七选五解题技巧和方法教学内容.ppt

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1、 七选五任务(rn wu)型阅读解题技巧 Gap-filling Gap-filling Gap-filling 七选五七选五任务型阅读解题技巧 Gap-filling 高考英语高考英语(yn y)专专题复习题复习:第一页，共44页。在一篇约在一篇约300300词的短文中留出词的短文中留出5 5个空白，要求个空白，要求(yoqi)(yoqi)考生从所给的考生从所给的7 7个选项个选项(均为完整的句子均为完整的句子)中选出最佳选中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。试卷中题干项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出表述如下：根据

2、短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）命题形式体现了新课标命题形式体现了新课标“用英语获取、处理和运用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读的阅读学习和教学理念。学习和教学理念。选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡

3、性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）题型简析第二页，共44页。七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧第三页，共44页。细节(xji)类题型解题技巧篇章(pinzhng)结构类的解题技巧解题技巧第四页，共44页。方法方法(fngf)n 看文章看文章(wnzhng)结构结构n 找关键词找关键词n 找逻辑关系找逻辑关系n 排除法排除法第五页，共44页。Step 1 Structure 文章文章(wnzhng)结构结构第六页，共44页。Be an inventor The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can

4、do it!Perhaps this sounds crazy,but its true.Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing,so read on to discover the truth.大标题大标题(biot)大标题大标题(biot)短小精悍，大写短小精悍，大写1第七页，共44页。小标题小标题短小精悍短小精悍(dun xio jng hn)，结构一致，结构一致 Be on time When meeting someone for.Introduce yourself and ask for names Make sure you

5、properly.Smile!Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!Be fun!Listen!小标题小标题小标题小标题2第八页，共44页。Smile!Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!Be fun!Listen!_ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today.A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Class work

6、is a great icebreaker.D.Say“hello”and see what happens.E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.B 2第九页，共44页。Be fun!_ Think about the people you most enjoy being withusually the

7、y are always on the up and up.Being fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you.It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face.A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Classwork is a great icebreaker.D.Say“hello”and see what happens.E.And do

8、nt just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.G段首段首段首段首概括概括概括概括(giku)(giku)文文文文段，与小标题相呼应。段，与小标题相呼应。段，与小标题相呼应。段，与小标题相呼应。3第十页，共44页。How fast can a home remodeling(改造(gizo)project be completed?

9、_ At least,thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces.About 48 hours.Wow!Thats great!But you didnt see that on the show.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.But one couple in Portland,Oregon,hated their new roo

10、m.The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.4A段中段中承上启下承上启下(chng shng q xi)第十一页，共44页。They work a lot more.Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more.They have long lists of things they want to get done._A.They avoid the

11、 crowds.B.They are never too proud.C.Decide where you want to end up.D.So they have to put in lots of time.E.Keep in mind selling isnt controlling.F.Successful people dont try to win just one race.G.But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.5D段尾段尾段尾段尾总结总结总结总结(zngji)(zngji)，承，承，承，承上启下上启

12、下上启下上启下第十二页，共44页。小结小结(xioji)一一 Structure 文文章结章结 构构 n 大标题(biot)n 小标题(biot)n 段首n 段中n 段尾15432第十三页，共44页。文章结构类的解题技巧文章结构类的解题技巧1.标题标题(biot)型型 短小精悍短小精悍（多为名词性短语、祈使句）（多为名词性短语、祈使句）2.首句型首句型1)首段首句首段首句 文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应2)中间段首句中间段首句 总结下文总结下文 本段主题本段主题 靠上下文承接做题靠上下文承接做题3)末段首句末段首句 文章主题，首尾呼应文章主题，首尾呼应3.衔接型衔接型 多为承上启下多为承

13、上启下 过渡衔接的句子过渡衔接的句子第十四页，共44页。n1)1)如果问题在段首如果问题在段首 n 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意(dy)(dy)知主题知主题2)2)如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 n 通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,as a theref

14、ore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,result,thus,hence,in short,toto sum up,sum up,toto conclude,in a wordconclude,in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。义词句。文章(wnzhng)结构类的解题技巧第十五页，共44页。3)3)如果挖空位置在段中如果挖空位置在段中 挖空位置如果在段中，挖空位置如果在段中，则则其所填句子含其所填句子含义应义应与前后句保持一致。因此，考生在与前后句保持一致。因此，考生在做做题时题时要学会瞻前要学会瞻前顾顾后后

15、(zhn qin g (zhn qin g hu)hu)，关注体，关注体现现前后句前后句逻辑逻辑关系的关关系的关联联词词。第十六页，共44页。细节细节(xji)类题型解题技巧类题型解题技巧第十七页，共44页。Step 1 Key words关键词关键词第十八页，共44页。1nBefore you shake hands with somebody,make sure that your hands are clean.The handshake should not be too strong or weak.Most people use their right hands,unless t

16、hey have a reason to use the left._A.It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby.B.Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression.C.However,dont have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.C同词重复同词重复(chngf)第十九页，共44页。2A birthday surprise Nathan w

17、oke up early and raced into the kitchen.He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._ Where was his birthday cake?Did his family forget his special day?A.And there was nobody.B.Where were his birthday presents?C.All he saw was a not no the ground.B同构复现同构复现(f xin)第二十页，共44页。3

18、-4Dont forget to wear a helmet(头盔头盔(tu ku)Whether youre a beginner or an expert,youre going to fall,and sometimes youre going to fall hard.“I went down to one run that was pretty hard,”Nate,a skiing learner,says,“_3 ”You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装备装备)Some skiers who owned nic

19、e winter jackets couldnt go on the trip.4 “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear.That was very helpful,”says 13-year-old Matt Rizer.Dont worry about falling.I felt like I was learning pretty quickly.I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet.Dont think that you ski well enough

20、not to wear a helmet.So they lent their clothes to other skiers.CE同畴词同畴词同构词同构词第二十一页，共44页。同构词同构词n fall fell（不同时态）n beauty beautifuln act action （不同词性(cxng)）n mate roommate n police policeman （相同词根）第二十二页，共44页。同畴词同畴词 （畴：范畴（畴：范畴(fnchu)）n jacket(夹克)clothes(衣服(y fu)n夹克是衣服(y fu)中的一种。n如：fruit：apple,orange,b

21、ananan furniture(家具)：bed,table,armchairn sports:running,swimming,jumping类别类别(libi)具体具体第二十三页，共44页。5nSometimes kids are glad to hear a“no”from their parents._A.There are two types of parents love.B.It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.近义词近义词B第二十四页，共44页。When we change our jobs or scho

22、ols,it often leaves us without a friend._ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.A.Making new friends comes easy for some people.B.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.6A反义词反义词第二十五页，共44页。n Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk

23、to your eyes.No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses._1_n2014辽宁卷nA.Eat your greens.nB.Eye care should begin early in life.nC.They can properly protect your eyes.nD.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.nE.Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.sunglas

24、sesTheyC代词代词(dic)第二十六页，共44页。小结小结(xioji)三三 Key words 关关键词键词n同词重复同词重复n同构复现（相同句型结构同构复现（相同句型结构(jigu)，相同，相同词不同结构词不同结构(jigu)）n同畴词同畴词n近义词近义词n反义词反义词n代词线索代词线索nn Tip:就近就近(jijn)原则原则第二十七页，共44页。Step 2 Logical relationship 逻辑关系逻辑关系第二十八页，共44页。n1._ However,the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买(mn mi)市),in India.nA.So

25、metimes they even write the script by hand.nB.Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood,in the USA.B转折转折(zhunzh)第二十九页，共44页。n2._ This is because some people have certain qualities,which others do not.nA.Some people succeed,while others may not.nB.As the famous saying goes,“No pains,no g

26、ains.”A因果因果(yngu)第三十页，共44页。n3._ In the other words,when you are in love with someone,you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.nA.Another proverb says“Love is blind.”nB.Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.A解释解释(jish)第三十一页，共44页。n4.Taking good notes is a time saving s

27、kill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.nA.You must write your notes on separate paper.nB.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remem

28、ber.B并列并列(bngli)（顺（顺序）序）第三十二页，共44页。小结小结(xioji)三三 Logical Relationship 逻辑关系逻辑关系n转折转折n因果因果(yngu)n解释解释n并列（顺序）并列（顺序）n第三十三页，共44页。常见常见(chn jin)的逻辑关系词的逻辑关系词并列：并列：also,too,then,and,as well as,not onlybut also,first,second,firstly,next,for one thing,for another thing,eitheror,neithernor因果：因果：for,because,beca

29、use of,such,since,as,therefore,thus,accordingly,as a result,consequently,so第三十四页，共44页。转折转折(zhunzh)：however,still,though,yet,in spite of,at any rate（无论如何）（无论如何）,in any case,on the contrary,in contrast,by contrast,in comparison,by comparison,otherwise,but,while.解释：解释：in fact,actually,for example,in ot

30、her words,as a matter of fact,that is to say.第三十五页，共44页。递进递进(d jn)：further,furthermore,more over,whats more,besides,in addition,not onlybut also第三十六页，共44页。Step 3 排除法排除法(市一模)Focus on what you love to do together.The gift you choose should tell a story Think about their interests and hobbies.The gift

31、you choose should be something that is close to his or her heart _38_ You will want to strike the right balance between a gift that is popular but also unique to themA.Check out what is hot.B.Stay within your budget.C.So,can you find them as a gift that is memorable and yet practical enough to be us

32、ed daily?排除法与其排除法与其(yq)他方法相结合他方法相结合A第三十七页，共44页。Lets try!第三十八页，共44页。n A garden thats just right for you(2016.全国卷全国卷2)nHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you,where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总总和和(zngh)of its parts?36 .But it doesnt happen by

33、 accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.n 37 nSome people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening

34、 methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料肥料).38 .However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.nRecall(回回忆忆)your childhood memoriesFEA第三十九页，共44页。nOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to

35、childhood.Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad,but thats not whats important.39 -how being in those gardens made us feel.If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden,start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.40 .Then go outside and work ou

36、t a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden.Have fun.nA.Know why you gardennB.Find a good place for your own gardennC.Its our experience of the garden that mattersnD.Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersnE.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close t

37、o plantsnF.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden,toonG.For each of those gardens,writer down the strongest memory you haveCG第四十页，共44页。n考纲解读：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下考纲解读：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。n选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上

38、下文逻辑意义）结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）n 1.主旨概括：文章的标题、段落主旨概括：文章的标题、段落(dunlu)小标题、段落小标题、段落(dunlu)主题句主题句n2.关键词关键词n(1)词汇复现词汇复现 原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词 等等复现复现n(2)代冠词指代代冠词指代 it,they,this,that,these,then3.上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义(logical coherence)n看连接词，问答，以及上下文解释说明等关系，也就是看连接词，问答，以及上下文解释说明等关系，也就是n上下文逻辑关系上下文逻辑关系n 4.排除法

39、排除法n Summary第四十一页，共44页。解题(ji t)步骤1.速读全文，找主题句速读全文，找主题句（标题预测）。（标题预测）。2.详读段落，明确各段主题句，找出各段关键详读段落，明确各段主题句，找出各段关键 词。词。3.定位选项：读空前空后句子，分析逻辑性，定位选项：读空前空后句子，分析逻辑性，注意衔接注意衔接(xinji)手段和衔接手段和衔接(xinji)标志标志词。词。4.灵活掌握答题顺序灵活掌握答题顺序(先易后难先易后难)。5.代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系。代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系。第四十二页，共44页。Homework n专题能力专题能力(nngl)升级套题升级套题n阅读七选五（一）阅读七选五（一）第四十三页，共44页。The end!第四十四页，共44页。