高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册 Unit6词汇表、词汇默写、课文原文及翻译.docx

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1、1234567891011121314151617 器18192021222324252627282930313233343536高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册Unit6词汇表、词汇默写、课文原文及翻译become accustomed notion /1 na o J n/ hazardous /1 hae za da unexceptional /i a m shuttle /1 J a tl/to习惯于（做）某事n.概念；观点；看法s/ adj.危险的，不平安的k 1 sepj* a nl/ adj.平常的n.航天飞机n.（有特定目的的）短途出行v.重新激起，重新唤起adv.悲惨地n1

2、teI nio sii/ adv.瞬间地n.（有特定目的的）短途出行v.重新激起，重新唤起adv.悲惨地n1 teI nio sii/ adv.瞬间地the space shuttle 航天飞机 excursion /i k1 sk3 : f n/ rekindle / ri： ki ndl/ tragically /y trae ds i kli/instantaneously / i nstashadow / 1 Jaedso/ n.坏影响，阴影cast a shadow on 给蒙上阴影scream /skri： m/ v.（因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等）尖声大叫suspend /sa 1 sp

3、end/ v.暂停，终止crew /kru： / n.（飞机上的）全体机组人员simulated / 1 s i mjule i 11 d/ adj ,模仿的，模拟的，仿真的simulator / 1 si mjulei ts （r）/ n.（用于人员训练的）模拟装置，模拟lifelike /1 lai flai k/ adj.submit /sa b 1 mi t/ v.提交（图画，模型等）生动的，逼真的awesome /1 o * sa m/ telescope /1 teli ska o the naked eye 肉眼 angle /1 ae q gl/ v.斜置 galaxy /1

4、gae le ksi/ cosmic /1 kn zmi k/adj,很好的，了不起的p/n.望远镜conceivably /ka subatomic / sa particle /1 pa： invisible /i n1 straightforward self-discipline fetch /fetj* /n1 si：vaba111 tn kl/n.星系adj.宇宙的bl I /adv.可以相信地；可想象地mi k/adj.亚原子的；原子内的za bl/ strei t self 1n.粒子adj.看不见的 1 fo : wa d/ di sa pli n/adj.简单的n.自我约束

5、，自律muscle /1 mA si/ pepper /1 peps (r)/sneeze/sni： z/.（去）拿来n.肌肉n.胡椒粉v.打喷嚏disc /di sk/n.激光唱片；光碟，光盘词汇默写12习惯于（做）某事n.概念；观点；看法3adj.危险的，不平安的4adj.平常的5n.航天飞机6航天飞机7n.（有特定目的的）短途出行8V.重新激起，重新唤起9adv.悲惨地10adv.瞬间地11n.坏影响，阴影12给蒙上阴影13V.（因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等）尖声大叫14V.暂停，终止15n.（飞机上的）全体机组人员16adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的17n.（用于人员训练的）模拟装置，模拟器18

6、adj.（图画，模型等）生动的，逼真的19submit /sa b1 mi t/v.提交20adj.很好的，了不起的21n.望远镜22the naked eye 肉眼23V.斜置24n.星系25adj.宇宙的26adv.可以相信地；可想象地27adj.亚原子的；原子内的28n.粒子29adj.看不见的30adj.简单的31n.自我约束，自律32V.（去）拿来33n.肌肉34pepper / 1 pepe (r)/n.胡椒粉35v.打喷嚏36n.激光唱片；光碟，光盘(Unit 6 |Understanding ideas)The Call of the Challenger“挑战者”的呼唤Eve

7、r since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel. Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, a

8、nd of the many things that could go wrong. With Armstrong1s now famous words “Thats one smal1 step for man, one giant leap for mankind”, what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved. Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by todayf s average school stud

9、ents, all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.自从1969年7月20日尼尔阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已习惯于太空旅行这个 概念。数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿， 因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。伴随着 阿姆斯特朗说出那句名言一一“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾被认为 是不可能的事情如今已经实现了。执行“阿波罗11号任务的三位宇航员在一台计算 机的指导下都平安返回地球，这台计算机远不如当今普通学校的

10、学生使用的计算机功 能强大。Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other. By the early 1980s, the great rockets previously used in the American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle. When the Challenger space shuttle too

11、k off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved. But this was going to be no ordinary excursion, and mi 1 lions of people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV. It was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary te

12、acher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space. She planned to give two 15-minute lessons from orbit： the first to demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked, and the second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme. Christa hoped to com

13、municate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme. With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.登月后，随着新事物接连出现，宇宙航行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。20世纪80 年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已被航天飞机所代替。当“挑战者”号航 天飞机于19

14、86年1月28日发射时，对于字航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似 乎已经失去了新鲜感。然而这将不是一次普通的航行，数百万人翻开电视，共同见证 这次发射。这次航行的特殊之处在于一位37岁名为克丽斯塔麦考利夫的普通教师 兼母亲将会成为第一位到访太空的普通公民。她计划在“挑战者号沿轨道运行时讲 两节课，每节15分钟。第一节课要展示航天器的操控装置，并解释一下引力是如何 发挥作用的；第二节课要讲述“挑战者”号太空计划的目的。克丽斯塔希望借此传达 她的激动之情，重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣。当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上 时，她或许能激发他们成为新一代字航员和太空科学家的理想。Tragically,

15、she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida, and all seven astronauts on board were killed. The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wron

16、g they had been! Instantaneously, excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure. It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it cast a shadow on people1s hearts.令人悲哀的是，她再也没能回到她的课堂。航天飞机在佛罗里达州发射仅一分多钟后 就发生了爆炸，机上七名宇航员全部牺牲。全世界都震惊了！大多数人本以为这次太 空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险，但是所有人都大错特错了！激动和乐观瞬间化为 恐惧和挫败，这是

17、有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，给人们心里蒙上了阴影。I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school, H said one student. There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. We didn1t have much patience waiting for the launch. We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts w

18、aving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we al 1 started screaming.” 一个学生回忆道：“我非常清楚地记得那天，我在学校通过电视观看发射场景。有位 普通教师

19、在“挑战者，号上，我们都非常激动，迫不及待地等着发射。我们看到宇航 员笑容满面，向世界挥手致意，步入航天飞机。然后，发射仅仅一分多钟后，我们就 着到空中奇异的红色和橙色的光芒，紧接着是一大团白烟。”挑战者，号在半空中爆 炸了，我们都开始尖叫。”Following the shock of the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated, and some of the shut

20、tlef s components were redesigned. But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事 故原因，重新设计飞行器的局部零件。但是毫无疑问，载人飞行绝不会就此停止。1988 年9月29日，随着“发现”号的成功发射

21、，航天飞机工程重新启动。It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short, they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration, such as Gagarin, Tereshkova, Armstrong and Yang Liwei. Tho memory of those seven wi11 live forev

22、er, written in the stars, inspiring us to join them in humanity1 s greatest journey of exploration and discovery. The sacrifice of the Chailenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.“挑战者”号失事至今已有30多年了。虽然“挑战者”号的机组人员英年早逝，但 他们与加加林

23、、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等进行太空探索的英雄们一道，都 在历史上占有一席之地。他们七位的事迹将永存于世，书写在漫天星辰中，激励我们 加入他们，共向致力于人类最伟大的探索发现之旅。“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提 醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。(Unit6| Developing ideas)EYES UPON THE NIGHT眺望夜空的眼睛The night sky has been an endless source of fascination since the start of human history. For example, the my

24、sterious large-eyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars. In reality, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for a long while

25、, people were unable to understand what they could see. Not knowing what the stars were, people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky.从人类有史以来，夜空就一直是让人浮想联翩的不竭源头。例如在中国考古遗址三星 堆开掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像，古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空。事实上, 人类仅凭肉眼只能看到夜空很小的一局部。并且在很长一段时间里，人们都无法理解 他们所看到的事物。古时的人们并不知道星星

26、到底是什么，所以他们便凭着想象去创 造了一个空中世界。Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky, increasing as it did the power of the human eye and enabling us to understand that the universe is far larger than was previously imaginable. The p

27、lanets were seen to be worlds similar to our own, many of them even having their own moons. Soon, it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we cal 1 the Milky Way. Some 300 years later, we learnt that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among bi 1 lions of ot

28、hers, spread across the blackness of space like great islands of light and matter floating in a vast cosmic ocean.当第一台望远镜对准夜空时，我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化，它不 仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力，而且也让我们明白宇宙要比之前想象的大得多。每个 行星都可以被视为和我们地球类似的星球，其中许多行星甚至有它们自己的卫星。很 快，我们明白太阳只不过是银河系中数十亿计的恒星中的一个。大约300年后，我们 又得知，银河系只是数十亿个散落在黑色太空中的星系之一，就像漂浮在宇

29、宙汪洋中 的一座光与物质组成的大型岛屿。Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit, giving astronomers-indeed all of us-the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth Nothing in history has allowed us to see

30、so much over such great distances, from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born, to huge black holes, and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life. Not only that-it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe, and di scover the incredible fact that the

31、 universe is expanding at an ever-increasing speed 第一个地基望远镜问世将近400年之后，哈勃空间望远镜发射入轨，不仅让宇航员， 事实上还让我们所有人，都看见了来自地球之外令人叹为观止的宇宙美景。它让我们 史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观一从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至 到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。不仅如此，它还帮助我们测算宇宙的年龄并分析宇 宙的本质，且发现了惊人的事实一一宇宙正在以不断增加的速度扩大。To see even further into the universe, many countries are now eng

32、aged in building ever more advanced telescopes. Currently, China operates the world1 s largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, completed in 2016. The 500-metre dish of the Eye of Heavenn, as it is known, is being used in the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of su

33、batomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes. This vast dish also has the ability to explore regions of space bi 1 lions of light years away, right at the edge of the visible universe 为了能更加深入地观察宇宙，很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜。近来，中国研 发了世界最大、功能最强的射电望远镜一一FAST望远镜，于2016年建成。众所周知， 这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被

34、认为由亚原子粒子 组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。这个巨盘还能探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域，那 里是看得到的字宙的边界。The Hubble and the space telescopes constructed after it will allow us to see further and further into space. We wi 11 view stars and galaxies bi 1 lions of light years away and look back at a past that was billions of years ago. Using ever-

35、larger radio telescopes as our eyes, we wi11 one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe, before the existence of light. But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.哈勃望远镜以及在它之后建成的太空望远镜将使我们能看见更加遥远的太空。我们将 能观察几十亿光年外的星体和星系，回看数十亿年之前的过去。终将有一天，我们会 使用更巨大的射电望远镜，当作人类之眼，回看在光产生之前的字宙的最早时期。但 人类对知识的渴望不止于此。宇宙还有很多的未知领域，我们才刚刚接近这段奇幻发 现之旅的起点。