考研英语素材.docx

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1、考研英语备考干货提供Part One攻克阅读理解第一大题型 考研英语阅读之细节题 一、样题展示样题1：In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesnt affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistants sweater des

2、cended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her.A insensitivity to fashionB obsession with high fashionC poor bargaining skillD lack of imagination样题2：Advertisers are

3、 horrified. Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings. Few switch DNT on now, but if tracking is off it will stay off. Bob Liodice, the chief executive of the Association of National Advertisers, says consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information

4、 about their preferences. People will not get fewer ads, he says. Theyll get less meaningful, less targeted ads.”Yours sincerely,Li Ming6）求职信Dear Sir or Madam,I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in（报纸名称）of（广告发布时间）.Not only do I have the qualifications for this job,

5、 but I also have the rightpersonality for a（工作名称）,n the one hand,（第一个原因工On the other hand,（另一个原因）.Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful. If you need to know more about me； please feel free to contact me at any time at（ 号码）Thank you for considering my application, and I a

6、m looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely,Li Ming7）邀请信Dear,There will a（内容）at/in（地点）on（时间.We would be honored to have you there with us.The occasion will start at（具体时间）, This will be followed by a（进一步的安排）.At around（时间），（另一个安 排）I really hope you can make it. Please reply before（通知你的最后期限）Yours

7、sincerely,Li MingPart Three考研英语阅读真题练习Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hoursthis is how far in advance authorities are recommending people s

8、how up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterra

9、nean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Tra

10、nsportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weaponsboth fake and realpast airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy a

11、nd low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicagos OHare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has becomebut the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so

12、 the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is

13、 one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass abackground check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the

14、 TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. The TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock.： Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since

15、the beginning, this price tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into un

16、derused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to.A stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwideB explain Americans tolerance of current security checksC h

17、ighlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S airportsD emphasis the importance of privacy protectionWhich of the following contributions to long waits at major airports?A New restrictions on carry-on bags.B The declining efficiency of the TSA.C An increase in the number of travelers.D Frequent unex

18、pected secret checks.22. The word “expedited” (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to.A quieterB fasterC widerD cheaperOne problem with the PreCheck program is.A A dramatic reduction of its scaleB Its wrongly-directed implementationC The governments reluctance to back itD An unreasonable price for

19、 enrollmentWhich of the following would be the best title for the text?A Getting Stuck in Security LinesB PreCheck-a Belated SolutionC Less Screening for More SafetyD Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers/ wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaiis last reigning monarch, in 18

20、97. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope TMT, a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanitys view of the cosmos.At issue is th

21、e TMTs planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the worlds most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Keas peak rises above the bulk of our plan

22、ets dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occu

23、pation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea/s fragile ecosy

24、stems or its holiness to the islands inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon tha

25、t first brought early Polynesians to Hawaiis shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where

26、we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescopes visib

27、ility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace

28、 their cultural heritage and to study the stars.23. Queen Liliuokalanis remark in Paragraph 1 indicates.A its conservative view on the historical role of astronomyB the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian societyC the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient timesD her appreciation of sta

29、r watchers feats in her timeMauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to.A its geographical featureB its protective surroundingsC its religious implicationsD its existing infrastructureThe construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because.A it may risk ruining their intell

30、ectual lifeB it reminds them of a humiliating historyC their culture will lose a chance of revival.D they fear losing control of Mauna Kea24. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in todays astronomy.A is fulfilling the dreams of ancient HawaiiansB helps spread Hawaiian culture across th

31、e worldC may uncover the origin of Hawaiian cultureD will eventually soften Hawaiians1 hostilityThe authors attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of A severe criticismB passive acceptanceC slight hesitancyD full approvalText 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a countrys GDP measur

32、es everything except that which makes life worthwhile/ With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.

33、 Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UKs GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million p

34、eople vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their countrys economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into wellbeing sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers

35、in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.W

36、hile all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn/t the case

37、 with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a countrys success, the world looks

38、very different.So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomesall things that contribut

39、e to a persons sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figu

40、res could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.25. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he.A praised the UK for its GDPB identified GDP with happinessC misinterpreted the role of GDPD had a low opinion of GDPIt can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that.A the UK is reluctant to remold its ec

41、onomic patternB GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UKC the UK will contribute less to the world economyD policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDPWhich of the following is true about the recent annual study?A It is sponsored by 163 countries.B It excludes GDP as an i

42、ndicator.C Its criteria are questionable.D Its results are enlightening.26. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that.A the UK is preparing for an economic boomB high GDP foreshadows an economic declineC it is essential to consider factors beyond GDPD it requires caution to handle economi

43、c issuesWhich of the following is the best title for the text?A High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK LessonB GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic HealthC Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDPD Brexit, the UKs Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the U.S Supreme Court has o

44、verturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high courts decision s

45、aid the judge in Mr. McDonnelfs trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his official acts/1 or the former governors decisions on “specific and unsettled issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure th

46、ose officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful and nasty, But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, maki

47、ng a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The courts ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery/ The basic compact underly

48、ing representative government/ wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court/1 assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or