03++2023高考英语一轮复习全国乙卷真题长难句精析一点通+重点词汇+变式拔高练+真题巩固练.docx

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1、专题03全国乙卷长难句真题精析一点通+重点词汇+变式拔高练+真题1. （2022 全国乙卷）It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.【分析】It is believed that是主谓宾句子结构。That引导真正的主语从句，It充当形 式主语，putting them at a higher risk of the disease是

2、现在分词短语充当结果状语。【句意】大家都认为，如今的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是推荐量的三倍，这使得他们 患糖尿病的风险更高。【词汇】consume vt.消费；吃；消耗（燃料，能量，时间等）；充满 关联词：consumer消费者；顾客Consumption n.消费；消耗；肺痛（高考复现 2020 新课标 I 卷）Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source- such as

3、the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway- a lot of energy is lost during transmission.在美国，照明约占总耗电量的7%o由于照明通常远离电源-例如从发电厂到 偏远公路上的路灯-因此大量的能源在传输过程中会损失掉。（1） recommend vt.建议，劝告；推荐，介绍；使显得吸引人关联词：recommendation n.正式建议，提议；推荐；介绍 Recommendation letter 推荐信2. （ 2022 全国乙卷）In Wickendens b

4、ook, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead.【分析】 木句为and连接的并列句。主句为she expanded on the history。介词of短语充 当后置定语，修饰history。on feminism前面省略she expanded。关系代词which引导定语 从句，在从句中作主语，代指主句的内容。【句意】在威肯登的书中，她扩展了西方的历史和女权主义，这当然影响了女孩们

5、去埃尔 克海德的决定。1. 【分析】 主干局部：Race walking shares benefits with running 时间状语从句：while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.【翻译】研究显示，竞走与跑步有许多健身好处，而且很可能减少受伤。2. 分析主干局部：The longest track and field event is the 50-kilometer race walk 非限制性定语从句： which is about five miles longer than the marathon.修饰 race wal

6、ko【翻译】夏季奥运会最长的田径工程是50公里竞走，比马拉松长约5英里。3. 分析】 主干局部：the sports rules require that 宾语从句：that a race walkers knees staystraight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact（接触）with the ground at all times.两个宾语从句由 and 连接that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swingth

7、at one foot remain in contact（接触）with the ground at all times.【翻译】但这项运动的规那么要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大局部时间保持笔直，一只 脚始终与地面接触（触）。4. 【分析】 主干局部：this strange form makes race walking an attractive activity 强调句：Its this strange form that强调主语。【翻译】然而，马萨诸塞州塞勒姆市塞勒姆州立大学运动科学助理教授jaclynnorberg 说，正是这种奇怪的形式使竞走成为一种吸引人的活动。5. 分析） 主干

8、局部：race walkers moving a ta pace of six miles per hour would burn about800 calories（卡路里）per hour 分词短语做主语：race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour 非限制性定语从句:which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,修饰 calories 让步状语从句：although fewer than running, which would probably b

9、urn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.非限制性定语从句：which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour,修饰 runningo【翻译】根据大多数计算，竞走运发动以每小时6英里的速度运动，每小时将燃烧 800卡路里，这大约是他们步行所消耗热量的两倍，虽然比跑步要少，但每小时可能燃烧约 1000卡路里或更多。6. 【分析】 主干局部：runners hit the ground while race walkers create about 1.4 timeso While

10、连接两个句子，表示比照。介词短语做状语：with as much as four times their body weight per step 定语从句： who do not leave the ground 修饰 race walkers o【翻译】根据她的研究，跑步者每一步落地的重量是他们体重的四倍，而不离开地 面的竞走者每走一步产生的重量只有他们体重的1.4倍。7. 分析 主干局部：the sports strange form place stress on the ankles and hips 强调句：the sports strange form does place .d

11、oes 强调谓语动词 place 结果状语从句：so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.介词短语做定语： with a history of such injurieso【翻译】但这项运动奇特的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，因此有过 此类损伤史的人在接受这项运动时可能需要谨慎。8. 【分析】 主干局部：anyone should consult a coach or experienced racer 分词作定语： wishing to try

12、race walking 目 的状语：to learn proper techniqueo【翻译】她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该先咨询教练或有经验的运发动， 学习正确的技术。9. 【分析】 本句的主干是 I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed homeo谓语动词gave和headed由and连接，构成并列谓语；动词不定式to see.might bring 做目的状语，表示“为了”；what引导的宾语从句what news the night might bring做see 的宾语。【翻译】我尽可能多地给房

13、主提供信息,然后返回家看看那晚可能会有什么样的消息。10. 【分析】 本句的主干是Sarah wants to prove that,其中that引导宾语从句，做prove 的宾语。在这句话中who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Sarah； along with表示“与 *起”； as well as连接brain和beauty,构成并列结构。【翻译】萨拉和顶级模特一起参加了走秀，想要证明自己美貌与智慧并存。11. 【分析】这位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，高兴地看着电视上播放的任何节目。【翻译】 本句的主干是 The old man sat in front of the television o

14、happy to watch anything that happened to be on做伴随状语，表示伴随主语动作的状态，其中that引导定语从 句，修饰先行词anythingo【分析】本句的主干是 artists are invited to design and produce works of artSo are invited to使用了一般现在时的被动语态；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰works of art from the ice； many of which在定语从句中做主语，谓语局部can be found使用了情态动词的被动语O【翻译】每年，世界著名的艺术家都

15、会受邀用冰块设计和制作艺术作品，其中很多作 品都可以在房间里找到。12. 【分析】本句的主干是Forty-two percent of people admitted o过去分词asked做后置定 语修饰people； admitted后面是省略了 that的宾语从句；to read the end是不定式做目的状语; before引导时间状语，句中before是介词，所以后面使用了动名词形式的finishing the storyo【翻译】42%的被调查者成认他们在读完故事之前，先翻到书的后面读了结尾。13. 【分析】 木句的主干是The set worked so beautifully。

16、when在句中引导时间状语从 句；句中使用了 “so +形容词或副词+ that从句”句型，表示“如此以致于”，引导结 果状语从句；until引导时间状语从句。【翻译】当我第一次把这台电视机带回家的时候，它运行十分流畅，以致于我一直开着它，直到晚上电视台结束播放电视节目。14. 【分析】本句的主干是can the patients be treated properly。“only+状语”放在句首时, 句子耍局部倒装，by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent是方式状语；can是谓语中 的情态动词，因倒装前置，正常语序应该是the pat

17、ients can be treated properly in this hospital 【翻译】只有将医生的人数增加50%,才能使病人们在这家医院得到充分的治疗。【词汇】expand v.扩大；开展；详细说明(1) influence v.影响；支配n.有影响力的人或事物；势力；影响(2) decision n.决定v. decide决定；断定，判断(高考复现 2021 新课标 II 卷)If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.如果你决定需要阅读整

18、本书，决定一下你一次能读多少内容。3. ( 2022 全国乙卷)A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organized groups with teachers.【分析】 本文为主系表结构的简单句。主语是A special low entrance charge of 2 per person; 两个介宾短语 up to and including

19、those at first degree level,in organized groups with teachers作为后置定语修饰名词education。【句意】所有接受全日制教育的学生，包括那些有老师的有组织的有第一学位的学生， 都可以使用特别的低的每人2英镑的入场费。【词汇】available adj.可利用的，可得到的；有空的There are eight spaces available for the taster session. 试听课有八个名额。(高考复现 2021 天津卷)When he went bike shopping, he found few availab

20、le, which got him thinking: What if the lack of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person whod taken his bike really needed transportation to get to work?当他去买自行车时，他发现儿乎没有自行车，这让他开始思考：如果缺少自行车与新冠肺炎 有关，而且如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？(1) organize v.组织n. organization 组织关联词：well-organized充分利用，井井有条的( 2022

21、 全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas一both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.【分析】 本句是主从复合句。主句 It is dif

22、ferent from traditional tourism。 Because 引导原因状语从句。Both.and固定短语，连接并列状语in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and 之后省略 in terms of。Provides 之前的 and 为 并列连词，原因状语从句中使用并列句。【句意】这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境 还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，有利于当地的开展。【词汇】is different from 和不同(1) in terms of根

23、据；用的话；就而言；以为单位conservation n.保护；节约(高考复现卷 2021 新高考 I 卷)Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.难怪联邦鸭票被称为有史以来最成功的自然保护计划之一。4. ( 2022 全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying todays “eyes in the sky” technology t

24、o make sure that millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.【分析】 本句为主从复合句。主句为 That is the very likely future of applying today? s eyes in the sky technology to make sure，其中动词不定式做后置定语修饰technology, that引导宾 语从句作make sure的宾语。【句意】这就是应用今天的“天眼”技术，

25、它确保全球数百万公里的铁轨和基础设施对火车 来说7x24小时都是平安的。【词汇】likely adj.可能的；有倾向的；合适的关联词：be likely to do有可能做某事(高考复现 2021 全国甲卷)A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender are really, really smart”.科学最近发表的一项研究发现，在6岁时、女孩说自己性别的成员“非常

26、、非常 聪明”的可能性比男孩小。(1) on a 24/7 basis全天候工作；一直不休地( 2022 全国乙卷)It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff often at night to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.【分析】 本句为主从复合句。主句为固定句型It is calculated t

27、hat其中，It为形式主语， that从句为真正的主语。主语从句使用固定句型sb spends-钱数-on sth。【句意】据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派造维护人员，经 常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。【词汇】calculate v.计算；估算；估计；预料5. (2022 全国乙卷)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches

28、, before they can cause any safety problems.【分析】 本句为主从复合句。主句是 drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches 为非谓语短语作状语。连词 before 引导时间状 语从句。【句意】 通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在 造成任何平安问题之前，检测铁路或开关的故障。【词汇】provide v.提供关联词：provide sth. for

29、sb.为某人提供某物 provide sb. with sth,为某人提供某物(高考复现 2021 天津卷)We provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were once homeless.我们为曾经无家可归的人的新家提供全套家具，如捐赠的厨房设备和家具用 品。(1) faultn.故障；责任；缺点,瑕疵关联词：find fault with sb.找某人的毛病(2) safetyn.平安关联词：safe adj.

30、平安点； safely adv.平安地 safety belt 平安带6. (2022 全国乙卷)It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying the tax.【分析】主句为It cones。after连词引导时间状语从句，sold in shops是非谓语短语作后 置定语修饰soft drinks, have sth done表示让被做。【句意】它发生在店里超过半数的

31、软饮料都已经被制造商降低了含糖量之后，以致于他们 能够避开交税。二语法填空变式拔高练It(believe) that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,(put) them at a higher risk of the disease.1. In Wickenden*s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, of course influenced the

32、girls decision to go to Elkhead.2. A special low(enter) charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organized groupswith teachers.3. is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become (educate) abo

33、ut the areasboth in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for (conserve) and benefits the development of the local areas.4. That is the very likely future of applying todays eyes in the sky“ technology (make) sure that millions of kilometers of rail

34、tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on 24/7 basis.5. It(calculate) that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff often at night(inspect) and repair the rail infrastructure.6. By(use) the latest technol

35、ogies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,(detect) faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.7. It comes after more than half of soft drinks(sell) in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying

36、the tax.答案：1. is believed, putting2. which 3. entrance 4. It , educated, conservation 5.to make, a8. sold6. is calculated , to inspect 7. using, detecting真题巩固练1. Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.分析：2. The longest

37、 track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon.分析：3. But the sporfs rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact（接触）with the ground at all times.分析：翻

38、译Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says JaclynNorberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State Universityin Salem, Mass.分析：翻译According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 ca

39、lories（卡路里）per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.4. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race wa

40、lkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.5. But the sporfs strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.6. In fact, anyone wishing

41、to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says.9.1 gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.分Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that s

42、he has brains as well as beauty.分The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy to watch anything that happened to be on.10. Each year, world-famous artists are invited to design and produce works of art from the ice, many of which can be found in the rooms.11. Forty-two percent of

43、people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story.分析：翻译The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night.分析：翻译Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital.分析：翻译