主谓一致就近原则演示教学.ppt

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1、定义：定义：谓语动词的数必须和主语的谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称人称(rnchng)和数保持一致和数保持一致,这就叫主谓一致这就叫主谓一致.第一页，共24页。分类(fn li)1.语法一致(yzh)：语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。2.意义一致(yzh)：主、谓语的一致(yzh)不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。3.就近原则：离谓语动词最近的名词决定第二页，共24页。语法一致语法一致(yzh)原则原则1.不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个从不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个从句做主语，谓语句做主语，谓语(wiy

2、)动词用单数。动词用单数。This information is very important.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.That he is important is true.第三页，共24页。由and 链接两个(lin)主语.由and 链接(lin ji)两个主语表达两个不同表达两个不同(b tn)概念时概念时,V复数复数表达表达一个一个概念时，概念时，V单数单数第四页，共24页。The worker and writer _ from Wuhan.那个那个(n ge)工人兼作家工人兼作家(be)The worker and the

3、 writer _ from Beijing.(be)那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家 Bread and butter _ a kind of daily food in the West.(be)Early to bed,early to rise_ a man healthy,wealthy and wise.(make)第五页，共24页。2)every and every each and each no and no,many a and many a连接两个单数名词连接两个单数名词(mng c)作主语作主语,谓语用单谓语用单数。数。Every desk and every ch

4、air is made of wood.Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake.第六页，共24页。and 链接两个完整的句子，谓语动词用复数(fsh)；连接两个省略的句子谓语动词用单数。What he said and what he did have nothing to do with me.What I do and say is my own business.第七页，共24页。3.N1+prep+N2 谓语动词由N1决定(judng)with,along with,together with,rather than,A

5、s well as,like/unlike（不像）,including,besides,except,but(除了之外),in addition to(除了)1.The teacher with his students _(be)playing basketball now.2.The teacher _(be)playing basketball with his students now.3.Tom rather than you _(be)hired as manager of the company.4.A library including 5000books _offered t

6、o the nation.第八页，共24页。4.不定代词做主语，谓语动词(dngc)用单数something,somebody,someone anything,anybody,anyoneeverything,everybody,everyone,thingsnothing,nobody,no one,neither,either Attention:none 作主语时，谓语动词(dngc)可单可复,有时需要参照表语None of them _workers._a worker.第九页，共24页。(2)All作主语(zhy)时，指人 V复 全体人员，所有的人 指物 V单 全部所有事物All

7、of my brothers like playing basketball.All I want is a room of my own.This is all I want.Translation：All are silent.All is silent 第十页，共24页。5.Many a,more than one+可数名词，可数名词，V单单e.g.More than one student was late for shool.Many a boy likes playing basketball.第十一页，共24页。6.this/a kind of,a type of,a sort

8、of,a pair of,a piece of +n.V单 two kinds of,two types of V复数(fsh)即以这些名词本身的单复数(fsh)而定。This kind of books sells well.This pair of trousers fits me well.Attention:Books(of this kind)sell well.第十二页，共24页。7.one of/the only one of 在定语从句中,需要先找出先行词。He is one of the students who _late for school.(be)他是迟到的学生当中(

9、dngzhng)的一个。（迟到的学生不止一个）He is the only one（of the students)who _late for school.(be)他是学生当中(dngzhng)唯一一个迟到的。（只有一个人迟到）第十三页，共24页。8.One or two+可数名词复数(fsh)V 复 One+可数名词单数+or+two V单e.g.Only one or two students go to university in that village.Only one student or two goes to university in that village.第十四页，共

10、24页。意义(yy)一致1.表示数量，金钱，距离,时间等复数(fsh)形式作主语时，看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数。2.Ten thousand years _ too long a time.第十五页，共24页。在四则运算(s z yn sun)当中，一般情况下：谓语动词都用单数Two and three are/is five.Two plus two is four.Ten minus five is five.Two times two is four.2x2=4Ten divided by five is two.第十六页，共24页。2.The+adj.属于一类人，属于一类人，V复复

11、The poor live a miserable life.The young are lively.3.有些学科名词虽然以有些学科名词虽然以 s结尾，但是结尾，但是(dnsh)单单数名词，数名词，V单单Maths,physics,politicsMaths is my favorite subject.第十七页，共24页。4.用作书名，报名，国家名，地区名的复数名词看做一个(y)整体，V单The United States is a developed country.5.all,both,part,half,rest，百分数等+of+n.谓语动词由n.的单复数决定Both of the

12、books are bought for you.The rest of the money is coming next week.第十八页，共24页。6.集合名词做主语集合名词做主语(zhy)，谓语动词分，谓语动词分两种情况两种情况若强调整体，若强调整体，V单；若强调个体成员，单；若强调个体成员，V复复注：注：family，group，class,team,government,army,club,publicOur class _ very big.(be)Our class _listening to their teacher attentively.(be)第十九页，共24页。7.

13、Police,people,cattle,trousers,clothes 做主语，做主语，V 复复The police are searching for the thief.8.A number of+n.V复复 大量大量(dling)的，很多的，很多The number of+n.V单单 的数的数目目第二十页，共24页。9.对于单复数同形的名词(mng c)，要先根据上下文来判断名词(mng c)的单复数，然后确定谓语动词的单复数。Deer sheep means series fish works(工厂)crossroads(十字路口)等等Every means _ been trie

14、d.All means _ been tried.第二十一页，共24页。10.plastics(塑料制品),manners,thanks（感谢）,goods（货物(huw)）,statistics（统计数字）,glasses（眼镜）,trousers（裤子）,shorts（短裤）,compasses(圆规)等，只用复数形式。11.Plastics _like metal.（not rust）12.Manners _important to happy relationship.(be)第二十二页，共24页。就近(jijn)原则定义：哪个名词离谓语动词最近(zujn)，谓语动词就和谁保持一致Or

15、,either or,neither nor,not only but also,not but(不是而是),Whether or(不论还是)_either you or I right?Not the teacher but the students are doing a survey in the school.第二十三页，共24页。2.there be 句型句型(j xn)There is a chair and two desks in the classroom.There are two desks and a chair in the classroom.第二十四页，共24页。