2022届上海市闵行区高考二模英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、闵行区2021学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷总分值140分。2 .本次考试设试卷和答题纸两局部。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸 上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3 .答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写准考证号和姓名。L Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a q

2、uestion will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A

3、. $ 10.B. $ 10.C. $ 15.D. $ 20.E. $ 30.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: Excuse me, how much is this black T-shirt?W: $ 20 each. You can get a 50 % discount for the second one.Q: How much should the man pay if he buys two black T-shirts?2.A. Stop the music.A. Stop the music.B. Work on the composition.D. Focus on musi

4、c.C. Help the woman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 W: Be quiet, please. I am working on my composition. I need to be focused.M: Oh, sorry. I thought you would love to listen to some light music when you*re doing that.Q: What will the man probably do?ranging o【30题详解】考查状语从句。句意：为了夺回我们美丽的乡村和城市，我们需要做的不仅仅是不把垃圾留在不该留在的 地方。引

5、导地点状语从句，表示“的地方”应用where。故填where。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. average B. grouped C. contribution D. initiate E. planted F. worn G. consume H. serve I. evolved J. tracke

6、dK. sceneScience and technology are advancing at tremendous speed. We may think were a culture that gets rid of our 31 technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go out of style. Thats bad news fbr the environmen

7、t - and our wallets - as these outdated devices 32 much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York 33 the environmental costs fbr each product thr

8、oughout its life 一 from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout fbr how home energy use has 34 since the early 1990s. The devices were 35 by generation Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived o

9、n the 36 in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. The living-room television is replaced and gets 37in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you h

10、ave a TV in every room of the house Jsaid one researcher. The38number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to thirteen in2007. Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cath

11、ode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and 39 to greenhouse gas emissions more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the possible solution? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers would replace o

12、ld products with new electronics that 40 more than one function, such as a tablet fbr word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.【答案】31. F 32. G33. J34.135. B36. K37. E38. A3

13、9. C40. H【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了过旧的设备比新设备消耗更多的能量，对环境有害，并介绍了可能 的解决方案。【31题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们可能会认为，我们是一种一看到有闪亮的新东西就摆脱用旧了的科技产品的生物，但一项新的研究说明，我们在旧设备过时后仍能很好地使用它们。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词作 定语，修饰名词technology, worn “用旧了的”为形容词，符合句意。应选F。【32题详解】考查动词。句意：这对环境和我们的钱包来说都是坏消息，因为这些过时的设备比做同样事情的新设备消 耗更多的能量。分析句子结构，空处作句子谓语，根据下文“much more

14、energy”可知，此处表示消耗更 多的能量，根据句中is可知，句子使用一般现在时，主语devices是名词的复数形式，谓语动词应用原形 形式，consume “消耗”是动词原形形式，符合句意。应选G。L33题详解】考查动词。句意:为了弄清楚这些设备使用了多少能量，纽约罗切斯特理工学院的Callie Babbitt和她的同 事跟踪了每种产品在其整个生命周期内的环境本钱，从矿物开采到我们停止使用该设备。结合语意，Callie Babbitt和她的同事跟踪产品的环境本钱这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，tracked ”追踪，跟踪”是 动词的过去式形式，作句子谓语，符合句意。应选J。【34题详解

15、】考查动词。句意：该方法提供了自20世纪90年代初以来家庭能源使用演变的读数。结合语意，该方法提 供了家庭能源使用演变的读数，句中since表示“自从”，句子应用现在完成时，evolved “演变”是动词 的过去分词形式，与空前的has构成现在完成时，符合句意。应选I。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：这些设备按照1992年定义的台式电脑、最简单的移动 和盒式电视这一代进行分 组。结合语意，设备被分组了，group与主语devices之间是被动关系，所以grouped “分组”使用过去分 词形式，与空前的were构成一般过去时的被动语态，符合句意。应选B。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：数码相机于1

16、997年登场。空处作介词on的宾语，应用名词，scene “场景”为名词，on the scene表示“登场”，符合句意。应选K。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：一位研究人员说：“客厅的电视被更换了，并被安放在孩子们的房间里，突然有一天， 家里的每个房间都有一台电视。，。结合语意，客厅被更换的额电视机被安放在孩子们的房间里，plant与 主语television之间是被动关系，所以planted “安放”使用过去分词形式，与空前的gets构成一般现在时 的被动语态，符合句意。应选E。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：电子设备的平均数量从1992年的每户4台增加到2007年的13台。结合语意，每户的

17、 电子设备的平均数量增加了，空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词number, average “平均的”为形容词， 符合句意。应选A。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：根据巴比特团队的分析，旧的台式显示器和带有阴极射线管的盒式电视是最糟糕的设 备，其能耗和温室气体排放量在1992年至2007年期间增加了一倍以上。空处应填名词与consumption并 列，contribution “贡献”为名词，符合句意。应选C。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：该团队的数据仅持续到2007年，但研究人员还探讨了如果消费者将旧产品替换为具有 多种功能的新电子产品，如用于文字处理和电视观看的平板电脑，会发生什么情况。空处为

18、定语从句中的 谓语动词，主语that指代先行词new electronics,为复数形式，谓语动词应用原形形式，serve “服务”为 动词原形形式，符合句意。应选H。HL Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Anyone

19、could be in his or her unfavorable situations, whatever their ages and social status. Adults are often41 asking fbr help. Its an act that can make people feel 42, The moment you ask for directions, afterall, you reveal that you may be lost. Seeking someone9s assistance can make you feel like you are

20、 broadcasting your 43, New research suggests young children dont seek 44 in school, even when they need it, forthe same reason.To learn more about how children think about looking for help, we asked 576 children, aged four to nine, to predict the 45of two kids in a story. One of the characters genui

21、nely wanted to be smart, and the othermerely wanted to seem smart to others.Children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be 46 to ask fbr assistance. They could still conceive of (想象)situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought

22、 47 (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask fbr it.We also found that they recognize several more behaviors that might make a child appear less clever in front of fellow kids, such as 48 failure or modestly downplaying successes. Children ar

23、e therefore strongly aware of several ways in which a persons actions might make them appear less 49 in the eyes of others.However, a number of 50 can be found to help children. Our first 51 may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefits. But 52 barriers likely require reput

24、ation-based solutions. For example, instructors could create activities in which each student becomes an expert on a different topic, and then children must ask one another for help to master all of the material. If seeking help is understood as a(n) 53 classroom activity, kids may be less likely to

25、 think of it as indicative (说明)of ones ability.Seeking help could even be framed as 54 desirable. After all, asking for help often benefits not just theC 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. Bhelp seeker but also others listening in who have _55(questions or struggles.41.A.delighted withB.ready fbrC.serious aboutD

26、.embarrassed about42.A.impersonalB.sensitiveC.helplessD.desperate43.A.incapabilityB.enthusiasmC.generosityD.friendliness44.A.protectionB.individualityC.assistanceD.personality45.A.behaviorB.intelligenceC.successD.capability46.A.readyB.unlikelyC.comfortableD.desperate47.A.separatelyB.moderatelyC.purp

27、osefullyD.privately48.A.admittingB.neglectingC.avoidingD.underestimating49.A.friendlyB.smartC.independentD.reliable50.A.theoriesB.reasonsC.solutionsD.researches51.A.missionB.adviceC.instinctD.barrier52.A.instructiveB.decisiveC.intellectualD.reputational53.A.ordinaryB.vividC.achievableD.virtual54.A.p

28、ersonallyB.mentallyC.potentiallyD.socially55.A.dominantB.similarC.complexD.original【答案】41. D 42. B43. A 44. C45. A46. B 47. D 48. A49. B 50. C51.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。成年人常常羞于寻求帮助。这是一种会让人感到敏感的行为。新的研究说明， 出于同样的原因，年幼的孩子在学校里也不寻求帮助，即使他们需要帮助。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以 及解决方案。【41题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：成年人常常羞于寻求帮助。A. delighted with高兴的

29、；B. ready for准备好的；C. serious about认真；D. embarrassed about尴尬。根据后文的研究内容可知，成年人常常羞于寻求帮助。应选 Do【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这是一种会让人感到敏感的行为。A. impersonal非个人的；B. sensitive敏感 的；C. helpless 无助的;D. desperate 绝望的。根据后文 “The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you may be lost.（毕竟，当你问路的时候，你就暴露出你可能迷路了）

30、”可知，寻求帮助是一种会 让人感到敏感的行为。应选B。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：寻求他人的帮助会让你觉得自己在宣扬自己的无能。A. incapability无能力；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. generosity 慷慨；D. friendliness 友好。根据上文 “The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you may be lost.（毕竟，当你问路的时候，你就暴露出你可能迷路了）”可知，寻求他 人的帮助会让你觉得自己在宣扬自己的无能。应选A。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

31、新的研究说明，出于同样的原因，年幼的孩子在学校里也不寻求帮助，即使他 们需要帮助。A. protection 保护；B. individuality 个性；C. assistance 帮助;D. personality 个性。对应后文“To learn more about how children think about looking for help” 指孩子在学校不寻求帮助。应选 C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了了解更多关于儿童寻求帮助的想法，我们询问了 576名4至9岁的儿童， 让他们预测一个故事中两个孩子的行为。A. behavior行为；B. intelligenc

32、e智慧；C.success成功；D.capability能力。根据后文of two kids in a storyv以及“behaviors”可知，研究人员让孩子预测一个故事 中两个孩子的行为。应选A。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们认为，想显得聪明的孩子不太可能寻求帮助。A. ready准备好的；B. unlikely 不可能的；C. comfortable 舒服的；D. desperate 绝望的。根据上文 uChildren thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be?以及常识可知，想显得聪明的孩子不太可能寻

33、求帮助。应选B。47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们仍然可以想象那些想显得聪明的孩子会寻求帮助的情况：当可以私下寻求 帮助时（在电脑上而不是当面），孩子们认为这两个角色同样可能会寻求帮助。A. separately单独地；B. moderately 适中地；C. purposefully 有目的地；D. privately 私下地。根据后文 “on a computer rather than in personv可知是私下里。应选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还发现，他们还发现了其他几种行为，比方成认失败或谦虚地淡化成功， 这些行为可能会让孩子在其他孩子面前显得不那么聪明

34、。A. admitting成认；B. neglecting疏忽；C.avoiding 防止；D. underestimating 低估。根据后文 ufailure or modestly downplaying successes v 可知，其他 几种行为，比方成认失败或谦虚地淡化成功，应选A。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，孩子们强烈地意识到，一个人的行为可能会以几种方式使他们在别人 眼中显得不那么聪明。A. fHendly友好的；B. smart聪明的；C.independent独立的；D. reliable可靠的。对 应上文make a child appear less

35、clever in front of fellow kids指在别人眼中显得不那么聪明。应选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，可以找到一些解决方案来帮助儿童。A. theories理论；B. reasons理由；C. solutions 解决方案；D. researches 研究。根据后文 “may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefitsn可知是在提出解决方案。应选C。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的第一本能可能是通过强调其教育效益来激励寻求帮助。A. mission任 务

36、；B. advice 建议；C. instinct 本能；D. barrier 障碍。根据后文 “may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefits可知，通过强调其教育效益来激励寻求帮助是第一本能。应选C。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但声誉障碍可能需要基于声誉的解决方案。A. instructive启发性的；B.decisive 果断的；C. intellectual 智力的；D. reputational 信誉的。根据后文 ureputation-based solutions 可 知，此

37、处指的是声誉障碍可能需要基于声誉的解决方案。应选D。53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果寻求帮助被理解为一种普通的课堂活动，孩子们可能不太可能认为这是 一个人能力的象征。A. ordinary普通的；B. vivid生动的；C. achievable可完成的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据 下文 kids may be less likely to think of it as indicative （说明）of ones ability.” 可知,寻求帮助被理解为一种 普通的课堂活动，应选A。【54题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：寻求帮助甚至可以被认为是社会需要的。A. person

38、ally个人地；B.mentally心 理上；C. potentially 潜在地；D. socially 社会地。根据后文 “benefits not just the help seeker but also others listening提到了寻求帮助不仅会让寻求帮助的人受益，也会让其他有类似问题或挣扎的听众受益，即是 社会需要。应选D。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，寻求帮助不仅会让寻求帮助的人受益，也会让其他有类似问题或挣扎 的听众受益。A. dominant占优势的；B. similar相似的;C plex复杂的;D. original原来的。根据上文“but al

39、so others listening in who have”指让其他有类似问题或挣扎的听众受益。应选BoSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the informati

40、on given in the passage you have just read.(A)The population of rare Atlantic puffins in Maine, US, took a hit this year, as the number of chicks to survive a tough summer collapsed. The states coastal bays and the Gulf of Maine are among the fastest warming large water bodies on the planet, making

41、the puffins* fate a test-case for how climate change could disrupt marine ecosystems worldwide.The little clown-colored birds faced a complex of challenges: nests were flooded by some of the heaviest rains in a hundred years, exposing chicks to cold and predators. It was tough for young puffins, who

42、 were being brought up in caves along the islands shores. And their parents had a hard time finding herring (鳞鱼)and other North Atlantic prey they usually dive for, which scientists think may have swum to cooler waters too deep or far-off for the birds. The adult puffins flew farther than usual to f

43、ind food. Scientists say this limited their time to keep baby puffins warm in their nests. They did find and bring to the nests a lot of butterfish, but the thing is that butterfish are too big for young puffins to swallow.The director of the National Audubon Societys Seabird Institute, Don Lyons, s

44、ays puffins provide a unique window on global warming, on how even small shifts in the range or timing of any one species* occurrence can influence the fate of many others. nWorking with puffins in Maine, were seeing the harbingers (预K) of climate change every day,“ he said. HI tend to think of puff

45、ins as a group of researchers. Theyre going out and sampling our marine ecosystem all summer, many times a day. And the way we learn from them is watching what fish they bring back and how well they are able to raise baby coffins. . They*re really telling us to be concerned, you know, to pay attenti

46、on.Lyons says that with good management of herring and other fisheries that the puffins depend on, the birds should be able to hang on. Puffins can live up to 30 years and this means it wont be too terrible if they meet only a bad year. He adds, though, that their future in Maine may depend on just

47、how often those bad years keep rolling in. 56. The phrase took a hif (in the 1st paragraph) probably mean A suffer heavy lossesB. escape bad fortuneC. increase on a large-scaleD. decline moderately57. According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true? A. Puffins nests are open t

48、o the attack of their predators.B. Baby puffins are not adequately fed.C. Puffins prey prefers to stay in warm waters.D. Butterfish are not the appropriate food for baby puffins.58. In the 3rd paragraph, Lyon compare puffins to researchers because.A. puffins are helping human to maintain marine ecosystem