2022年兰州大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年兰州大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2008.04）That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to表示：与无关。第2题【单项选择题】The Roman goddess Venus is identified the Greek goddess Aphrodite.A、withB、byC、forD、to【正确答案】A【答案解析】b

2、e identified with：和有联系，被视为与等同。第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributes第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate one/s biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义

3、区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第22题【单项选择题】They are eager abroad.A、travelB、travelledC、to travelD travelling【正确答案】c【答案解析】be eager to do sth：渴望做某事。句意：他们盼望出国旅行。第23题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A、go toB、got toC、went toD、get to【正确答案】D10【答案解析】

4、译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）aft

5、er Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）a

6、fter Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错误。第25题【单项选择题】2008.10 ICountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活

7、，因为它空气新11 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第26题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, C

8、harlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A

9、、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第27题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位

10、。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。12第28题【单项选择题】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额，销路。符合句意。第29题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman

11、 has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第30题【单项选择题】【2009.01 What he told us was more of a(n)than a reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC illustrationD、reputation13【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。考

12、查名词词义。A幻 想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声，名誉。第31题【单项选择题】2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第32题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【

13、答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第33题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.14A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C. 评估、评价；D.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现

14、一个很强的动机 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第34题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing t

15、he sexist （性另ll歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线

16、索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、True15B、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一

17、个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区）”，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself., This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.A、If you are feeling down, you normally do

18、nt sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures.C、 Body language differs from culture to culture.D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到this”会使呼吸更加 困难，this显然指

19、的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodi

20、c table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions16 react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第38题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】But eve

21、n if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the

22、passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt SP take salt out。第39题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB

23、、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟；17C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第40题【单项选择题】for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.A、Had it not beenB、It were notC、Werent itD、Had not it been【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：要不是你懒惰，到现在你就能完成任务了。此题是一个省

24、略 if的虚拟条件句，主句用could have done表示与过去事实相反，条件从句应用 had done形式，had要提前构成倒装。第41题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern

25、once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy metalsB、industrially polluted soilsC naturally polluted soilsD、rock and soil chem

26、istry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第42题【单项选择题】182010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A、separationB、cooperationC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第43题【单项选择题】【

27、填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents ar

28、e not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第

29、44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Th

30、ose people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend19D、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第4题【单项选择题】the staff to work hard.2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed toA、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确

31、答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第5题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not （往往）,on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more

32、 than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers （老前辈， 老人）,especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of

33、this paragraph is.A、 Hong Kong is worthy of its reputation as a business center of the world.B、 It is uneasy to be offered smiles and services.C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the God ! ”D、 Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正确答案】c

34、【答案解析】本段强调的是这里顾客是上帝的这种理念和气氛。因此选择C。 leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people.A、who are very busy everydayB、who are sick in bedC、who are aged and in good healthD、who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可采用排除法，第三句话(It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the

35、aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.),可以看出这三 类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选A。第45题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small v川age beside the River Wensum.Q: The River W

36、ensum flows by Norwich.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一 个小村庄，就说明了 River Wensum流经Norwich0第46题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of th

37、e young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted t

38、o a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to20 the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an

39、 enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第47题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent

40、 of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within

41、 school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successfu

42、l he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法

43、结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。21第48题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）, Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone

44、 would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an imp

45、ortant role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.B、 In the thirteen century A.D.C、In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D【答案国军析】 本段中 Tw

46、o thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第49题【单项选择题】阅读选择The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the v川ages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief wh

47、o controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it Catch a Cow/ In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farm22C、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍 chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土 地。第50题【单项选择题】