普通物理实验技术与应用教学大纲.doc

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1、普通物理实验技术与应用教学大纲第一部分：使用说明一、课程编号：二、课程性质与特点：普通物理实验技术与应用是一门采用双语教学方式开展的选修课程。上课对象为二年级电信与电科专业本科生,涉及力、热、电、光重要基础理论和应用，以及与人类生活、医学、生物等实践密切相关的实验技术和方法。它不仅将深奥、抽象的理论形象直观化,而且使学生得到中英文双向的思维培养其显著的特点是：1、将基本概念和定律从实际问题中提出，进一步学习和巩固了普通物理学和基础理论，极大提高学生学习兴趣。2、理论联系实际，注重物理学在人类生活，医学、生物学等方面的应用，以及普通物理学中的一些重要和经典的实验技术与方法。3、双语教学形式及优秀

2、外文教材，引进了先进的国际间的教学思想和教学方法,与国内的传统教学相结合，必然会大大提高学生的双重能力。三、在专业教学计划中的地位和作用：本课是用英语语言来学习物理学理论和实验技术与应用的一门重要课程。目前，越来越激烈的国际间竞争，实际上是人才的竞争、教育的竞争。为加快培养具有国际竞争力的高水平人才，加快我国教育改革步伐，使我国高等教育尽快与国际接轨，为响应国家教育部倡导的双语教学所开展的这门课程，引进先进的国际间教学思想和方法加强学生的英语实际应用能力，充分发挥学生的创造力，这必将会起到重要的积极推动作用。四、教学目的：1、使学生从理论和实践的结合上进一步加深对基本概念和规律的理解，并了解这

3、些基本概念和规律在人类生产实际中的重要应用。2、使学生掌握物理实验的基本知识、实验技术及实验方法，提高分析问题、解决问题的能力，尤其是通过实践课及设计课来培养学生独立工作能力和创新能力。3、培养学生严肃、求是的科学研究态度并得到科学的研究方法、实验方法的训练。4、双语教学形式使学生提高专业理论、实验、专业英语的三重技能。五、学时与学分： 本课程总学时为32学时，2学分，每周4学时。六、教学方法： 教师主要用英文讲授教案内容，在每节理论课之后都安排一节实践课来巩固理论、学习实验技术，并让学生亲自操作并提交实验报告。七、考核方式：考查课程：平时考核与期末考试相结合平时考核：出勤与作业占40%；创造

4、性实验与回答问题占10%。期末考试：期末设计，成绩占50%。八、教材及主要参考书目：（一）教材Cicero Henry Bernare JONWILEYSONS.INC 1972（二）参考书目 Paul Peter Urone CHINA MACHINE PRESS 2002 10PART TWO CONTENTS OF TEACHING CHAPTER 1Topic : General rules for deal with experimental dataClass hours: 2Goals: To grasp the concepts of error in measurement

5、and significant figures. Be clear about applications in practice.Stress: General rules for deal with experimental dataDifficulty : Indirect measurement and propagation of errors.Key: To distinct the concepts of direct measurement value and indirect measurement value.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING. Prelim

6、inary for the experiments. . Errors and significant figures.A. Errors in measurementB. Types of experimental ErrorsC. Expressions of errorsD. Estimated errorsE. Significant figures. Computations with experimental dataCHAPTER 2Topic : Archimedes principle and its applications.Class hours: 2Goals: To

7、grasp the Archimedes principle and be aware of its applicationsStress : The concepts of buoyant force and densityDifficulty : Its applicationsKey : To practice and give examplesMAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING. The concepts of buoyant force and density.A. What is a fluid?B. Density. Archimedes principle an

8、d its applications.ADensity and Archimedes principleBMore Density measurementsCGlossaryCHAPTER 3Topic: Technology of cushion of airClass hours: 2 Goals: Be aware of technology of cushion of air and it applicationsStress: Technology of cushion of air and it applicationsDifficulty: Concept of a system

9、 Key : Master the basic theory.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING. Newtons second law of motion.A. Newtons second law of motion.B. Concept of a system C. Units of force. Techniques of cushion of airA. To introduce the technique of cushion of air and description of apparatus B. How to use this technique to ve

10、rify Newtons second law of motionCHAPTER 4Topic： Principle optical lever and its applications Class hours : 2 Goals: To have a good command of basic theory of the optical level. Be clear about its applicationsStress: Principle of the optical level.Difficulty : How to use the optical level.Key : Be a

11、ware of the theory of magnification and its structureMAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING. Youngs modulus.A. To analyze the force acting on the steel wire.B. Hookes law C. youngs modulus. Principle of optical lever and applications.A. The law of reflectionB. Structure of the optical leverC. The theory of magni

12、ficationCHAPTER 5Topic: Application of calorimeter and phase change and latent heat Class hours: 2Goals: To learn and master the phase changes, latent heat , latent heat coefficients.Stress: The concept of heat of vaporizationDifficulty : The reverse processes of vaporization and condensation.Key :

13、To make the distinction clear: Energy is needed to vaporize a liquid conversely , energy is released in the processes of condensation.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING . Phase change and lateen heat . Vaporization and condensation. Application of calorimeter.CHAPTER 6Topic: Laminar flow and Poiseuilles law,

14、 Reynolds numberClass hours: 2Goals: To help transmit the concepts of viscosity and laminar flow, and the analytical skills to apply them.Stress : The concepts of fluid, viscosity, and poiseuilles law Difficulty: Reynolds number and how to apply it Key : Give some example to help the students to und

15、erstand these concepts.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING. Fluid dynamics ,Flow rate and its relation to velocity. Viscosity and laminar flow. Laminar flow confined to tubesPoiseuilles law . Reynolds number NRCHAPTER 7Topic Introduction of electromagnetic wave , The electromagnetic spectrum andIntroduction m

16、icrowave ovenClass hours: 2Goals: To learn and grasp theory, include how to produce it. .Be aware of its applicationsStress : Electromagnetic spectrum and Applications.Difficulty: Theory of electromagnetic waves Key : To strengthen studying by consulting and discussing MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHING. Int

17、roduction of electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic spectrum. Microwaves and microwave ovenA. On which principle does a microwave oven work?B. ApplicationsC. The difference between microwave energy and other forms of ionizing radiationD. The historyE. Metal reflects microwaves, which is why meta

18、l pans dont work well in an oven. For the following reasons:F. Quality controlPRACTICE 1: EXPERIMENT: BUOYANCY OF LIQUIDS AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND DENSITYTo find the density of a solid heavier than wafer, of a solid lighter than water, and of a liquid other than waterClass hours: 3THE PURPOSE OF THI

19、S EXPERIMENTis to study the buoyancy of liquids and to apply it to methods for finding specific gravity and density of materials.APPARATUSOne small iron (or brass) cylinder, one larger aluminum cylinder, irregular solid such as granite, vernier calliper, hydrometer, hydrometer jar, specific gravity

20、bottle, overflow can. Laboratory balance, set of weights.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHINGA. Review the concepts studied in last class.B. IntroductionC. Description of apparatusD. Operating instructions.E. ProcedureF. Record and calculationG. QuestionsPRACTICE 2: (EXPERIMENT: YOUNGS MODULUS) Determination o

21、f youngs modulusClass hours: 3 APPARATUSYoungs modulus apparatusTelescope and scale, with support standMirror mounted on T-shaped base(optical lever)Desk lampSlotted weights(ten 1-kg weights)Micrometer calliperVernier caliperTwo meter stickTHE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPERIMENTis to study the deformation of

22、 solids and to determine the Youngs Modulus.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHINGA. Review the concepts studied in last class.B. IntroductionC. Description of apparatusD. Operating instructions.E. ProcedureF. Record and calculationG. QuestionsPRACTICE 3 : (EXPERIMENT: CHANGE OF PHASE HEAT OF VAPORIZATION ) Appl

23、ication of calorimeter and water trap, and measuring the heat of vaporization of water Class hours: 3APPARATUSCalorimeter (complete), one 1 to 51 thermometer, burner, extra can for water, towel, water trap, extra rubber hose. Supply of ice, steam generator and stand, laboratory balance, set of weigh

24、ts.THE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPERIMENTis to observe the amount of heat associated with a change of the phase of water by measuring the heat of vaporization.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHINGA. Review the concepts studied in last class.B. IntroductionC. Description of apparatusD. Operating instructions.E. Procedur

25、eF. Record and calculationG. QuestionsPRACTICE 4 ：( EXPERIMENT :UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION AND NEWTONS SECOND LAW OF MOTION)Using linear track to verify Newtons second law of motionClass hours: 3PPARATUSLinear air track, gliders, photogates, digital timer, weights, hanger, callipers, balance.THE P

26、URPOSE OF THIS EXPERIMENTis to study the nature of accelerated motion and to verify Newtons second law.MAIN CONTENTS OF TEACHINGA. Review the concepts studied in last class.B. IntroductionC. Description of apparatusD. Operating instructions.E. ProcedureF. Record and calculationG. QuestionsDESIGNING

27、AND STUDYINGClass hours : 6Goals: This is ideally suited to learning by investigation. To help transmit the concepts of physics and analytical skills to apply them general approach: construct their own problems. They can carry on the experiment by their own designing. And then complete their reports

28、 ( include theory, procedure, and result)Elective Topic: 1)To investigate the vibratory motion of a spiral spring and to determinate the efficiency mass of the spring 2) verify the conservation law of momentum.3) To defer mine the coefficient of viscosity of liquid EXPERIMENT : COLLISIONAPPARATUSA l

29、inear air track with gliders, a digital timer, photogates, balance.THE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPERIMENTis to study collision in one dimension and to verify the conservation law of momentum.EXPERIMENT : VIBRATORY MOTION AND EFFECTIVE MASS OF A SPRINGAPPARATUSLinear air track, gliders, photogates, digital t

30、imer, set of slotted masses with hanger (or set of hooked masses), two rulers, one 2 meter stick, steel spiral spring, brass spiral spring, unknown weight, graph paper, timer. Support rod, table clamp, right angle clamp, small rod, laboratory balance, Jolly balance.THE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPERIMENTis t

31、o investigate the vibratory motion of a spiral spring, and to determinate the effective mass of the spring.EXPERIMENT : VISCOSITY OF LIQUID THE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPERIMENT is to determine the coefficient of viscosity of water by capillary flow.APPARATUSAny suitable constant head device such as that illustrated in Fig. 112 . Length of capillary tubing of diameter less than 2 mm, beaker, measuring cylinder, stop watch, thermometer, traveling vernier microscope, a laboratory balance.