2022年中国计量大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年中国计量大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠第2题【单项选择题】2008.10 Country life is better than city life it of

2、fers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forDa in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。C、 Theyre like a long necklace that st

3、retches between North and South America. D、 But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是They,该词指The Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第20题【单项选择题】填句补文 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the

4、 microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to

5、30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、what10D、which【正确答案】D【答案解

6、析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Giv

7、en【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo题中说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电, 与文中表达的内容不符。文中说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡局部地区，电力 中断,几千名居民无电可用。the whole England 与 parts of southeast England 是 不符的，所以选B。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing,

8、and mathematics. That is at least as important as how much we know.A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.B、He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.

9、C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.D、 In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other11 people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的开展特点，因此判断D正确。第24题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before

10、 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expande

11、d to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、 its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第25题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning inter

12、viewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、 This doesnt

13、necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.12【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第26题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere

14、. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, fl

15、owers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a h

16、yper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In All thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2)what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB a citizen s

17、cientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第27题【单项选择题】2009.04 Don/t trust everything2009.04 Don/t trust everythingyou have read in the newspapers.A、which13B、 thatC asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第28题【

18、单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供

19、必需品或有用的东西。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicle

20、s had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A14【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第30题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望 远镜）and is taking astronomers （天文学家）further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible

21、. Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Biggest telescopeB、Power of the telescopeC、Factions of VLTD、Birth of the new t

22、elescope【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介绍了世界上最大的望远镜。第31题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第32题【单项选择题】15【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer

23、in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说儿童母语学

24、得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、 alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】As far as astronomers （天文学家）can determine, the enti

25、re universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggest

26、s that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the16universeA、obeys different laws.B、obeys one common law.C、obeys the same laws.D、obeys no common law.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第二句。科学家没有理由怀疑宇宙中的物质遵循 同一法那么，即他们相信宇宙中不同地方的物质是遵循同一法那么的。第35题【单项选择

27、题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower theirprices.A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第36题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide

28、the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.A

29、、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.17C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere.D many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成

30、的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。第37题【单项选择题】I know its a/ his wife said coldly.A、surpriseB、welcomeC、messD、present【正确答案】c【答案解析】根据coldly可知，说话人不是指惊喜、欢迎、礼物，答案选C第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the main element that helps us build

31、 up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving （感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided mainly by.A、a superior force like

32、 GodB、our way of being, such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD others choice and responsibility【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有 超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的but the main element that helps us18build up our future is our way of being可知,作者认为影响我们未来的最主要的因 素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第39题【单项选择

33、题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第40题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。

34、第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan. The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guat

35、emala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of19第3题【单项选择题】【2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC inD、to【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/ with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，

36、应选C。第4题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people/s cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a

37、result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure why M

38、r. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第5题【单项选择题】 a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwood/s drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impre

39、ssive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because.A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmer

40、s.C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、 it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world,对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第42题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers a

41、re far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleB、likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的；D不可能的 应用举例：门I do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚至U会 儿。20第4

42、3题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第44题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except

43、forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是第45题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women ar

44、e weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system.21A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。问题句说Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度J 而

45、本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第46题【单项选择题】【I阅读组断】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flood

46、ed by a sudden high tide.Q: The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该题目说的是：Kiribati的人民担忧他们的国家将被突发 的洪水淹没。该题源于第一句：Kiribati的国民担忧在近期的某一天，他们的国 家将会地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第47题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Late one Sunday

47、 afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, M

48、cCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help22 other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron