2022年高考英语语法大全.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思20XX 年高考语法大全 虚拟语气在各种从句的应用主语从句的虚拟 1. It is + adj. + that sb. should do 常见的形容词有： necessary, important, strange, natural Its important that he take my advice.2. It is + n. + that sb. should do 常见的名词有： a pity, a shame, no wonder, ones wish Its a pity that he b

2、e so silly.3. It is + done + that sb. should do 常见的过去分词有： suggested, advised, demanded, requested, required, asked, ordered, proposed, decided, desired, insisted 等；Its requested that she go home as soon as possible.宾语从句的虚拟 1. 表命令, 表建议,表要求的动词, 后接宾语从句虚拟； 虚拟的构成为 should do ；I advise that he stay at home

3、.2. wish 后接从句,虚拟的构成是往过去推一个时态；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思I wish I had watched the football match last night.留意以下几组词或短语用于虚拟语气中；1. as if, as though He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.2. otherwise, but, even though He was ill. Otherwise he w

4、ould have been there.3. with, without, but for Without your help, I would have died two years ago.But for your help, I would have died two years ago.4. would rather Id rather you told me yourself.5. Its time that Its time that you went to bed.Its time that you should go to bed.表语从句中的虚拟名师归纳总结 - - - -

5、 - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思在表语从句中,表示间接的命令,要求、恳求、建议、打算等,主句中的主语通 常是 suggestion,proposal, request, orders, idea等；从句谓语形式是 should+动词原形 ；如：His suggestion is that we should leave at once.名词从句部分：1. that 不行省略的情形2.that 引导同位语从句和that 引导定语从句的区分： 同位语从句中的 that 是连词,不做成分,只连接主从句,不能省

6、略 ;定语从句中的 that 要代替先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或者表语,并且做宾语时可以省略；从语义上看,同位语从句是对前面名词的说明、说明或内容;而定语从句时对前面名词的限定；We should consider the studentsrequest that theschool library provide more books on popular science. that 引导同位语从句 The only hope that he expressed was that they would do what they could to help the people in disa

7、ster areas. that 引导定语从句 3. 要依据句子结构特别是谓语动词判定从句的类型：What is known to us all is that the 2022 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.名师归纳总结 本句含有一个主语从句和一个表语从句,主句的动词为is；第 3 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思It is known to us all that the 2022 Olympic Games took place in Beijing

8、.本句含有一个主语从句,主句的动词为is known to；As is known to us all, the 2022 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.本句含有一个定语从句, 主句的动词为 took place 4. 名词性从句的语序和语态；,as 引导非限制性定语从句；名词性从句均应用陈述语序, 不能用疑问语序, 其时态应当和主句时态保持一样；5. 名词性从句中连词的省略；介词后的连词以及引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不行省略；that 引导名词从句 除了引导第一个宾语从句可省略外都不行省略,但是引导定语从句并在从句中做宾语时可以省略 .奇速英语暑

9、假网络互动直播课程已经来不及的不是时开 班啦,而是行动,心动就立刻行动,当你仍在徘徊的时候,先报名的童鞋已经甩 你很远了；that 不能省略的情形：1介词后面的 that 不能省略：Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.2当 that 引导的宾语从句位于句首时：That he ever did such a thing I dontbelieve.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思3主句谓语动词

10、和 that 从句之间有插入语, that 不省略：She said that, if she failed, she would try again.4当宾语从句有其他从属连词时,that 不省略：He told me that if it was necessary they would work extra time.6.名词性从句中 it 的使用：为了保持句子平稳,多数情形下,语从句后置；定语从句it 作形式主语或形式宾语,将真正的主语或宾关系代词有 who, whom, whose, which, that, as, 和关系副词 when, where, why ；1that 指物时

11、一般可与 which 互换,但在以下情形下,要用 that 而不用 which ；a. 先行词有 all, everything 等不定代词时,如,Everything that he did is wrong.b. 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时,如,Ill read all the books that you lend me.c. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,This is the first letter that the boy has written.d. 先行词被 the only, the very,

12、the same, the名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思last 修饰时,如 He is the very man that Im looking for.e. 只用 which 的情形 在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中 This is the book about which we have talked a lot.The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.f. where 和 when 作关系副词

13、 This is the room where I worked.This is the room which I stayed in.I remembered the day when we lived there. I remembered the day that I spent there.g. as 和 which which 不行以 as 可以放于句首,而 As you know, he is good at English.three of them 和 three of which I have a lot of books, three of which are in Rus

14、sian.I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.2. “ 介词 + 关系代词” 的情形：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思在固定短语中介词不能提前;判定介词的口诀：瞻前顾后看意义瞻前看先行词 ;顾后找从句动词 ;看意义看全句表达含义3. 先行词在从句中充当地点状语时,关系词用 where或者介词加 which; 先行词在从句中充当时间状语时,关系词用 when 或者介词加 which; 先行词在从句中充当缘

15、由状语时,关系词用 why 或者 forwhich ；4. 留意 as 和 which 在非限制性定语从句中代表主句所表达的内容的区分：位置不同： as 从句放在主句前或后均可 作用不同： as 从句动词经常是 see;而 which 从句只能放在主句后know 等,因而相当于插入语 ;which 从句就在陈述一件事实；状语从句部分1.while是高考中的高频词, 它既可引导时间状语从句, 又可引导并列句, 仍可引导让步状语从句,表示“ 尽管” ；2. no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区分： no matter wh-只引导让步状语从句,此时与 wh-ever 通用；

16、wh-ever 又可引导名词性从句,No matter wh-不能；No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should beinvited to the party.3. 在条件,时间和让步从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时,名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思用一般过去时表过去将来时； 在 since 引导的时间状语从句中, 动词一般都用一般过去时, 而主句常用现在完成时； 奇速英语暑假网络互动直播课程

17、已经来不及的不是时开班啦,而是行动,心动就立刻行动,当你仍在徘徊的时候,先报名的童鞋已经甩你很远了；4. 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情形：/ though 引导的让步状语从句；5. 连词 before 小结：否定词开头 ;so 加 adj. 开头 ;asWe had sailed four days before we saw land. 才 We hadn t run a mile before he felt tired.不到 就 Please write it down before you forget it.趁 Before I could get in a word, he ha

18、d measured me.仍没来得及 It will be/wasbefore 要过多久才 6. because, since, as 引导缘由从句的区分： because 表达直接缘由,语气最强,回答 why; ; since 通常放句首,译为“ 既然”;as 引导不谈自明的缘由,语气最弱 7. as 可以引导多种从句,要留意其中的区分；名师归纳总结 8. till, until和 not until 的区分 ;if 和 unless 的区分；第 8 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思非谓语动词

19、部分动词不定式几点留意；1.以下动词或动词短语后接不定式：wish, hope, pay,agree, seem, appear, offer, happen,expect, long, plan, intend, promise, pretend, decide, afford, manage, choose, be said to, would like to 等；2. 不定式常用的句型： too to do 太 而不能, enough to do 够 就能 , so as to do/in order to do do/such as to do 如 此 结果 ；为了 ,soas to3

20、. 不定式的三个结构：即否定结构、复合结构和疑问结构；否定结构为“not never to do” ;疑问结构是特别疑问词“how what, which,who, whether to do ” ;复合结构是“ for/ of + 名词 或代词宾格 + to do ” ；4. let/ make/ have/ see/ hear/ notice/ observe/ listento/ look at/ watch/feel这些动词带不定式作宾补时,省掉 to ；to, 如这些动词以被动形式显现时,应加上5. 当前面是 the first, the second, the last, need

21、, plan, time, chance, right,determination,名师归纳总结 ability, opportunity机会,way 时,一般用不定式作定语；第 9 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思6. but/ except + to do/ do 结构,要依据谓语动词来确定其后面的形式；当谓语动词是 do, does, did 时, but 后用动词原形 ;谓语动词是其他动词时, but 后用“to + 动词原形” 的形式；两个外 ；7. 形容词后一般用不定式 除 busy,

22、 worth You are sure to succeed. 你肯定能胜利；He is busy preparing his lessons at present.他现在正忙于预习功课；8. 不定式作定语和表语时,有时需要在后面放上一个适当的介词；This is a bench to sit on. 这是用来坐的凳子； This room is comfortable to live in.这个房间住起来很舒服； 9.在“ 主语 + 系动词 +adj.+ 不定式” 这个句型中,当主语是不定式的规律宾语时,不定式不用被动,不能在动词后再放宾语；The question is easy to answer.是 answer 的宾语,不能说：The question is easy to be answered. question 也不能说： The question is easy to answer it .名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 10 页