果关系同类并列关系同类并列关系同词复现同词复现同义复现同义复现虽是复现，虽是复现，但未能概括但未能概括全部信息全部信息同义复现同义复现结构复现结构复现同词复现同词复现 结构结构+语义语义+逻辑逻辑正确正确通顺通顺合理合理1.position of clue words(线索词线索词):2.Good news:3.Strategies-3 main logical relationships:4.Be confident!-“paper tiger”!Summary:before or after a blank.lots of clue wordsUse 平行，转折，因果逻辑关系平行，转折，因果逻辑关系 to do cloze more efficientlyEnjoyEnglishandEnjoyourstudy!Practicemakesperfect!