模块ⅣUnit语法.ppt
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1、菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)名词性从句名词性从句菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)一、名词性从句的连接词一、名词性从句的连接词 连接词及从句类型连接词及从句类型典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击连接词连接词that,whether,if;that在句中只起连接作在句中只起连接作用,不作成分,有用,不作成分,有时可省略;时可省略;whether和和if
2、不充当成分,不充当成分,意为意为“是否是否”。主语从主语从句句That he will come is certain.(that不可省略不可省略)Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter.(不能用不能用if)1.句首不能句首不能省略省略that。2.位于句首位于句首的主语从句的主语从句一般用一般用whether。宾语从宾语从句句I believe(that)they will finish the work in time.I went in and asked if/whether there was a letter for me.1.that可以
3、可以省略。省略。2.if与与whether可可互换。互换。3.作介词宾作介词宾语时一般用语时一般用whether。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)连接词及从句类型连接词及从句类型典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击连接词连接词that,whether,if;that在句中只起连接作在句中只起连接作用,不作成分,有用,不作成分,有时可省略;时可省略;whether和和if不充当成分,不充当成分,意为意为“是否是否”。表语从表语从句句The fact is that I have never been there.The question is wheth
4、er it is worth doing.1.that一般一般不省略。不省略。2.用用whether而不用而不用if。同位语同位语从句从句Everyone knows the fact that Fishing Island belongs to China.The question whether the railway is worth building has not been solved.1.that不能不能省略。省略。2.用用whether而不用而不用if。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)连接词及从句类型连接词及从句类型典句例示典句例示
5、用法点击用法点击连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what和连和连接副词接副词where,when,why,how有各自的意义,连有各自的意义,连接代词在从句中作接代词在从句中作主语、表语、宾语主语、表语、宾语或定语。连接副词或定语。连接副词在从句中作状语。在从句中作状语。主语从主语从句句What he said is very important to us.Which side will win is not clear.Why he came late today has been clear now.1.用陈述语用陈述语序。序。2.what从句从句相当于相当于“
6、先先行词行词that引导的定语引导的定语从句从句”。宾语从宾语从句句Pay attention to what the teacher says in class.I dont know where we are going to have the meeting.介词后的宾介词后的宾语从句用语从句用what而不用而不用which引导引导菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)连接词及从句类型连接词及从句类型典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what和连和连接副词接副词where,when,why,h
7、ow有各自的意义,连有各自的意义,连接代词在从句中作接代词在从句中作主语、表语、宾语主语、表语、宾语或定语。连接副词或定语。连接副词在从句中作状语。在从句中作状语。表语从句表语从句That is what weve been expecting.That is where he used to work.用陈述语序。用陈述语序。同位语从同位语从句句I have no idea who has stolen the money.I have no idea how he will raise so much money.The news came that we would have three
8、 days off.1.必须用陈必须用陈述语序。述语序。2.同位语从同位语从句的连接词句的连接词不能省略。不能省略。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)二、名词性从句注意事项二、名词性从句注意事项从句从句典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击主语从句主语从句It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money than before.Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.It is said that the profe
9、ssor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.It happened to me that I had been away when he called.用用it作形式主语的常用句型作形式主语的常用句型有:有:1.It系动词形容词系动词形容词(necessary/right/right/likely/unlikely/unlikely/wrong/important/important/certain等等)that从句。从句。2.Itbe名词名词(短语短语)(a pity/a shame/a shame/no wonder等
10、等)that从句。从句。3.Itbe过去分词过去分词(said/told/told/reported/decided等等)that从句。从句。4.It特殊动词特殊动词(seem,appear,happen,matter)that从句。从句。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)从句从句典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击主语从句主语从句It is necessary and important that one(should)master the skill of operating computers.It was suggested that they(
11、should)start at once.在在It is necessary/important/important/suggested/advised/advised/ordered that从句结构中,从句结构中,从句用从句用“(should)动动词原形词原形”。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)从句从句典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击宾语从宾语从句句I dont think you are right.I dont suppose he cares,does he?主句的主语是第一人称单数,主句的主语是第一人称单数,谓语为谓语为think,be
12、lieve,suppose,expect等动词引导等动词引导宾语从句时,有时谓语尽管宾语从句时,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将式,而将think等动词变为否等动词变为否定形式,这一现象称为否定定形式,这一现象称为否定前移。前移。I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.有些动词带宾语从句时习惯有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加上需要在宾语从句前加it,这类动词有:这类动词有:hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,appreciate,see to(负责负责)等
13、。等。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)从句从句典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击宾语从句宾语从句Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose.You may depend on it that I shall always help you.一般情况下介词后只能用一般情况下介词后只能用wh一类连接词引导宾语从一类连接词引导宾语从句,但句,但except,in,but等也等也可跟可跟that引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。其他介词后面需要用其他介词后
14、面需要用that从从句作宾语时,必须用句作宾语时,必须用it作形作形式宾语。式宾语。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.动词动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等等后有宾语补足语时,需要用后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语而将作形式宾语而将that宾语宾语从句后置。从句后置。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)从句从句典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击宾语宾语从句从句The teacher suggested t
15、hat we(should)call off the plan.在在demand/desire/desire/insist/order/order/propose/recommend/recommend/require/suggest等表示决定、要求、等表示决定、要求、愿望、命令、建议等动词后,愿望、命令、建议等动词后,that从句中常用从句中常用“(should)动词原形动词原形”。I dont doubt that he will pass the exam.在由在由doubt,doubtful引导的引导的宾语从句中,如果主句是肯宾语从句中,如果主句是肯定句,宾语从句的连接词用定句,宾语从
16、句的连接词用whether/if,在否定句或疑问,在否定句或疑问句中,宾语从句的连接词用句中,宾语从句的连接词用that。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)从句从句典句例示典句例示用法点击用法点击表语从句表语从句和同位语和同位语从句从句His suggestion is that we(should)change our course.主句的主语是主句的主语是idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等名等名词时,表语从句的谓语用词时,表语从句的谓语用“(should)动词原形动词原形”形形式。式
17、。His suggestion that we(should)hold another meeting to discuss the problem was adopted.在在order,suggestion,advice等名词后的同位语从等名词后的同位语从句中,谓语动词要用句中,谓语动词要用“(should)动词原形动词原形”形形式。式。The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk.主语为名词主语为名词reason时,表语时,表语从句中的连接词用从句中的连接词用tha
18、t。菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)【温馨提示温馨提示】1.连接词连接词whether,if的区别:的区别:(1)if引引导导名名词词性性从从句句时时,只只能能引引导导宾宾语语从从句句或或不不在在句句首首的的主主语语从句。从句。(2)whether可以作介词宾语,而可以作介词宾语,而if则不能。则不能。(3)whether后可以接不定式,而后可以接不定式,而if则不能。则不能。(4)whether后可以直接跟后可以直接跟or not,构成,构成whether or not,if则不能。则不能。It is not decided whether/if
19、 Ill go abroad.He didnt know whether to get married this year.I dont care whether(if)you come or not.I dont care whether or not you come.菜菜 单单高考新课标大一轮总复习英语高考新课标大一轮总复习英语(译林版译林版)2同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别 从句从句 作用作用引导词引导词that先行词先行词同位语同位语从句从句解释、解释、说明说明只起引导作用,不作成只起引导作用,不作成分,不可省略分,不可省略抽象名抽象名词词定语从定语从句句修饰、
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