2023年中考英语阅读理解热点话题练习 专题15 新能源汽车（含答案）.docx

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1、2023年中考英语阅读理解热点话题练习（中考真题+名校最新模拟真题）专题15新能源汽车（2022安徽蚌埠二模）Cars make our lives more convenient. But they can also be a problem, especially fossil fuel （化石燃料）cars, which cause air pollution, To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles （EVs, 电动车）.Among them, China is taking

2、 a leading role and has created the worlds largest EV market.In 2016,40% of the 753, 000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, about twice as many as the number sold in the United States. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs.Charging （充 电）an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil f

3、uel car with gas J said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car this year.However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging stations and the cars cant go far before needing to be recharged.Some of these problems are being solved. In 2014, China had 31, 000 charging stations, accordi

4、ng to Xinhua. Now China has the worlds largest EV charging network, with more than 167, 000 charging stations in total.Developing EVs is one of many efforts China has made to reduce pressure on its environment. As China goes, so will the worlds auto industry,the Wall Street Journal said.1. How many

5、EVs were sold in America in 2016?A. About 40.B. About 150,600. C. About 301,200. D. About 753,000.2. Why did the writer use Wu Haos example?A. To show the problem of EVs.B. To introduce the use of EVs.C. To show the advantage of EVs.D. To introduce the development of EVs.3. What can we inferred from

6、 the last paragraph?A. China takes the lead in developing EVs.B. China is the most developed in auto industry.C. China has solved the environmental problems.D. China should learn from foreign auto industry.（2022四川省内江市第六中学二模）Weve been driving around in gas-powered cars for over 100 years.Once we run

7、out of all the oil from the earth, we cant make more. Is it time fbr a change?Go electric参考答案:1. BC2. A【导语】本文介绍了电动汽车在中国的开展。1 .推理判断题。根据In 2016,40% of the 753, 000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, about twice as many as the number sold in the United States.”可推知美国占总数的 20%,约为 150600o 应选 Bo.细节理解题。根

8、据Charging （充电）an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas/9 said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car this year.”可知，举他的例子是为了展示电动汽车的优点。应选Co2 .推理判断题 o 根据Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the worlds largest EV market.” 可推知，中国在开展电动汽车方面处于领先地位。应选A。3. AC4. A

9、【导语】本文主要介绍了三种可以代替汽油的能源。4 .词句猜想题。根据It can take anywhere from 30 minutes to 8 hours to recharge an electric car. Thats not as handy as a quick stop at a gas station.”可知，给一辆电动汽车充电需要30分钟到8小时不等，可见十分不方 便，故划线局部handy意为“方便的”，即容易使用。应选A。5 细节理解题。根据But when the car bums gas, it still gives off waste gases like a

10、 regular car.”可知,混合动 力汽车在燃烧汽油时，仍然会像普通汽车一样排放废气。应选C。6 .主旨大意题。根据Once we run out of all the oil from the earth, we cant make more. Is it time for a change? 及全文可知，本文主要介绍了一旦汽油消耗完，我们可以使用哪些能源来代替汽油。应选A。5. BA6. BC【导语】本文主要讲述了使用电动汽车的好处，以及鼓励大家要多多使用电动汽车。7 .细节理解题。根据“It is because almost 50% of the cars sold in Liu

11、zhou last year were electric vehicles （EVs 电动汽车）,making the city of about 4 million people the biggest EV market in the world.可知,柳州市售出的 汽车中有近50%是电动汽车，这使得柳州成为世界上最大的电动汽车市场。即电动汽车的销售让柳州走在 世界领先。应选B。8 .推理判断题 o 根据The trial was so popular that chances ran out within minutes, and 70% of test-drivers bought o

12、ne of the vehicles可知，这个试驾计划大受欢迎，70%的试驾者都购买了电动汽车，因此这个计划是成功 的。应选A。9 .段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲了起初人们对EVs有顾虑，后来发现它不仅驾驶舒适，还 有许多充电点，此外空气也得到了净化。B选项“驾驶电动汽车的优势”能概括第三段内容。应选B。10 .推理判断题。根据Cities should support the light-weight and small vehicles coming into the city as those vehicles can fit everywhere and dont use t

13、oo much power以及“That should be the future.知，此处是在鼓励 大家要多多使用电动汽车。应选C。7. CD8. D【导语】本文介绍了电动汽车的能量来源以及它们所对应的清洁度，并且解释了不同因素影响下对环境的 影响。11. 细节理解题。根据“ If the power comes from wind or solar energy, electric cars will cause little pollution.”可 知如果能量来源于太阳能和风能，污染会小一点；根据“In France, more than half of the power comes

14、 from nuclear stations. Electric cars there should be as clean as they are marketed （推销）to be.”可知核能的污染也很 小。应选C。12. 细节理解题。根据“In France, more than half of the power comes from nuclear stations. Electric cars there should be as clean as they are marketed （推车肖）to be.In countries like India, electric car

15、s are not clean at 可知法国大多数汽车能量来源是核电站，因此他们的汽车像推销的一样干净，但是在印度，电车一点也不 干净。应选D。13. 主旨大意题。根据The scientists found that sometimes, electric cars are more harmful than petrol （汽油） cars.”和“Surprising? Well, please pay attention to the word sometimes.可知本文主要介绍了为什么电车有时 候比汽油车更污染环境。应选D。14. CD15. B【导语】本文主要介绍了电动汽车的一些

16、优点如本身不产生浪费，费用低，可以减少环境污染等，呼吁我 们重新审视电动车。14 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, the only reason that electric cars produce any pollution at all is that their electric energy is produced by power plants-electric cars themselves produce no waste.“可知，电动汽车本身不 产生浪费，应选C。15 .细节理解题。根据第四段中“For one, they cost less to maintai

17、n （维修）.The cost of charging an electric car is about 20 percent of the cost of gas, and electric cars require far less maintenance than gas-powered cars. This is due, in part, to the fact that electric cars have no cooling system, fan belts, radiators, hoses, or oil-just a battery. There are fewer m

18、oving parts overall, so there are fewer possible problems.”可知，电动汽车的维护本钱更低， 因为移动部件更少，应选D。16 .标题归纳题。根据该文描述可知电动汽车的使用可以帮助保护环境所以值得重新审视电动车，应选B。16. BA17. CC【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了电动汽车在中国的广泛应用。17 .细节理解题。根据“Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVS sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as

19、 the number sold in the US, according to the International Energy Agency.“可知，去年在中 国销售的电动汽车占全世界销量753,000的40%, 753,000x40%=301,200,所以去年在中国销售了超过 301,200辆电动汽车。应选B。18 .细节理解题。根据To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles （EVs）.nJ 知，为了改善环境，许多国家都在开发电动汽车。应选A。19 .细节理解题。根据But th

20、ey can also be a problem, especially fossil fuel （化石燃料）cars, which are a major cause of air pollution.”可知，化石燃料汽车是空气污染的一个主要原因。应选C。20 .主旨大意题。根据China has taken a leading role in the worlds electric vehicle industry.和全文内容可知， 现在中国拥有世界上最大的电动车充电网络，而且去年中国的电动车销量占到世界总销量的40%,所以文 章的主要内容是中国在电动汽车方面的开展。应选C。18. CB1

21、9. DA20. C【导语】本文主要介绍了随着技术的进步和环保的考虑，越来越多的汽车制造商如沃尔沃等，正在增加电 动汽车的生产，未来电动汽车将占主要地位，本文同时介绍了沃尔沃转向电动汽车的原因。21 .细节理解题。根据Vblvo is the second large car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines （传统内燃机）. In January, American carmaker General Motors said it would only make electric

22、 vehicles in 2035”可知，到2035年，沃尔沃和通用汽车都将停止生产传统的内燃机，应选C。22 . 细节理解题。 根据“Green says that one of the main reasons for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet （满足）the expectations of their customers. Besides, there is no long-term future for cars with traditional engines. Also, it wil

23、l be a helpful way to fight against air pollution.可知，本文提到了三点原因，故 选Bo.词义猜想题。根据“Hybrid cars use mixed power of electric and traditional engines to move the vehicles”可 知，Hybrid cars是使用电力和传统发动机的混合动力来驱动车辆，也就指混合驱动汽车，应选D。23 .推理判断题。根据Around the world, about 2-and-a-half million electric vehicles were sold l

24、ast year and analysts expect that to increase by 70% in 2021”可知，全球去年共售出约250万辆电动汽车，分析师预计2021 年这一数字将增长70%,所以A表述错误，应选A。24 .最正确标题题。根据第一段“The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles （车辆）in 2030.”可知，本文围绕“沃尔沃决定进军电动汽车的市场”这一线索展开描述，所以C项“2030年 沃尔沃将只生产电动汽车”最适合做标题。应选C。21. DC2

25、2. AB23. D【分析】文章介绍了随着技术的进步和环保的考虑，越来越多的汽车制造商，如沃尔沃等，正在增加电动 汽车的生产，未来电动汽车将占主要地位。26. 细节理解题。根据“The Swedish carmaker announced this week that it will only make electric cars by 2030.” 可知汽车制造商这周说将只生产电动汽车而不生产传统汽车。应选Do细节理解题。 根据“If you want to buy one of these cars in about nine years, you will have to make yo

26、ur order online. You will still be able to look at cars at a car store, however, the present car stores, which are known as dealerships, will remain in place so customers can look at cars and have them repaired.”可矢口如果想在九年后买 电动汽车，可以在汽车店修车。应选C。27. .推理判断题。根据“Henr 汰 Green, the chief of the car technolog

27、y officer, said that there is no long-term future for cars with traditional engines.可知Henrick Green讲到用传统引擎的汽车将没有长远未来，由此推出他在 暗示他们将停止生产传统汽车。应选A。28. 词义猜想题。根据“Green said the move to electric cars will help them”可知此处指电动汽车和传统汽车 的混合，batteries应是“电池”的意思。应选B。29. 推理判断题。文章介绍了随着技术的进步和环保的考虑，越来越多的汽车制造商，如沃尔沃等，正在 增加

28、电动汽车的生产，未来电动汽车将占主要地位。由此推出写这篇文章是为了鼓励汽车制造商生产污染 更少的新车。应选D。30. BD31. BC【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了电动汽车开展所遇到的问题以及解决方法。31 .细节理解题。根据“China has encouraged people to buy electric cars to control pollution.中国鼓励人们购 买电动汽车以控制污染。可知，为了控制污染，保护环境，政府鼓励人们购买电动汽车，应选B。32 .细节理解题。根据“But in many other countries, there are few public c

29、hargers.”但在其他许多国家，几乎没 有公共充电站。可知，对电动汽车感兴趣的人来说，他们考虑问题是公共充电站不是很多，应选D。33 .推理判断题。根据“Highways （公路）need one every 50 to 75 miles.”高速公路每50到75英里就需要一个 充电站。由此可以推知，1000英里的高速公路上应该建大约14到20个，应选B。34 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了政府鼓励人们购买电动汽车的原因及其存在的问题，由 此可以推知，本文最有可能出自一本杂志，应选C。An electric car has an electric motor that runs

30、on batteries（电池），which come in a big pack. Instead of filling with gas, an electric car owner get it charged （充电）.What happens when the batteries run down? You need to find somewhere to recharge. It can take anywhere from 30 minutes to 8 hours to recharge an electric car. Thats not as handy as a qui

31、ck stop at a gas station.Hybrid （gas + electric）A hybrid car has two engines-one uses gas and the other uses electricity. For short trips, it turns on batteries like an electric car. But if the batteries are low, the car can change to the gas engine. This can be a good choice for people who are worr

32、ied about the batteries running out halfway through a trip. But when the car burns gas, it still gives off waste gases like a regular car.Solar powerCould we use the sun to power cars? Some car companies are working on it. A solar car has an electric motor that runs on batteries. But the batteries a

33、re charged by the solar panels （太 B日自旨板）on the cars roof and body. To charge up, you just need to park the car in the sun! But making solar panels and batteries that are powerful enough to move a car is very expensive. It might take a good bit of time before solar cars are available to the general p

34、ublic. 4. What does the underlined word handy“ mean in Chinese?A. Easy to use. B. Difficult to get. C. Expensive to buy. D. Possible to charge.5. What is the problem with a hybrid car?A. It runs out of its battery very fast.B. It is difficult to repair a broken hybrid car.C. It still produces harmfu

35、l gases when burning gas.D. It is hard to change from the electric engine to the gas one.6. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Ways to take the place of gas.B. Qualities of different vehicles.C. Suggestions on reducing air pollution.D. Disadvantages of different kinds of energy.（2022江苏苏舛【九年级

36、专题练习）When visiting the southern Chinese city ofLiuzhou, the first thing people notice is its quietness. What is missing is the continuous noise of fuel vehicles （燃油车辆）in most big cities. It is because almost 50% of the cars sold in Liuzhou last year were electric vehicles （EVs 电动汽车），making the city

37、of about 4 million people the biggest EV market in the world. Not only that, the natural environment of the city is also wonderful.Liuzhous first move was to let people know more about EVs. SAIC-GM-Wuling carried out a free 10-month test-drive plan in 2017. More than 15,000 people took the carmakers

38、 Baojun E100 for a trial （试用）. The trial was so popular that chances ran out within minutes, and 70% of test-drivers bought one of the vehicles. Wuling then studied peoples needs and driving habits to make improvements.At the beginning, people had many worries about EVs, such as safety or the proble

39、m about charging （充电）.In fact, its very comfortable to use EVs. Free parking and tens of thousands of charge points are on hand for drivers. People have realized not only does it save money to drive electric cars but also there are many charge points for convenience. Besides, the air is becoming cle

40、aner after more and more EVs hit the road.“Guiding people towards electric cars is not easy，said Jochen Siebert, managing director at JSC Automotive in Singapore. But officials of Guangxi are also trying to make the use of Evs more popular in other cities, including7. What made Liuzhou lead the worl

41、d?A.8.9. What made Liuzhou lead the world?A.10.in other parts of China. Cities should support the light-weight and small vehicles coming into the city as those vehicles can fit everywhere and dont use too much powerSiebert said. That should be the future.EVs9 production. B. EVs9 sales. C. City envir

42、onment. D. Population increaseWhat do we know about the 10-month test-drive plan from the passage?A. It worked very well.C , It was doubted by people at first.9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Guidance of safe driving.C. Solutions to traffic problems.10. What is the writing purpose of this text

43、?A. To build a less-polluted city.C. To encourage the use of electric cars.B , It cost Wuling much money.D. It was carried out in many other cities.B , Advantages of driving EVs.D. Suggestions from EVs9 customers.B. To draw public attention to Wuling.D. To explain some environmental problems.（2022广东

44、J一模）In many countries, people are encouraged to buy electric cars. It is said that drivingan electric car is good for the environment. But is that true? The University of Minnesota recently studied emissions （排放物）from different cars. The scientists found that sometimes, electric cars are more harmfu

45、l than petrol （汽 油）cars.Surprising? Well, please pay attention to the word sometimes”. Electric cars are supposed to be clean. The problem lies in the power that is used to charge （充 电）them. If the power comes from wind or solar energy, electric cars will cause little pollution. However, if the powe

46、r is produced from coal, they will be very harmful. According to the study, emissions from these cars kill about 3, 000 people a year. However, pollution caused by petrol cars only leads to 880 deaths a year.In fact, sales people are not lying when they say electric cars are clean. However, they are

47、 right only when the power used to charge their cars is also clean.So how clean electric cars are depends on what its electricity comes from. In France, more than half of the power comes from nuclear stations. Electric cars there should be as clean as they are marketed （推销）to be. In many developing

48、countries, however, electricity still mainly comes from coal. India, for example, depends on coal for 61 percent of its power. Only two percent of its electricity comes from nuclear energy. In countries like India, electric cars are not clean at all!11. According to the passage, electric cars will cause little pollution if the power comes from. coal wind energy nuclear energy solar energy （DpetrolA.B.C.D.12. Which one is TRUE according to the passage?A. Driving an electric car is good for the environment.B , Electric cars are as clean as