2022年新人教版五年级数学下册《分数的意义》教学设计 .pdf

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1、分数的产生和意义太安小学姚延宁一、教学目标1、了解分数的产生，理解分数的意义2、理解单位“1”的含义3、在理解分数的意义的过程中，渗透比较、数形结合的数学思想方法，培养学生抽象概括能力二、教学重点理解分数的意义三、教学难点理解单位“1”的含义四、教学准备学具：圆纸片、正方形纸片教具：课件、磁力扣、剪刀、一段打好结的绳子五、课时安排1 课时六、教学过程（一）、图片导入，动手操作1、如果不给尺子等测量工具，你要怎样测量这黑板的长度？我们的祖先也想到了这种方法，我们找两位同学上前面来体验一下古人的测量工具和方法。（请两位学生上前，用打好结的绳子测量）我们数出了 6 段多，不足 7 段，剩下的不足一段

2、时，要怎么记录呢？引出分数（板书：分数）2、关于分数，三年级已学过，你能任意说出一个分数吗？（师选择其中一个板书）点明分子、分母、分数线请你联系实际，说说它可以表示什么意思？强调平均分3、老师准备了一个西红柿、一包饼干、一块月饼，要平均分给这两位同学，那每人分到个西红柿，块月饼，包饼干。4、谁能来说说，什么时候我们会用到分数？（在进行测量、分物或计算时，往往不能得到整数的结果，这时常用分数来表示。）（二）、讲授新知，抓重点 1、你能举例说明 1/4 的含义吗？（1）请同桌合作，自己动手，把手中的圆纸片，折一折，画一画，涂一涂，表示出 1/4，同桌间说一说涂色部分和圆的关系。全班交流，指名 2

3、生。（2）你能不能说说它表示的1/4？（出示线段图）指名 2 生。（3）请同学们拿出正方形纸片，通过折一折，表示出它的1/4，你有多少种折法？学生大多有 3 种折法，师示范另外几种折法。师剪一剪，4 个部分重合，面积相等，所以是平均分。由此可以知道，有无数种折法。2、一盘香蕉，还可以说成？（出示图片，4根香蕉）那么，每根香蕉是这把香蕉总根数的？这里的 1/4 表示什么意思？3、你还能像他那样说吗？（出示面包图）（三）、突破难点文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文

4、档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP

5、2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U

6、6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 H

7、Z4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L1

8、0H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9

9、ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W

10、4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4 1、请同学们仔细观察，刚才我们所分的这些（西红柿、正方形、线段、香蕉），有什么相同之处？不同之处？相同：平均分不同：有的是一个物体，有的是一些物体。2、哪些是一个物体？哪些是一些物体？都可以把它们看作一个整体。3、在这些香蕉中，取两根，用分数表示？取3 根？4、引出分数的意义。（齐读）5、一个整体可以用自然数1 来表示，我们通常把它叫

11、做单位“1”（板书）6、在生活中，我们还可以把哪些东西看成单位“1”？生自由说，师在过程中引导全班区分一个物体和一些物体。7、把单位“1”平均分成若干份，表示其中一份的数叫分数单位。（四）巩固练习1、用下面的分数表示图中的阴影部分，对吗？2、听口令，抢答。把一条线段平均分成5 份,1 份是它的();4份是它的()。把一块饼平均分成2 份,每份是它的()。把一个正方形平均分成4 份.1 份是它的();3份是它的()。20 个苹果，平均分成2 份，每份是它的（），平均分成 5 份，3 份是它的（），平均分成 20 份，8 份是它的（），平均分成 40 份，20 份是它的（）。3、指出下面直线上 A

12、、B、C各点分别表示几分之几？0 A B C 1 3 4 1 4 文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K

13、10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4

14、I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H

15、9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY

16、5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G

17、7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编

18、码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O44、说出各题中分数所表示的意义。（1）我国领土面积占世界陆地面积的141。（2）我国人口占世界总人口的

19、51。（五）课外拓展1.古埃及人的分数符号。2.我们今天见到的分数是经过长时间演变而来的，这是 3000 多年前古埃及人所用的分数。3.2000 多年前我们中国用算筹表示分数。后来印度人用阿拉伯数字表示分数，但那时后还没有分数线。直到公元12 世纪，阿拉伯人发明了分数线。这种用分子、分母、分数线表示分数的方法一直沿用至今。文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6

20、U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10

21、HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L

22、10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9

23、 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2

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25、文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4文档编码:CP2M4G6U6K10 HZ4I3L10H9C9 ZY5K2W4G7O4