2022年中考英语阅读理解的解题技巧 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_中考英语阅读懂得的解题技巧【考点分析】阅读懂得旨在考查同学阅读、懂得的才能.近几年来,中考英语题中的阅读懂得材料新奇,题材 丰富,考查同学综合推断才能、 依据语篇猜单词意思的才能的力度加大,考查同学关注细节的才能占很大部分. 所以同学往往要么没能正确懂得语篇中某些句子的意思,在细节题上丢分, 要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够,在综合题或者推断题方面丢分.那么究竟怎么做好阅读懂得这一题型了？一、解题思路（一）先读问题,弄清考查要点,以便能带着问题看文章,这样会心中有数,有的放矢.（二）快速浏览全文,把握全貌,留意发觉与问题有关的信息,假如时间紧,至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段.再把标题和

2、文章内容结合起来想一想,这样全文大意便清晰了.此时,不要忙于答题.（三）细读原文,捕获相关信息词,把握短文细节内容.这是解题的关键,应特殊留意以下几点：1 抓住四个 W和一个 H ,就是边读边用铅笔做些标记,把What 大事 ,When（时间）, Where（的点）, Why（缘由）, How（经过）划出来.抓住了四个“ W”和一个“ H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的问题便可解决. 2抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等.由于这些词具有因果,让步,递进,转折,指代,列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能.这对考生分清文章层次, 辨明各种关系,明白人物心理,推断作者意图,进

3、行规律推理等手段来分析难点,都具有举足轻重的作用.3 留意领悟文章的寓意.4 依据题意,初选答案.这一步须认真审题,领悟测试要求,确定解题方法.对那些明显的,有把握的题可以断然确定,不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而铺张时间：有些略难的题,应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍）,快速找出依据,予以排除.常用的解题方法有如下几种： 直接解题法.即从原文中直接找出答案. 归纳解题法.对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案. 综合推理法.读者需统观全文,认真分析,综合推理及至运算,最终归纳出正确答案.题干中有 suggest,conclude, conclusion,

4、 probably,reason, because, according to“等字眼时,属于推断概括型,考查内容着眼于全篇,考生应具备肯定的分析归纳,推理等规律思维才能. 捕获关键词.在阅读时应当留意与问题相关的同义词,近义词,反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案. 转换解题法.即原文这么说,而在问题和所给选项中就用另外的词去转换一种说法,但仍表示同一含义. 排除法.依据语言, 句法结构, 信息词和常识, 在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案.四、重读原文,认真斟酌核对答案.在解完最终一道题后,假如时间答应,再将原文读一遍.用全文的主题思想统率各摸索题,讨论其内在联系和规律关系,目的在于对

5、所做答案进一步审查,推出未解答的题,以便削减失误.二、题型分类可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_中学英语阅读懂得往往有以下三大题型,抓住它的解法和思路,就可以顺当做好这些题目：（一）挑选符合文章的选项（二）判定正误【典型例题分析】（一）依据内容,从短文后每题的四个选项中挑选正确的一项.Mr Brown first went to look at the underground - fire when he was seven. Through the ho（le 洞）in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you had t

6、o look fast because it was so hot, said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more（再一次） .Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fire. In fact,thereare 260 coa（l煤） fires in the world. They are harmful（有害） and dangerous. Then how to put them out.Scientists hav

7、e tried to se（t 放置）fire to underground coal to speed u（p 加速）the fires. In this way, the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_burning（燃烧） of underground coal would be soon finished（.被烧完）.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. Mr Brown first saw the underground - fire .A. at the age of sevenB. seven years oldC. in the year of

8、1898D. more than（超过） 80 years ago2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because .A. it was in the holeB. it was very hotC. it was orangeD. it was harmful3. How many coal fires are there in the world.A. Theres only one. B. Its hard to say.C. There are 260D. . The article（文章） doe

9、snt tell us.4. What s one of the best ways to put（o扑ut 灭） the underground fire.A. To cover（掩盖） the holes with stones（石块） .B. To speed up the fires.C. To see the fires burning.D. To do some experiments（试验） .5. What is the best title（标题） for the article.A. Watching the Underground - Fire.B. A Way to P

10、ut Out the Coal Fires.C. The Burning Earth.D. Coal and Coal Fires.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_答案分析1.在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据.at the age of seven 等于 when he was seven,故正确答案 为 A .2这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案,属于直接回答题.正确答案为B.3这一题可以在其次段里直接找到答案,属于直接回答题.正确答案为C.4在文章的最终一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法,那就是使火加速燃烧.正确答案为B.5完成这道题需作肯定的归纳,由于文章中没有给出直接的回答.

11、文章从MrBrown 两次看火,然后说出的下火的危害,最终提出如何灭火的方法.文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫,如何灭火才是文章的中心.故正确答案为B.（二）依据文章内容判定正误Fred telephoned his wife. “ I gvoet two free tickets for the theatre tonight,h”e told her. “ Meetmeoutside the office. We ll have something to eat andonthteonthgeo theatre.”Fred s wife was very pleased. The

12、y hadn t been to the theatre for a long time. She met her husba told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.At the entrance Fred took out his wallet to get the tickets.“ It s very strange,” h“ Try your pockets,” said his wife. But the tickets weren t there, either.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精

13、品_精品资料_Then Fred looked very embarrassed 尴尬.“ What s the matter.h”is awsifkee.d“ Well, ” Fred said,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_remember what I did with my tickets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasn t going hom office.” 1. One day, Fred was given the tickets for the theatre. 2. Fred and his wife w

14、ent to the theatre quite often. 3. Fred wanted to meet his wife in a restaurant. 4. They reached the theatre neither late nor early. 5. Then Fred couldn t find his tickets and remembered what he had done with the tickets.答案分析：1、T由于第一段中提到Fred told his wife“I ve got two free tickets” “free ”此处是免费的意思.2

15、、F其次段中提到 “They hadn t been to the theaterfor a long time.”3、F第一段中 Fred 说“Meet me outside the office.”4、T其次段中 “in time”是准时的意思.5.T结尾处提到的.三、题材分析可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -（一）家庭、伴侣与个人情形在中考阅读懂得中, 记叙文阅读题目的考查难度逐年增加,多使用贴近同学生活的素材,多以故事形式显现.针对这种题型主要抓四大要素,即时间、的点、人物和大事的起因、进展和结果,

16、以及人物之间的关系,从中分析他们的思想品质、性格特点等.懂得文章大意后,找出关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在,这样,便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜 ”,找出问题的答案.这类阅读一般是对文章懂得才能的考查,抓住文章的关键句和关键词是特别重要的.做题思路：先看清题干,带着问题读文章,明确把握问题指向,防止“回视”现象,提高做题的速度.例如：1990 was a significant year in world eventsIn February,Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in prisonIn October,East and Wes

17、t Germany became one country againThen at the end of 1990,the World Wide Web was bornFor this final event we have one man to than,k Tim Berners Lee,the father of the WebBerners Lee was born on June ,8 1955 in London,England His parents,both computer designers,encouraged him to think and work creativ

18、ely as he grew upHe was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and scienceAftergraduating fromOxfordUniversity , Timwenttoworkat ascience research centre in SwitzerlandThere he developed some of the different systems that would later become the WebThe firstwas HTML ,the com

19、puter language used to make web pages The second was an address system that letcomputers anywhere find each other and send and receive informationIn 1990, while still at the sciencecentre in Switzerland, he put them together to make the first Internet browse浏r 览器 It could run on anycomputer and allo

20、wed people to creat website to share their information with the rest of the worldTim knew that the more people used the Web,the more useful it would be He wasnt interested in money but knowledge, so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was interested Many were interested and the growth o

21、f the Internet beganToday Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America ,researching new and interesting ways to use the WebHe has received many awards from governments and organizations for his efforts He is still not very interested in moneyThat is why he is so admired by his students and workmat

22、esIt may also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name阅读短文,依据短文内容挑选正确答案. 1The underlined word significant in Paragraph 1 most probably means 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 27 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Astrang

23、eB terribleCimportantD difficult 2 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage.AThe address system was used to make web pagesBThe World Wide Web was created in Switzerland CThe first web browser was very expensive to buyDMany people could use the Internet before 1990 3 What ca

24、n we learn about Berners Lee from the passage.AHe was encouraged to be creativeBHe didnt do well at school CHe is a very poor businessmanDHe is well known all over the world 4 Where does Berners Lee live today.AEnglandB SwitzerlandCAmericaD Canada 5 What is the passage mainly about.AThe events that

25、took place in 1990 BThe history of the InternetCThe invention of the Internet browser DThe man who created the Word Wide Web答案解析：1C依据第一段第三、 四句话可知, 发生在1990 年的世界大事： 东西德统一, World Wide Web的产生.由此我们不难估计出,significant是指“重要,重大 ”.应选C.2B依据第三段 “ .an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and

26、 send and receiveinformation. 可知”选项A与此不符.依据第四段可知,Tim只对学问感爱好而对金钱并不感爱好,因此他免费奉献出他的创造web browser,应选项C 不正确.依据第一段, 我们知道web 是 在 1990年产生的,因此1990 年前,人们不行能使用web,故排除D.所以正确答案为B.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3A依据其次段可知, Tim学习成果优秀,故排除B.文中没有提Tim是个商人,故排除C. 依据最终一段最终一句话“.few people outside the world of technology know his n

27、ame”可知 Tim并非可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_世界闻名,故排除D.依据文中其次段 “.encouraged him to think and work creatively.可.为 A . 4C依据最终一段第一句可知Tim现在住在美国. 5D这篇文章主要介绍的是Web 之 父 Tim Berners Lee（二）学校生活与语言学习知正确答案”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_校内生活与语言学习是中考阅读懂得考查的一个热点话题,一方面与同学生活、 学习、沟通等息息相关.另一方面,来自社会, 紧贴社会生活, 具有肯定的时代感和现实意义. 这类话题多是说明文,

28、 做题时要留意说明的对象、内容及说明方法.这类题要留意每段话的开头部分,整体把握材料信息.做题思路：把握信息,找出题眼,梳理信息,进行解答问题.When you see the girl for the firsttime,you may think she is a boyShe is very outgoing 外向的Who is she. Wang Meng,the Chinese top skaterOn the evening of February 26th ,2022,Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute an

29、d29.213 seconds in the womens 1000 meters short track speed skating fin短al道速滑决赛 at the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games温哥华冬奥会 After she succeeded in the 500-metre and 3000-metre race,s she won her third gold medal this time With this one China won four gold medals in the womens short track speed skati

30、ng That helped China first win the team gold medal in Winter Olympics historyJust before the final race Wang Meng caught a bad cold and coughed terribly With the words of Youcan, you can do. she won at lastShe said, I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team, toChinaIt was with the help

31、 of my team that I won the prize可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Though Wang Meng is only twenty-four ,she has been the most successful Chinese skater proud of her and her teamWe hope she will be faster in Sochi Olympics in 2022阅读短文,依据短文内容挑选正确答案. 1 China won gold medals in the womens short track speed skatin

32、gWe are可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A2B 3C4D 5 2 It took Wang Meng 1 minute and 29.213 seconds to finish the short track speed skating finalAwomens 1000Bmens 1000Cwomens 500Dmens 500可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ 3 In Wang Mengs opinion,made her win the prize at lastAa strong bodyBa bad coldCher teams helpDmuc

33、h exercise 4 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage.AWang Meng is very outgoing like a boy BWang Meng is the most successful Chinese skaterCChinese people are proud of Wang Meng and her teamDChina has got the team gold medal twice in Winter Olympics history 答案解析1C由其次段倒数其次句 “ Wit

34、h this one China won four gold medals.可.知正确答案”为C.2A由其次段第一句 “ .WangMeng firstgot to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 secondsin womens 1000 meters. 可知”正确答案为A .3C由第一段最终两句 “ I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team. with the help of my team that I won the prize ”可知由于团队的帮忙她才获得了胜利,

35、故正确答案为C.4D由其次段最终一句 “ That helped China first win the team gold medal.可. 知 D项的表”述是错误的.（三）天气与自然随着社会经济的快速进展, 社会和谐已提上日程, 天气与自然环境很快就成为人们关注的话题之一.此类话题多是说明文和谈论文.这就要求我们明白说明文和谈论文的特点,这样才能对问题进一步的分析和解读,才能自觉的完成命题要求,取得高分.解题思路：把握该类话题的特点,对所给信息进行归纳整合例如：Earthquakes happen without warning前兆 They can happen any time of

36、a day,at any point duringthe yearWhen an earthquake is happenin,g you should know what you should do or not doDo NOT go outsideYou could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildingsIf you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines输电线 Stay under a desk, table,or other strong furnit

37、ure Hold on to it Or stay in a corner of the building Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Keep away from windows,pictures or advertisements on the wall or the buildin

38、g,and anything else that could fall and hurt you Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake,not by the shaking itself Also keep away from a fire You could fall down and burn yourself on the fireIf you are driving when an earthquake happens,stop the car if its safeStay inside your

39、 car until the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_earthquake stop,s hurt youand dont drive near bridgesTry not to stop by power lines or treesThese could fall and可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_阅读短文,依据短文内容挑选正确答案. 1 It isnt safe for you to while the earthquake is happeningArun out of the building Bstay in a corner of th

40、e buildingCcover your head with your arms Dcover your mouth with a towel 2 From this passage,we know Amany people fear earthquakes Bearthquakes maybe happen at any time Cwe cant save ourselves in an earthquake Dpeople never get injured in earthquakes 3 The best title for this passage should be AHow

41、Earthquakes Happen BHow to Drive a CarCWhat We Should Do in Earthquakes DWhy Earthquakes Happen答案解析可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1ABCD三项在第三段可找到答案.依据其次段内容可知A项的做法是担心全的,故正确答案为 A .2B依据第一段前两句可知,的震可能随时会发生,故B项为正确答案.3C通过全文可知本文主要是在介绍发生的震时,我们应当实行哪些措施才能使自己防止受伤,故正确答案为C.（四）历史与的理本话题在中考中所占比例不多,在历史方面要留意历史大事发生的时间、的点、缘由以及有

42、何影响等,而对的理学问的考查,一般多与旅行观光等内容相结合,这就要求我们明白各的的名胜古迹、遗址等.解题思路：熟识文章,找准问题关键所在,提高解题速度和质量.例如：On February 3rd,1949,New York Harbor 港 was an exciting placeMany people were there to greet aship from France On the ship were 49 French railroad boxcars火 车车厢 filled with gifts from the peopleof France to the people of

43、 AmericaThese boxcars were from the famous Merci Train Merc,i a French word meaning thank youAfter world War 二战,a lot of factories , roads and farms in France had been destroyed ManyFrench people had no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eatIn the winter of 1947,a train was sent acro

44、ss the United States,stopping in cities and towns along the way At every stop,people gave whatever they couldFactories gave clothing and medicineFarmers gave foodFamilies gave moneyEvenschool children gave away their pocket money零 用钱 All the things were then taken to France by shipBy 1949 ,the French had begun to recover 恢 复 from the war The Merci Train was their way of saying thank you to AmericaFrench people had filled the boxcars with giftsMost of them were persona,l like hand-made toys,children