高中英语_Unit1_Friendship(教材)_新人教版必修1.doc

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1、 Unit 1Friendship【单元导航】World War In 1933，the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million.Many European Jews lived in the countries that Nazi Germany would occupy or influence.By 1945，nearly two out of every three European Jews had been killed as part of the “Final Solution”，which was the

2、Nazi policy to murder all the Jews of Europe.Section OneWarming Up and Reading .Leadin 1.选择下面的词语描绘你最要好的朋友 sociable，honest，friendly，easygoing，nervous，openminded，anxious，careful， talented，talkative，nosy，thoughtful，generous，carefree，pessimistic，peaceful， optimistic，interesting，reliable，helpful，active，c

3、areless，caring，exact，adventurous，imaginative，hotblooded，wellorganised，trustworthy，patient，responsible，outgoing，kind，brave，warmhearted，selfless，tolerant，etc. 3.回答下列问题(1)Why do you need friends？Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you. to cope with stressful situations in life；to share

4、my worries and secrets in my inner world；to show my concern for other people；to let other people share my happiness；to unfold to other people the secrets in my heart (to name but few)etc. (2)What do you think a good friend should be like？List what a good friend should do and share the list with your

5、 partners. tell me the truth (honest)；be good to me (friendly)；be willing to consider or accept others ideas or opinions (openminded)；be willing to help others (generous or helpful)；be goodtempered；think about what others need and try to help them (caring)；be loyal to their responsibility (responsib

6、le)；not easily upset (easygoing)；be outgoing (like to meet and talk to new people)；be tolerant (allow other people to have different opinions or do something in a different way)；be selfless (to name but few)，etc. (3)Does a friend always have to be a person？What else can be a friend? Answers can be v

7、arious. (4)Do you think a diary can become your friend？Why or why not? Students answers may vary but must include a reason.e.g.Yes.I think it can be， because I can set down how I feel every day in my diary，and let other people read it to share my feelings some time later.Above all，it feels good to w

8、rite down my thoughts and feelings on paper when I am sad or lonely.速读课文，回答下列问题 1.Look at the pictures and the title of the reading passage.Guess what it might be about.2.Who was Annes best friend? Her diaryKitty.3.When did the story happen? During World War .4.How many parts does it contain？What ar

9、e the different parts about? It contains two parts.One part is one page of Annes diary，the other part is the background knowledge about Anne and her diary.精读课文，回答下列问题1.概括每段的大意 Para 1：Anne made her diary her best friend whom she could tell everything to. Para 2：Annes diary acted as her true friend du

10、ring the time she and her family had to hide away for a long time. Para 3：Having been kept indoors for so long，Anne grew so crazy about everything to do with nature. 2.完成下列表格The place of the story(1)NetherlandsThe heroines full name(2)Anne FrankHer best friend(3)her diaryKittyThe length of time her

11、family hid away(4)over two yearsThe time they started to hide(5)July 1942 .写出表达Anne感情的词 sad，anxious，eager，excited，earnest，crazy，calm，lonely. .与同桌讨论、理解下列长难句并尝试翻译成汉语 1.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 句子结构

12、分析：If引导的是wonder的宾语从句，其中含有一个强调句型，其结构是It is/was被强调部分that句子剩余的部分。be crazy about意为对着迷/疯狂；everything to do with nature意为与自然有关的一切。 翻译： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的 事物都无比狂热。 2.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have

13、 kept me spellbound.句子结构分析：That引导的是remember的宾语从句；there was a time when.意为“曾经 一度，曾经有一段时间”。 翻译：我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心驰 神往过。 3.it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face. 句子结构分析： It wasthe first/second.timethat 主语过去完成时态意为“某人第几次干某事”。 翻译：这是一年半以来我第一次目睹夜晚 4.I

14、 am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. 句子结构分析： hanging before very dusty windows在句中作定语，修饰curtains。 翻译：我只能透过挂在沾满灰尘的窗前的脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然。 .参考所提供的信息用第一人称来复述课文Annes best friendwhather diarywhat kindtold everything towhenWorld War whereAmsterdam，Netherlandswha

15、thid away so as not to be caughtAnnes feelingTimeNatureFeelingBeforehidingblue sky，songs of birds，moonlight，flowersnever feltspellboundAfterhidingdarkness，rain，wind，thundering cloudsfelt crazy，held in their power.Section ThreeGrammar直接引语和间接引语()1.He said,“Im going to see a film this afternoon.”2.He s

16、aid that he was going to see a film that afternoon.3.Jack said to me,“I have waited for you for a long time.”4.Jack told me that he had waited for me for a long time.5.The teacher said to us,“We will have an English party next week.” 6.The teacher told us that we would have an English party the next

17、 week. 当我们用引号引出别人的原话时，被引用部分称为直接引语，如上面的1、3、5中都 用了直接引语。 当我们间接地把别人的意思转述出来时，被转述的部分称为间接引语，如上面的2、4、 6中都用了间接引语。由以上例句可以体会出，直接引语变为间接引语时，人称、时 态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词都会发生变化，现总结如下：1.直接引语与间接引语时态变化对照一览表直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时 【提醒】 下列情况下，直接引语变间接引语时时态不变。 (1)直接引语如果陈述的是客观事实或真

18、理，当其变为间接引语时，不管主句用什么时 态，间接引语的时态都不变。 The teacher told the students,“The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. (2)直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语时，变间接引语时，其时态仍保持过去时。 The girl said,“I was born in Hong Kong in 1990.” The girl said that she was born in Hong Kong i

19、n 1990. (3)主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，变间接引语时，时态通常不变。 The old gentleman often says,“Time is life.” The old gentleman often says that time is life.2.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化一览表直接引语间接引语This 这that 那these 这些those 那些now 现在then 那时，当时today 今天that day 那天yesterday 昨天the day before 前一天tomorrow 明天the next (following)day第二天t

20、onight 今晚that night 那天晚上last week 上周the week before 前一周next week 下周the next week 第二周two weeks ago两周前two weeks before 两周前the day before yesterday前天two days before 两天前the day after tomorrow后天two days later 两天后here 这里there那里come 来go去bring 带来take拿走3.人称代词的变化 (1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称,变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。 (2)“

21、二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称,变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。 (3)“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。4.疑问句直接引语变间接引语 (1)直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，常用if或whether引导，引述动词用 asked， 没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语me，him 等。 He asked me,“Are you good at English？” He asked me if/whether I was good at English. (2)反意疑问句变间接引语时，只能用whether来引导。 (3)特殊疑问句变间接引语时，用原句中的疑

22、问词作连词，将句子改为陈述语序。 The teacher asked the boy,“Why are you late again？” The teacher asked the boy why he was late again. I asked her,“When did you come here？” I asked her when she had been there.5.直接引语变间接引语时，还要注意几种特殊情况： (1)陈述句由直接引语变为间接引语时，如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，仅 能省略第一个 that，其余的均不可省略。He said,“I want to vis

23、it the Great Wall，and my father will go with me then.” He said (that) he wanted to visit the Great Wall and that his father would go with him then. (2)直接引语是祈使句时，变间接引语时常变为ask/tell/order sb.to do sth.句型。如果是以 lets开头的祈使句，则通常变为suggest doing 或 suggestthat 从句。 “Do it again.”the teacher said to us. The teac

24、her told us to do it again. (3)直接引语中有when，since，while引导的从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句的时态，从句的时态不变。 (4)如果在当地转述，here不必变为there，come不必变为go；如果在当天转述，则today， yesterday，tomorrow等时间状语也不必变化。 (5)有的疑问句并非提出疑问，而是表示请求、建议、劝告等意义。引述这类疑问句时， 通常用“ask/advise/want宾语不定式”的结构，表示建议时，通常用“suggest动 名词”等结构。 Mr.Green asked,“Shall we go to Beij

25、ing to watch the Olympic Games？” Mr.Green suggested going to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games.句型转换1.He said to me,“I broke your CD player yesterday.” He told me that he had broken my CD player the day before.2.He said to me,“What can I do for you？” He asked me what he could do for me.3.He said,“I

26、havent seen these children by now.”He said that he hadnt seen those children by then.4.He asked me,“Can I go to see her tomorrow？”He asked me if he could go to see her the next day.把下列直接引语变为间接引语或间接引语变为直接引语1.“Weve lived there for two years，”he told me. He told me that they had lived there for two yea

27、rs.2.“I was here a few weeks ago，”she said. She said she had been there a few weeks before.3.“I went to university in the 1960s，”Wang Hua told his students. Wang Hua told his students that she/he went to university in the 1960s.4.The teacher asked Wang Ying why she hadnt gone to school the day befor

28、e. “Why didnt you go to school yesterday？”the teacher asked Wang Ying.Section FourUsing Language走进课文1.Think about the following questions and give your ideas about them. (1)What will you do if you have trouble with your classmates or friends？For example，if he/she does something wrong that makes you

29、angry or sad? If I have trouble with.，I will. (2)What will you do if you disagree with your friends about something? If I disagree with.，Ill. (3)Do you think it is possible for you to get along well with everyone? Yes./No，I think/I dont think so，because.2.Read Lisas letter and answer the following q

30、uestions. (1)What did Lisa write to Miss Wang for? For advice. (2)Whats Lisas problem? She has trouble with her classmates.Some of them gossiped about her friendship with a boy.3.Whats your advice on Lisas problem? My advice is.Language Points1.I am having some trouble with my classmates at the mome

31、nt. 目前我和我的同学有矛盾。 Do you have any trouble with your new job? 你的新工作有麻烦吗？ I dont want to have any trouble with my family. 我不想和我的家人之间有任何麻烦。 have trouble with sth.意为在某方面有困难/麻烦，其中trouble为不可数名词，也可换为difficulty。 have trouble with.某人/某事使人伤脑筋、苦恼；跟(某人)闹别扭 have difficulty with sth.have trouble with sth.在方面有困难/麻烦

32、 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.在方面有问题/困难 have problems/a problem with sth.在方面有问题 He had no difficulty (in) working out the problem. 他没有费事就做出了那道题。 (1)Shes had a lot of trouble with her husband (跟丈夫闹意见). (2)Im sorry you are having trouble in making friends (在交友方面有麻烦). 2. Im getting along well

33、 with a boy in my class.我和我班的一个男生相处得很好。 The girl is difficult to get along with.这个女孩很难相处。 I can get along well with my classmates.我能和同学们融洽相处。 How are you getting along with your studies?你的功课学得怎样？ Very well.很好。 get along with意为与相处；某事进展得，其中along也可换为on，其后可用 well，nicely，badly等修饰语，表示同某人相处得好(不好)，某事进展得(不)顺

34、利。 (1)一切进展顺利吗？Is everything getting along/on well? (2)你的新书写得怎么样了？ How are you getting on with your new book? (3)我们班里的学生相处得都很融洽。The students in our class get along/on with each other.3. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love.他们说我和这个男生在谈恋爱。 They fell in love with each other three years ago.

35、三年前他们相爱了。 fall in love with sb.意为与相爱，其表瞬间的动作，即该动作非延续性，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 be in love with sb.爱上某人，表状态，动作可延续 The girl has been in love with Tom for three years.这女孩与Tom相爱三年了。 I know he in love with her，but I dont know they in love for eight years.A.falls；fall B.is；are C.falls；have been D.is；have fall

36、en答案C4. .to join in discussion and.加入到讨论中来并 He was too proud to join in our games. 他很高傲不和我们玩。 Can you join us in singing? 你愿意和我们一块唱歌吗？ join in意为参加，加入，join sb.in doing sth.意为和某人一起做某事。 join，join in，take part in，attend (1)join 指加入某一组织或团体，成为其中一员。 His brother joined the army a year ago.他哥哥一年前参军了。 (2)join

37、 in 表示“参加(某项活动)”，多指参加正在进行的活动，如竞赛、娱乐、谈话 等。join in 还可用在join sb.in sth.结构中，表示“加入某人一起干某事”。 He wants to join us in playing football.他想和我们一起踢足球。 (3)take part in 只指参加活动，尤指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加 该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。 (4)attend 通常用于参加会议、听课、听报告等。 用attend，join，join in，take part in的适当形式填空 (1)Would you join us in the g

38、ame? (2)I hope you will join in all our club activities. (3)All the students took part in the sports meeting last week. (4)Our children attend the same school.(5)He joined the tennis club. 检验真知目标回顾.重点单词1. exact adv.确切地exact adj. 2.outdoors adv.在户外indoors adv.(反义词)3.entirely adj.完全的entirely adv. 4.gr

39、ateful adj.感激的5.gossip vi.闲话 6.teenager n.十几岁的青少年 7.loose adj. 松的，松开的loosen v. 使变松 8.disagree v.不同意agree 同意9.German n.德国人Germany n.德国10.concern v.使担忧，牵挂concerned adj.牵挂的，关心的11.power n.力量,权力powerful adj.有力量的12.ignore v.忽视ignorance n.忽视；愚昧13.tip n.技巧；提示；尖 14.recover vt.& vi.恢复；重新获得 .重点短语1.suffer from遭

40、受之痛苦 2.at dusk在黄昏3.join in加入 4.the hidding place藏身之地5.in order to为了 6.on purpose故意7.with/for the purpose of 为了的目的 8.be concerned about 关心，牵挂9.get along with和相处，进展 10.fall/be in love with相爱，爱上11.go through经历 12.set down写下，记下13.facetoface面对面的 14.hold.in ones power 控制15.the curtains hanging before the

41、window 挂在窗户上的窗帘 16.be crazy about 对痴迷.重点句型1.While walking the dog，you were careless and.2.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.3.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky.could never have kept me spellbound.4.I happened to be upstairs at dusk.5.It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.6.Its no pleasure looking through these any longer.重点语法 直接引语和间接引语在相互转化时，人称、时态、指示代词、地点状语、时间状语和动词都会发生变化。但直接引语如果陈述的是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时时态不变。