高考英语语法精讲精练精析-交际用语.doc

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1、专题十六交际用语英语中的交际用语是用来进行双向交流的一种很重要的手段，因此是高考必考的一个项目。课程标准把功能意念项目分为：社会交往、情感、态度、时间、存在、特征、计量、比较、逻辑关系和职业十一个大项，六十八个小项。由于中英文化的差异，风俗习惯的不同，汉语和英语在交际用语的使用上有时会有不同。因此，学生在使用语言进行交际时，一定要注意说话的场合和背景，讲话要符合英语的习惯。切忌不顾场合，或受汉语思维的干扰，乱讲一通。在平时的复习中，我们要尽量仿照教材或其他英语读物中出现的交际用语，逐渐培养自己运用英语进行交际的能力。分析近几年的高考试题，我们可以发现在单项填空题中主要考查了以下几个方面的内容：

2、1喜欢与厌恶_Im fond of playing table tennis. ADo you like sports? BWhich sport do you like best? CPlaying table tennis is fun. DIs playing table tennis your favorite thing to do? 【答案与解析】B答语题意为“我喜欢打乒乓球”。这说明对方问的可能是“你最喜欢什么运动？”2看病 I feel sick, doctor. _I am not sure，but I have got a bad headache. AHow long h

3、ave you been sick?BIm sorry to hear that.CHow are you feeling now? DDo you have a fever? 【答案与解析】D根据下文病人的答语I am not sure可知医生问的是“你发烧吗？ 3.责备和抱怨I was really anxious about you. You shouldnt have left without a word. _AWhy not？BReally? CI dont know. DIm terribly sorry. 【答案与解析】D做了错事理应表示歉意。4约会When shall we

4、meet, at 6: 00 or at 6: 30?_.AAt any time BYou make the timeCWell, either time will doDAny time is OK 【答案与解析】C此题题干中的信息词是at 6：00 or at 6：30，表示两个时间概念。答语中的any不合适，因为any指三者或三者以上中的任何一个。5告别Its getting late. Im afraid I must be going now.OK. _ ATake it easy. BGo slowly. CStay longer. DSee you. 【答案与解析】 D客人道别

5、，主人同意，然后道别。6道歉We missed you at this mornings meeting，Diana. _， but if I hadnt had to meet a friend, I would have been there.AMe, too BIm sorry CNever mind DThank you 【答案与解析】B理解题干中miss(没有看到)的确切含义是解答本题的关键，听话者必须对自己缺席会议道歉，并解释原因。7介绍Hi，Im your new neighbor. My name is David. _ADo you live alone? BWhere ar

6、e you from?CHi！Its good to see you. Im George. DOh，you are my new neighbor. 【答案与解析】C对方说出了是新邻居并做了自我介绍，你也要问候并做自我介绍。8问路Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is，please? _ Oh yes！Its past the office, next to a big market.AMm，let me think. BOh, I beg your pardon?CYoure welcome. DWhat do you me

7、an? 【答案与解析】A此题题干中的信息词是Oh yes！表明说话者有一个思考的过程。意思是“哦，让我想想。”9.询问Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday?_. AThey are not nervous at allBThey were still youngCThey played naturallyDThey couldnt have done better 【答案与解析】D此处They couldnt have done better是一句赞扬的话。说明他们已经尽了最大努力，不会打得比这再好了。 10.猜测与

8、预见Its been raining for a whole week. I think itll get fine soon._. We are getting into the rainy season now. AYes，it will BOf course not CIts possible DIts hard to say 【答案与解析】D一方认为“天很快会转晴”，另一方则表示一种“不肯定”的看法：很难说(Its hard to say.)。英语中表示不十分肯定的表达法还有“It seems that.；It looks as if.”等。11观点看法It took me ten y

9、ears to build up my business，and it almost killed me.Well，you know what they say. _.AThere is no smoke without fire BPractice makes perfectCAll roads lead to RomeDNo pains，no gains【答案与解析】D根据一方所陈述的“花了我十年时间成就事业，费了不少劲”可知，另一方则表达了观点“不劳无获(No pains, no gains)”。12感谢与应答Thanks for the lovely and delicious foo

10、d. _.ANo thanks BNever mindCAll right DMy pleasure【答案与解析】DMy pleasure. 常常用来回答对方的感谢。常见的回答感谢的方式还有：Youre welcome. / Not at all. / Dont mention it. / Thats all right. 等。13同意与反对Do you think I could borrow your bicycle?_ AHow come？ BTake your time.CYes，go on.DYes，help yourself.【答案与解析】D问题意为“我能够借用你的自行车吗？” 答

11、语表示同意“好的，请随便吧。”表示同意的用语还有“Certainly / Exactly / Sure / Of course. / I agree. / No problem. / Thats exactly what I was thinking.”等。高考真题探究（20062011年）【2011全国卷I 35】Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.Well, you married one. _ . A. You name it B. Ive got it C. I cant agree more D. You should kn

12、ow【答案】D【考点】考察情景交际【解析】句意：艺术家有时生活挺困难的。嗯，你嫁给了一个艺术家，应该是了解的。根据题意应选D。A. You name it表示全部说出来；B. Ive got it表示我明白了；C. I cant agree more表示我完全同意。【2011全国卷I 21】We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party. Yes, _ ? Ill give them a call right now. A. why not B. what for C. why D. what【答案】A【考点】考察情景交际。

13、句意：我们邀请约翰和芭芭拉来参加周五的派对好么？好啊，我现在就给他们打电话。从题意可知，说话人B同意了A的观点，why not为什么不，表赞成，故选A。【解析】【2011全国卷II 6】Did you forget about my birthday? _ Ive booked a table at Michels restaurant for this evening. A. What then? B. Im afraid so. C. How could I? D. For sure.【答案】C【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】根据”Ive booked a table at Michels

14、restaurant for this evening.”可知，答话人并没有忘记对方的生日，因此选择C，How could I?表示“我怎么能忘呢？”。What then?“那便会怎么样呢？”，Im afraid so.“恐怕是这样。”，For sure.“肯定；确定。”，均不符合语境。【2011全国卷II 20】So you gave her your phone?_she said shed return it to me when she could afford her own. A. My pleasure B. Not exactly C. No doubt D. All righ

15、t【答案】B【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意：“所以你把你的手机给她了？”“事实上不是，她说她自己能买得起的时候就把它还给我。“Not exactly表示”不完全如此“。My pleasure”不客气”，为道谢的答语；No doubt“毫无疑问”；Allright“行，好”，均不符合语境。【2011山东卷 22】Im sorry I broken the vase. Oh, _. It wasnt very expensive. A. youd better notB. Im afraid notC. as you wishD. thats all right【答案】D【考点】考查交际用语。

16、【解析】句意：对不起，我打碎了花瓶。-哦，没关系，它不很贵。根据句子情境上下文，用来回答sorry.其他选项不符合英语表达习惯A.“你最好别那样做”。B“我恐怕不是这样”C“正如你期待的”【2011山东卷 29】Are you going to Toms birthday party? _.I might have to work.A. It dependsB. Thank youC. Sound greatD. Dont mention it【答案】A【考点】此题为考查交际用语。【解析】句意“-你要去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗？-看情况而定。我可能得工作。”根据回答的后半句推测句意选A.C为“听起

17、来不错”,用于接受某人的提议 D为“不用提了”用于回答别人说“thank you”.【2011江西卷 21】- We need three single rooms for the first week in June.- _. The hotels not busy then. A. No problemB. Dont botherC. Never mindD. It doesnt matter【答案】A【考点】考察情景交际【解析】No problem没问题。Dont bother.别打扰。Never mind.没关系。It doesnt matter.没关系前句问我是否可以预定六月第一周的

18、房间吗？从后一句答语没问题,宾馆在之后是不忙的。所以前一句答语应该是肯定的并且语气十分肯定。答案：A【2011江苏卷 35】You could always put the decisions off a little bit longer. _ If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.A. Thats reasonable advice. B. Isnt it a good idea?C. Do you think so? D. I cant agree more.【答案】C【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】根据后面的句子If I lea

19、ve it much longer I might miss my chance.可判断，第二个人并不赞同第一个人的说法，因此反问“你这样认为吗”。其他三项均表示赞同对方的说法或建议。【2011安徽卷 23】Oh, you sounded just like a native. _, I still have trouble expressing myself.A. Well, not quite B.I dont careC. Yes, youre right D. Im glad you like it【答案】A【考点】考查情境交际。【解析】句意为：“哦，听起来你说地就像说母语的人一样。”

20、“那里啊，我要表达自己的看法仍然有些困难”。A项为“并非完全”；B项为“我不介意”；C项为“你说的对”；D项为“你能喜欢我很高兴”。根据句意选择A项。【2011安徽卷 29】You can have a pet dog, but suppose you get bored with it in a few days? _？We wont, we promise!A. Then what B. All right C. How come D. So what【答案】C【考点】考查情境交际。【解析】句意为：“你可以养只宠物狗，但是假如过了几天你厌烦了呢？下一步会怎么样呢？”“我们保证不会厌烦的。”

21、A项为“下一步会怎样？下一步怎么办？”；B项为“好吧”，表示赞同别人的建议；C项为“怎么会呢？”，表示惊讶；D项为“那又怎样？”，表示对某事不关心或认为某事不重要。根据句意选择A项。【2011安徽卷 35】We got here Tuesday afternoon. _Why didnt you call us earlier? A. Good luck! B. You did? C. Its no surprise. D. You are welcome【答案】B【考点】考查情境交际。【解析】句意为：“我们是星期二下午到达这里的。”“是吗？那为什么不早点给我们打电话？”A项为“祝你好运！”，

22、用于事前的祝愿；B项为“是吗？”，是对对方回答的惊讶；C项为“毫不惊奇”；D项为“不用谢！别客气！”，在美国英语中用于道谢的答语。根据下句话Why didnt you call us earlier?选择B项。【2011江苏卷 29】Linda didnt invite us to the party._? I dont care.A. For what B. So what C. Whats on D. Whats up【答案】B【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】根据后面的句子I dont care.可判断，此处表示“那又怎么样”，表示满不在乎或无所谓的态度。A项表示“为了什么”，C项表示“在展

23、览什么”；D项表示”怎么了，发生什么啦”。【2011浙江卷 1】Im sorry I didnt make it to your party last night._, I know youre busy these days.A. Of courseB. No kiddingC. Thats all nightD. Dont mention it【答案】C【考点】本题考查交际用语。【解析】句意为：对不起，我昨天没到你的party那去，没关系，我知道你忙。选C。【2011浙江卷 17】Can I come and have a look at your new house? Yes, _! A

24、. with pleasure B. I like it C. I quite agree D. by all means【答案】D【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为：我可以看到您的新房子吗？随时可以。选D。【2011浙江卷 20】I dont think Ill be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow. _? A. And how B. How come C. Hows it going D. How about it【答案】B【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为：我明天可能不会去爬山。为什么？A. And how对，正确，当然啦。B. How c

25、ome为什么，怎么会。【2011四川卷 1】Im sorry I didnt finish it on time. _. A. Fine，thanks B. No，thanks C. Thanks a lot DThanks anyway【答案】D【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为：抱歉我未能按时完成。无论如何我还是得谢谢你。D符合语境。A为见面招呼用语，B用于委婉拒绝，C在表示非常感谢时用。【2011四川卷 5】How could you be so rude as to walk in here in the middle of my class? _A. Nothing much B.

26、 Nothing serious C. Never again D. Never mind【答案】C【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】根据第一句“你怎么会如此粗鲁地走进这里我的教室中间来？”可知答案为Never again（绝不再）。A意为“没什么”；B意为“没什么大问题”；D意为“没关系；别介意”。【2011天津卷 14】I need to advertise for a roommate for next term._? Mary is interested.A. Why bother B. Why not C. So what D. What for【答案】A【考点】考察交际用语。【解析】句

27、意为：我需要你为一个室友登广告下个赛季了。何必多此一举，玛丽是感兴趣的。Why bother何必多此一举Why not为什么不；So what那又怎么样呢； What for 为什么。【2011天津卷 2】-Just a moment. I havent finished packing my suitcase. _ . Its high time we left for the airport.A. Go ahead B. Take it easy C. Hurry up D. Thats fine【答案】C【考点】考察交际用语。【解析】句意为：请稍等。我还没有打完包我的手提箱。快点- -我

28、们将马上离开机场。Go ahead开始，前进；进行；Take it easy 不着急；Hurry up 快点；Thats fine那很好。【2011陕西卷 18】Jack，you seem in high spirits.-_We won the match 4-0. A. Guess what? B. So what? C. No wonder. D. No double【答案】A【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为：Jack，你看上去精神很好。你猜猜看，我们4-0赢得了比赛。Guess what?你猜怎么着，猜猜看；So what?那又怎样？No wonder.难怪。【2011重庆卷 23

29、】Are you going to take part in the speech contest?_Its too good an opportunity to miss.A. No problem! B. Thats for sure.C. Why me? D. Why bother?【答案】B【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为“你打算去参加演讲比赛吗？”“那是必须的。这是一个十分难得的机会，怎能错过呢？”只有B符合语境。【2011重庆卷 35】Do you have Marys phone number?Sorry,_.A. I dont know B. forget itC. her

30、e you are D. I cant remember it【答案】D【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】此题容易误选A。但是注意语境，“你有Mary的电话号码吗？”“对不起，我忘了。”肯定不可能是“我不知道我有没有Mary的电话号码”，而选A正是这个意思，故排除。【2011辽宁卷 35】 I probably shouldnt have any more cake. Oh, _. It wont kill you. A. go ahead B. hold on, please C. youre welcome D. thatll do【答案】A【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】或许我不应该再吃蛋糕了

31、。别这样，它又不会要你命。【2011陕西卷 21】We can give you a ride into town._Thank you. A. Yes, why not? B. Oh, it would be my pleasure. C. Yes, please. D. Oh, that would be great.【答案】D【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】句意为：-我们可以送你一程去城镇那太好了，谢谢您。Oh,that would be great.表示对对方的感谢。【2011福建卷 35】My teacher says shes canceling the class play. I

32、just cant understand._ .You were looking forward to it.A.It doesnt matter B.Its very unwise of her C.Dont worry about it D.You must be disappointed【答案】D【考点】考查交际用语。【解析】上文说到老师取消了the class play，很是不明白。下文又提到你们都很期待，当然就非常失望了。10安徽- Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?-_, does it?A.

33、 It takes no time B. It counts for nothingC. It doesnt hurt to ask D. It doesnt make sense答案C考点本题考查交际用语。解析It doesnt hurt to ask意为 “又不是不能问；问一下也无妨”； It counts for nothing意为 “这不算什么”； It doesnt make sense意为 “没有意义；讲不通”； It take no time意为 “这不花时间”。句意为 “-你知道Linda是否愿负责这个项目吗？-问一下也无妨, 不是吗？”10安徽- _?-That would

34、be great !Please drop me off at the libraryA. could you bring me the billB. would you like me to give you a liftC. Could you tell me the postcode for D. would you like to have my e-mail address答案B考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意为 “你想让我给你打个便车吗would you like me to give you a lift？-太棒了！请到图书馆让我下车。”10江西 Do you enjoy your

35、 present job? _. I just do it for a living. A Of course B Not really C Not likely D Not a little答案B考点本题考查交际用语。解析of course 当然 not really 委婉说不 not likely 不可能 not a little 非常前句问你喜欢现在的工作吗？从后一句答语我们知道, 他仅仅是为了谋生。所以前一句答语应该是否定的, 而且答语口气并不强烈, 所以要用委婉的语气, 答案：B10山东Do you think you could do without help? _. This i

36、s not the first time for me. A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Dont worry答案D考点本题考查交际用语的使用。解析根据后置语境This is not the first time for me可知, 答语应表示 “没问题, 别担心”之意, 所以D项符合语境。10山东 Her father is very rich. _ She wouldnt accept his help even if it were offered. A. What for? B. So what? C. No doubt. D. N

37、o wonder. 答案B考点本题考查交际英语在具体语境中的使用。解析句意应为 “-她父亲非常富裕。-那又怎么样？即使主动给她帮助, 她也不会接受的。”表示 “那又怎么样？”用So what? 。What for？表示 “为了什么？”；No doubt 表示 “毫无疑问”；No wonder 表示 “毫不奇怪”。10天津Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?Sure. ?A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want答案C考点考查交际用语。解析句意：劳驾, 你能帮帮我吗？好的,

38、 什么事？第一个人询问是否可以帮忙, 从第二个人的回答sure, 可以知道他愿意, 接着问, 具体是什么事, 用What is it？意思是 “什么事？”。10天津Professor Johnson, Im afraid I cant finish the report within this week. How about next week?A. Good for you B. It wont bother me C. Not at all D. Thats OK答案D考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意：约翰逊教授, 恐怕我这周完不成报告。 好的, 下周怎么样？根据后面的How about n

39、ext week, 可以看出, Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系, 所以用Thats OK。10全国Everybody is going to climb the mountain . Can I go too , mom ? _ Wait till you are old enough ,dear. A. Will you B. Why not ? C. I hope so . D. Im afraid not. 答案D考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意： 每个人都要去爬山, 我也能去吗妈妈？ 恐怕不行, 亲爱的, 等你长大的吧。Will you用于请求第三者的同意, Why no

40、t译为 “为什么不去做”用于向别人提建议, I hope so译为 “我也希望是这样”, I am afraid not译为恐怕不行, 根据句意选择D。10全国Was he sorry for what hed done ?A. No wonder B. Well done C. Not really D. Go ahead答案C考点本题考查交际用语。解析句意：他为他所做的事情道歉了吗？事实上没有。no wonder “不足为奇”, well done译为 “做得好”, not really译为 “事实上没有”, “Go ahead”译为 “做吧”。根据句意选择C。10江苏Do you thi

41、nk their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games? _. Ours is much stronger than theirs. A. Of course B. It depends C. Dont mention it D. By no means答案D考点本题考查交际用语。解析by no means 表示绝不 It depends. 表示看情况而定.10陕西Whats the noise ? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs. -_ . It

42、must be the window-cleaner working, next door. A. Im not sure B. I hope not C. Id rather not D. I dont think so答案D考点本题考查交际用语。解析A项意思是：我不确信；B项意思是：我希望不会；C项意思是：我宁愿不；D项意思是：我认为不会。根据应答句的后一分句意思可知所填部分表示对前一人的观点的否定, 故选D。10陕西What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking? . But we need to be home before six oclock for the football match. . A. Have a nice time. B. Pardon me C. Thats great D. You are