2022年上海城建职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年上海城建职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the gr

2、eat influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this pa

3、ragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第2题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept

4、 safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insure【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到this会使呼吸更加 困难，this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第18题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C.

5、 评估、评价；D.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第19题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help peopl

6、e who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第20题【单项选择题】10【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from

7、 children in school: , For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about

8、 satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite of

9、ten do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第21题【单项选择题】The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、responseC、settlementD、soluti

10、on【正确答案】B【答案解析】题目意思：书市受到读者的积极的反响。此题是词义选择题。A结 果，效果B反响，回答C解决，协议D解决，解答第22题【单项选择题】finished before2009.04 I/ve got the order from the boss that the work 5 p.m. today.A、would be11B、beC will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：我已经从老板那得到指令，这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前 要完成。试题分析：此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。回详细解答：that引导同 位语从句，说明order的内容。

11、同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动 词原形的形式，should可以省略。第23题【单项选择题】阅读选择Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage

12、, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because.A、 humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最

13、后一句话中找出。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a bod

14、y produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the12 sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter becauseA、 it is too sma

15、ll to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、 its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feelpacket of butter,找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational p

16、ull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是 B。C 项错在 disappearo第25题【单项选择题】Imports will be allowed in proportion exports.A、toB、forC、outD、of【正确答案】A【答案解析】in proportion to：按的比例，与成正比。第26题【单项选择题】【概括大意】 It is often thought

17、that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still o代en found in modern stories.The main idea of this parag

18、raph is.A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、The Theme of Science Fiction13D、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确答案】B【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo第27题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls

19、over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse.Q: When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo题中说鼠标脏了，就得换用新的。这一说法与原文不符。 原文说的是鼠标脏了，可以擦干净再用。it has to be replaced with a new one与 you have to clea

20、n your mouse 不符。所以选 B。第28题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠第29题【单项选择题】142007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、al

21、iveB lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第30题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。

22、keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第31题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing. I found writing for that site was not my cup of tea. However; my experience there was positive as I was rewarded with even more learning opportunities just by dipping my t

23、oes into the water. Through Associated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging. I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer. What is the author/s purpose of using the site Associated Content?A、 To write for the site Yahoo!

24、Contributor Network.15B、To know more about other writers.C To have one of his articles published.D、 To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer 确定 D 答案。A 选项 是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除

25、；B选项不是作者的 目的；C选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第32题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a w

26、eek, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom； says the teacher who developed this program, They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no

27、 wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group/ make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroo

28、m.A、to find out kids creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为Dq句中的aid

29、意为帮助,与help同义。16第33题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、F

30、alseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。文章说到:Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第34题【单项选择题】阅读选择It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is oft

31、en the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time i

32、s spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.ln the last sentence of the paragraph, another means.A、another routineB、another shiftC、another weekD、another person【正确答案】A【答案解析】another （另一个）之后省略了 routine 一词。17第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of

33、us, but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving （感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future

34、is decided mainly by.A、a superior force like GodB、our way of being, such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD、others choice and responsibility【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有 超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being可知，作者

35、认为影响我们未来的最主要的因 素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第36题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第37题【单项选择题】182009.04 Ive got the order from the boss

36、that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing

37、 up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚彳发的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow,

38、but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. Wha

39、t does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、 A period of time.D A place.【正确答案】D答案解析答案选D。查找细节题o短文本段中明显一句话提到，The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。19D、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第3题【单项选择题】阅读选择Rhythm

40、in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the respons

41、es of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. W

42、e live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm.。作者讲：随着孩

43、子的年龄逐渐增大, 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响, 更可能受到抑制。第4题【单项选择题】I should have preferred him to it in a different way.第39题【单项选择题】A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours w川 eight days to readjust his palm sweat.A、 spendB、takeC、costD、pay【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题需要填入一个表示花时间”而又能与动词不定式连用的动词。 spend 常用于 spen

44、d.doing sth.的句型中。cost 一般用于 it cost sb. .to do sth.的 句型中，主语不能是人。pay表示花钱的意思。只有take可用于sb. take.to do sth.的句型中。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest pe

45、r capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest pe

46、r capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句“错误”。20第41题【单项选择题】There was plenty of time. She.A、mustnt have hurriedB neednt have hurriedC、must not hurriedD、couldnt have hurried【正确答案】B【答案解析】needn，t+不

47、定式的完成式表示做了不必要做的事，意为“本可不 必.。第42题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of t

48、he problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar